Ikiugu: Psychosocial Conceptual Practice Models in Occupational Therapy
Test Bank
Chapter 1: Formal Therapeutic Use of Occupations: The Moral Treatment Move-
ment and the Arts and Crafts Movement
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. One of the individuals who spearheaded the rise of the moral treatment movement in Europe
in 1792 and is often referred to as the “striker of chains” was ______________.
a. Philippe Pinel
b. Samuel Tuke
c. William Tuke
d. Benjamin Rush
DIF: Cognitive Level: entry REF: Page Number: 6
2. Who was the Quaker merchant responsible for introducing moral treatment principles at the
York Retreat in York, England?
a. Philippe Pinel
b. Samuel Tuke
c. William Tuke
d. Benjamin Rush
DIF: Cognitive Level: entry REF: Page Number: 5
3. The term moral treatment as conceptualized by the proponents of the moral treatment
movement denotes which of the following?
a. Use of religious principles for therapeutic purposes
b. A psychological therapy designed to facilitate a sense of well-being
c. A therapeutic approach designed to help clients attain moral development
d. That the movement was started by the Quakers who were strong moralists
DIF: Cognitive Level: entry REF: Page Number: 5
4. The ideas that provided intellectual support for the moral treatment movement were
borrowed from which philosophical orientation that consisted of integration of John Locke’s
philosophy with world views from the works of Rene Descartes, Isaac Newton, and other
scientists?
a. Empiricism
b. Rationalism
Copyright © 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
,c. Enlightenment
d. Innatism
DIF: Cognitive Level: entry REF: Page Number: 7
5. Among those who introduced moral treatment ideas in the United States was the following
psychiatrist who was a signatory of the Declaration of Independence and is often referred to
as the father of American psychiatry:
a. Dorothea Lynde Dix
b. Thomas Scattergood
c. Thomas Story Kirkbride
d. Benjamin Rush
DIF: Cognitive Level: entry REF: Page Number: 8
6. A client is referred to the occupational therapy department for therapy. He looks dirty,
unkempt, has open sores on his skin, and emits a strong body odor. During the time for
snacks, an attendant throws a bag of chips at him and, while laughing, tells him that he
deserves to be treated like an animal since he seems to like living like one. When confronted
by the therapist, the attendant states that this is how he treats clients in order to discipline
them and to make them realize the need to improve. This treatment is inconsistent with what
moral treatment principle?
a. Use of occupation
b. Acceptance
c. Instilling a sense of responsibility
d. Optimistic view of clients
DIF: Cognitive Level: entry REF: Page Number: 10
7. Who was the philosophical patron of the arts and crafts movement, whose ideas were based
on the philosophy of Karl Marx?
a. John Ruskin
b. George Herbert Hall
c. William Morris
d. Wilhelm Hegel
DIF: Cognitive Level: entry REF: Page Number: 11
Copyright © 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
,8. You are working with a client who has a history of depression. He was admitted into the
hospital after he stopped going to work and started spending all his time in bed. Before
admission, he was an accountant working as billing officer for a rehabilitation hospital. On
initial interview, he tells you that there is no need to do anything because life is meaningless.
There is no point of taking care of himself or resuming work because he does not even
understand why he does what he does. All he does every day, he says, is push papers. He
does not think he does anything that is creative or that benefits anybody. According to the
proponents of the arts and crafts movement, from what does this client suffer?
a. Loss of morale
b. Developmental crisis
c. A sense of alienation
d. Boredom
DIF: Cognitive Level: entry REF: Page Number: 11
9. Where were arts and crafts used in Chicago to help poor immigrants from Europe reconnect
with their cultural roots and transition into American society?
a. Friends Asylum
b. Hull House
c. Mablehead, Massachusetts
d. Pennsylvania Hospital
DIF: Cognitive Level: entry REF: Page Number: 13
10. Which psychiatrist, who was the founder of the Association of Medical Superintendents of
American Institutions for the Insane (AMSAII), which later became the American Psychiatric
Association (APA), was responsible of introducing moral treatment principles in most of the
early mental health institutions in the United States?
a. Thomas Scattergood
b. Thomas Story Kirkbride
c. Dorothea Lynde Dix
d. Benjamin Rush
DIF: Cognitive Level: entry REF: Page Number: 9
ESSAY
1. It can be argued that the rise of moral treatment movement was a result of social evolution
supported by the intellectual milieu of the late eighteenth century. Discuss this statement
through analysis of the principles of empiricism and enlightenment philosophical
orientations.
DIF: Cognitive Level: advanced REF: Page Number: 6-8
Copyright © 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
, 2. What does the contention that moral treatment in the United States was an integration of
enlightenment principles with the American protestant piety mean?
DIF: Cognitive Level: advanced REF: Page Number: 8-9
3. Discuss the statement that the treatment approaches used in mental health institutions in the
United States during the early nineteenth century were borrowed mostly from the moral
treatment principles used at the York retreat in England.
DIF: Cognitive Level: advanced REF: Page Number: 8
4. Delineate the basic moral treatment principles, and explain how they were used to guide
treatment of mental asylum residents in the United States during the early nineteenth century.
DIF: Cognitive Level: advanced REF: Page Number: 10-11
5. Discuss the philosophical origins of the arts and crafts movement, and explain how the
principles of the movement were applied in health care in the United States during the late
nineteenth century.
DIF: Cognitive Level: advanced REF: Page Number: 11-13
6. Discuss how principles from the moral treatment movement and the arts and crafts
movement are used or may be used to inform contemporary occupation-based, client-
centered occupational therapy.
DIF: Cognitive Level: advanced REF: Page Number: 10-13
Copyright © 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Test Bank
Chapter 1: Formal Therapeutic Use of Occupations: The Moral Treatment Move-
ment and the Arts and Crafts Movement
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. One of the individuals who spearheaded the rise of the moral treatment movement in Europe
in 1792 and is often referred to as the “striker of chains” was ______________.
a. Philippe Pinel
b. Samuel Tuke
c. William Tuke
d. Benjamin Rush
DIF: Cognitive Level: entry REF: Page Number: 6
2. Who was the Quaker merchant responsible for introducing moral treatment principles at the
York Retreat in York, England?
a. Philippe Pinel
b. Samuel Tuke
c. William Tuke
d. Benjamin Rush
DIF: Cognitive Level: entry REF: Page Number: 5
3. The term moral treatment as conceptualized by the proponents of the moral treatment
movement denotes which of the following?
a. Use of religious principles for therapeutic purposes
b. A psychological therapy designed to facilitate a sense of well-being
c. A therapeutic approach designed to help clients attain moral development
d. That the movement was started by the Quakers who were strong moralists
DIF: Cognitive Level: entry REF: Page Number: 5
4. The ideas that provided intellectual support for the moral treatment movement were
borrowed from which philosophical orientation that consisted of integration of John Locke’s
philosophy with world views from the works of Rene Descartes, Isaac Newton, and other
scientists?
a. Empiricism
b. Rationalism
Copyright © 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
,c. Enlightenment
d. Innatism
DIF: Cognitive Level: entry REF: Page Number: 7
5. Among those who introduced moral treatment ideas in the United States was the following
psychiatrist who was a signatory of the Declaration of Independence and is often referred to
as the father of American psychiatry:
a. Dorothea Lynde Dix
b. Thomas Scattergood
c. Thomas Story Kirkbride
d. Benjamin Rush
DIF: Cognitive Level: entry REF: Page Number: 8
6. A client is referred to the occupational therapy department for therapy. He looks dirty,
unkempt, has open sores on his skin, and emits a strong body odor. During the time for
snacks, an attendant throws a bag of chips at him and, while laughing, tells him that he
deserves to be treated like an animal since he seems to like living like one. When confronted
by the therapist, the attendant states that this is how he treats clients in order to discipline
them and to make them realize the need to improve. This treatment is inconsistent with what
moral treatment principle?
a. Use of occupation
b. Acceptance
c. Instilling a sense of responsibility
d. Optimistic view of clients
DIF: Cognitive Level: entry REF: Page Number: 10
7. Who was the philosophical patron of the arts and crafts movement, whose ideas were based
on the philosophy of Karl Marx?
a. John Ruskin
b. George Herbert Hall
c. William Morris
d. Wilhelm Hegel
DIF: Cognitive Level: entry REF: Page Number: 11
Copyright © 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
,8. You are working with a client who has a history of depression. He was admitted into the
hospital after he stopped going to work and started spending all his time in bed. Before
admission, he was an accountant working as billing officer for a rehabilitation hospital. On
initial interview, he tells you that there is no need to do anything because life is meaningless.
There is no point of taking care of himself or resuming work because he does not even
understand why he does what he does. All he does every day, he says, is push papers. He
does not think he does anything that is creative or that benefits anybody. According to the
proponents of the arts and crafts movement, from what does this client suffer?
a. Loss of morale
b. Developmental crisis
c. A sense of alienation
d. Boredom
DIF: Cognitive Level: entry REF: Page Number: 11
9. Where were arts and crafts used in Chicago to help poor immigrants from Europe reconnect
with their cultural roots and transition into American society?
a. Friends Asylum
b. Hull House
c. Mablehead, Massachusetts
d. Pennsylvania Hospital
DIF: Cognitive Level: entry REF: Page Number: 13
10. Which psychiatrist, who was the founder of the Association of Medical Superintendents of
American Institutions for the Insane (AMSAII), which later became the American Psychiatric
Association (APA), was responsible of introducing moral treatment principles in most of the
early mental health institutions in the United States?
a. Thomas Scattergood
b. Thomas Story Kirkbride
c. Dorothea Lynde Dix
d. Benjamin Rush
DIF: Cognitive Level: entry REF: Page Number: 9
ESSAY
1. It can be argued that the rise of moral treatment movement was a result of social evolution
supported by the intellectual milieu of the late eighteenth century. Discuss this statement
through analysis of the principles of empiricism and enlightenment philosophical
orientations.
DIF: Cognitive Level: advanced REF: Page Number: 6-8
Copyright © 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
, 2. What does the contention that moral treatment in the United States was an integration of
enlightenment principles with the American protestant piety mean?
DIF: Cognitive Level: advanced REF: Page Number: 8-9
3. Discuss the statement that the treatment approaches used in mental health institutions in the
United States during the early nineteenth century were borrowed mostly from the moral
treatment principles used at the York retreat in England.
DIF: Cognitive Level: advanced REF: Page Number: 8
4. Delineate the basic moral treatment principles, and explain how they were used to guide
treatment of mental asylum residents in the United States during the early nineteenth century.
DIF: Cognitive Level: advanced REF: Page Number: 10-11
5. Discuss the philosophical origins of the arts and crafts movement, and explain how the
principles of the movement were applied in health care in the United States during the late
nineteenth century.
DIF: Cognitive Level: advanced REF: Page Number: 11-13
6. Discuss how principles from the moral treatment movement and the arts and crafts
movement are used or may be used to inform contemporary occupation-based, client-
centered occupational therapy.
DIF: Cognitive Level: advanced REF: Page Number: 10-13
Copyright © 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
