AVCA Study Guide Questions with Verified
Correct Answers
Sclerotome
Medial arch of somite forms the vertebrae
Caudal thoracic
Flex/Ext greatest
Ventral Hemivertebra
Most likely to cause neurological problems-French bulldogs, pugs, Boston terrier
Ventral Hemivertebra
Lordosis
Dorsal hemivertebra
Kyphosis
Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae
great risk for Caudal Equina Syndrome, arthritis. Spinal cord compression-German
Shepherds
Degenerative Myelopathy
M/C neurodegenerative disease of dogs, Middle age German Shepherds, SOD1 Gene, pelvic
limb ataxia, hyporeflexia, Babinski sign, knuckling
Discospondylitis
bacterial or fungal infection of the vb or disc. German Shepards, males more than females 2:1
,interverterbal disc disease
M/c cause of neurological dysfunction in small animals, effects 50%, 85%thoracolumbar area
Hansen Type 1 IVDD
Young to middle age, acute, chondroplastic breeds, dachshund, corgis, cocker spaniel
Hansen Type 2
OLDER LARGE DOGS LESS acute LESS severe 75% between T11 and L3, present or loss
of deep pain most reliable return function factor
Horner's Syndrome
Can be produced by an upper thoracic disc herniation.
Firbrocartilaginous embolic myelopathy
Acute ischemic necrosis of the spinal cord releasing fibrous cartilage material-middle ages
giant breeds and smaller breeds
spondylosis
a degenerative disorder @ the end plates of the VB m/c in the thoracolumbar spine @ the
anticlinal VB
L1/L2 in dogs, 6 yrs 50% 9 years 75%
DISH
Does not affect a standard poodle
Neural Crest Cells
Become sensory neurons, GSA in dorsal root
Anterior of neural tube-ventral root
, Motor neurons GSE and GVE
Neurons from neural crest cells
Sensory neurons dorsal root GSA and GVA
Spinal Cord Ends Equine
Equine S2
Spinal Cord Ends K9
K9-L6/L7
Spinal Cord Ends Feline
Feline sacrum L6-S3
Supraspinatus Ligament
Connects spinous process T1-Sacrum
Horses absent from L6-sacrum
ligamentum flavum
connects the laminae of adjacent vertebrae, contains pain fibers
ventral longitudinal ligament
- lies along ventral surface of vertebral bodies
Mid thoracic to sacrum
Extension of the vb column
Rupture/overstretch CA+ deposits and spondylosis
DDD (degenerative disc disease)
Correct Answers
Sclerotome
Medial arch of somite forms the vertebrae
Caudal thoracic
Flex/Ext greatest
Ventral Hemivertebra
Most likely to cause neurological problems-French bulldogs, pugs, Boston terrier
Ventral Hemivertebra
Lordosis
Dorsal hemivertebra
Kyphosis
Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae
great risk for Caudal Equina Syndrome, arthritis. Spinal cord compression-German
Shepherds
Degenerative Myelopathy
M/C neurodegenerative disease of dogs, Middle age German Shepherds, SOD1 Gene, pelvic
limb ataxia, hyporeflexia, Babinski sign, knuckling
Discospondylitis
bacterial or fungal infection of the vb or disc. German Shepards, males more than females 2:1
,interverterbal disc disease
M/c cause of neurological dysfunction in small animals, effects 50%, 85%thoracolumbar area
Hansen Type 1 IVDD
Young to middle age, acute, chondroplastic breeds, dachshund, corgis, cocker spaniel
Hansen Type 2
OLDER LARGE DOGS LESS acute LESS severe 75% between T11 and L3, present or loss
of deep pain most reliable return function factor
Horner's Syndrome
Can be produced by an upper thoracic disc herniation.
Firbrocartilaginous embolic myelopathy
Acute ischemic necrosis of the spinal cord releasing fibrous cartilage material-middle ages
giant breeds and smaller breeds
spondylosis
a degenerative disorder @ the end plates of the VB m/c in the thoracolumbar spine @ the
anticlinal VB
L1/L2 in dogs, 6 yrs 50% 9 years 75%
DISH
Does not affect a standard poodle
Neural Crest Cells
Become sensory neurons, GSA in dorsal root
Anterior of neural tube-ventral root
, Motor neurons GSE and GVE
Neurons from neural crest cells
Sensory neurons dorsal root GSA and GVA
Spinal Cord Ends Equine
Equine S2
Spinal Cord Ends K9
K9-L6/L7
Spinal Cord Ends Feline
Feline sacrum L6-S3
Supraspinatus Ligament
Connects spinous process T1-Sacrum
Horses absent from L6-sacrum
ligamentum flavum
connects the laminae of adjacent vertebrae, contains pain fibers
ventral longitudinal ligament
- lies along ventral surface of vertebral bodies
Mid thoracic to sacrum
Extension of the vb column
Rupture/overstretch CA+ deposits and spondylosis
DDD (degenerative disc disease)
