,Chapter: Chapter 01 - Quiz
True/False
1. Public health practice is oriented toward disease prevention and continuing health
improvement.
Ans: True
Feedback: Page 3
2. E. coli O157:H7 is not considered a threat to the food supply of the United States.
Ans: False
Feedback: Page 7
3. In the United States, anthrax usually affects livestock, some wild animals, and humans.
Ans: False
Feedback: Page 10
4. Most of the time, epidemiologic researchers confront a problem that has a clear etiologic basis.
Ans: False
Feedback: Page 9
5. The epidemiologic and clinical descriptions of a disease are different.
Ans: True
Feedback: Page 12
6. In current thinking, the term epidemic is used only to describe outbreaks of infectious disease.
Ans: False
Feedback: Page 17
7. Socrates popularized the notion that the environment is associated with human disease.
Copyright © 2021 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company
,Ans: False
Feedback: Page 23
8. John Graunt is known as the Columbus of biostatistics.
Ans: True
Feedback: Page 25
9. John Snow is credited with developing the smallpox vaccination.
Ans: False
Feedback: Page 25
10. One of William Farr’s contributions to public health and epidemiology included the
development of a more sophisticated system for codifying medical conditions.
Ans: True
Feedback: Page 33
11. Koch published Die Aetiologie der Tuberkulose in 1882, a breakthrough that led to improved
classification of disease by specific causal organisms.
Ans: True
Feedback: Page 33
12. The 1918 influenza pandemic is also known as “the Mother of All Pandemics.”
Ans: True
Feedback: Page 34
13. The Framingham Heart Study, begun in 1948, pioneered research into coronary heart disease
risk factors.
Ans: True
Feedback: Page 36
14. Environmental and occupational health problems are a specialization of epidemiology.
Ans: True
Copyright © 2021 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company
,Feedback: Page 41
15. The study of diseases linked to harmful physical energy, such as ionizing radiation, would be
outside the scope of epidemiology.
Ans: False
Feedback: Page 41
16. Molecular epidemiology applies the techniques of molecular biology to epidemiologic
studies.
Ans: True
Feedback: Page 42
Multiple Choice
1. Which of the following activities characterizes a clinical approach (as opposed to an
epidemiologic approach)?
A) Description of specific signs and symptoms in a patient
B) Description of seasonal trends in disease occurrence
C) Examination of disease occurrence among population groups
D) Demonstration of geographic variations in disease frequency
Ans: A
Feedback: Page 13
2. In the Yearly Mortality Bill for 1632, consumption referred to:
A) dysentery.
B) tuberculosis.
C) smallpox.
D) edema.
Ans: B
Feedback: Page 26
3. John Snow, in Snow on Cholera:
A) was the father of modern biostatistics.
B) established postulates for transmission of infectious disease.
Copyright © 2021 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company
,C) was an early epidemiologist who used natural experiments.
D) argued that the environment was associated with diseases such as malaria.
Ans: C
Feedback: Page 26
4. Which of the following activities characterizes an epidemiologic approach (as opposed to a
clinical approach)?
A) Description of a single individual’s symptoms
B) Surveillance of a population
C) Treatment of a patient with diagnosed illness
D) Description of a single individual’s symptoms and treatment of a patient with a diagnosed
illness
Ans: B
Feedback: Page 19
5. Cyclic variations in the occurrence of pneumonia and influenza mortality may reflect:
A) seasonal variations in cases of influenza.
B) the fact that influenza is a disappearing disorder.
C) long-term changes in mortality trends.
D) seasonal variations in cases of influenza and the fact that influenza is a disappearing disorder.
Ans: A
Feedback: Page 21
6. Which of the following is not usually an aim of epidemiology?
A) To describe the health status of the population
B) To fund new public health programs
C) To explain the etiology of disease
D) To predict the occurrence of disease
E. To control the distribution of disease
Ans: B
Feedback: Page 14
7. The Epidemic Intelligence Service (EIS) is responsible for:
A) tracking down disease outbreaks in the United States and foreign countries.
B) collecting routine epidemiologic data for local health departments.
C) printing epidemiologic reports for members of the community.
D) reporting suspicious bioterrorism agents to governmental agencies.
Ans: A
Copyright © 2021 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company
,Feedback: Page 40
Essay
1. Trace the history of epidemiology from approximately 400 BC to the late 1800s. Identify at
least three major historical developments and three major historical figures and their
contributions to the field of epidemiology.
Copyright © 2021 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company
,Chapter: Chapter 02 - Quiz
True/False
1. Sexually transmitted diseases are examples of a residual disorder: one for which the
contributing factors are known but for which methods of control have not been implemented
effectively.
Ans: True
Feedback: 57
2. In less developed regions, triangular population distributions are linked to high mortality
among younger age groups.
Ans: True
Feedback: 57
3. A dynamic population is one that adds new members through immigration and births and loses
members through emigration and deaths.
Ans: True
Feedback: 59
4. High firearm death rates and homicide rates are indicators of adverse conditions within the
community.
Ans: True
Feedback: 64
5. The term health disparities refers to differences in health outcomes (e.g., mortality and burden
of disease) that are closely linked with social, economic, and environmental disadvantage.
Ans: True
Feedback: 65
6. An example of operations research is using epidemiology to plan the placement of health
services in a community.
Copyright © 2021 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company
,Ans: True
Feedback: 71
7. The National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey is a continuing probability survey of
physicians who practice in public settings such as VA centers.
Ans: False
8. The Henle-Koch postulates were instrumental in efforts to prove the causative involvement of
a microorganism in an infectious disease.
Ans: True
Feedback: 72
9. The epidemiologist John Cassel argued that the agent, host, and environment triad provided an
adequate explanation for chronic diseases of noninfectious origin.
Ans: False
Feedback: 74
10. The criterion of plausibility refers to the existence of a dose–response relationship.
Ans: False
Feedback: 77
11. Doll and Peto demonstrated that the mortality ratios for lung cancer were similar among
those who smoked 1–14 cigarettes per day and those who smoked 15–24 cigarettes per day.
Ans: False
Feedback: 78
12. The existence of a dose–response relationship, that is, an increase in disease risk with an
increase in the amount of exposure, does not support the view that an association is a causal one.
Ans: False
Feedback: 77
Copyright © 2021 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company
,13. An important risk factor for the population is always important for the individual.
Ans: False
Feedback: 80
14. Five-year relative survival rates for pancreatic cancer by race/ethnic group are below 20% for
both non-Hispanic whites and African Americans.
Ans: True
Feedback: 81
15. Health education programs about the hazards of starting smoking are examples of secondary
prevention.
Ans: False
Feedback: 83
Multiple Choice
1. What level of prevention is represented by halfway houses for persons recovering from
addiction?
A) Primary prevention, active
B) Primary prevention, passive
C) Secondary prevention
D) Tertiary prevention
Ans: D
Feedback: Pages 83-85
2. What level of prevention is represented by nutritional counseling for pregnant women?
A) Primary prevention, active
B) Primary prevention, passive
C) Secondary prevention
D) Tertiary prevention
Ans: A
Feedback: Pages 83-85
3. What level of prevention is represented by screening for breast cancer?
Copyright © 2021 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company
True/False
1. Public health practice is oriented toward disease prevention and continuing health
improvement.
Ans: True
Feedback: Page 3
2. E. coli O157:H7 is not considered a threat to the food supply of the United States.
Ans: False
Feedback: Page 7
3. In the United States, anthrax usually affects livestock, some wild animals, and humans.
Ans: False
Feedback: Page 10
4. Most of the time, epidemiologic researchers confront a problem that has a clear etiologic basis.
Ans: False
Feedback: Page 9
5. The epidemiologic and clinical descriptions of a disease are different.
Ans: True
Feedback: Page 12
6. In current thinking, the term epidemic is used only to describe outbreaks of infectious disease.
Ans: False
Feedback: Page 17
7. Socrates popularized the notion that the environment is associated with human disease.
Copyright © 2021 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company
,Ans: False
Feedback: Page 23
8. John Graunt is known as the Columbus of biostatistics.
Ans: True
Feedback: Page 25
9. John Snow is credited with developing the smallpox vaccination.
Ans: False
Feedback: Page 25
10. One of William Farr’s contributions to public health and epidemiology included the
development of a more sophisticated system for codifying medical conditions.
Ans: True
Feedback: Page 33
11. Koch published Die Aetiologie der Tuberkulose in 1882, a breakthrough that led to improved
classification of disease by specific causal organisms.
Ans: True
Feedback: Page 33
12. The 1918 influenza pandemic is also known as “the Mother of All Pandemics.”
Ans: True
Feedback: Page 34
13. The Framingham Heart Study, begun in 1948, pioneered research into coronary heart disease
risk factors.
Ans: True
Feedback: Page 36
14. Environmental and occupational health problems are a specialization of epidemiology.
Ans: True
Copyright © 2021 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company
,Feedback: Page 41
15. The study of diseases linked to harmful physical energy, such as ionizing radiation, would be
outside the scope of epidemiology.
Ans: False
Feedback: Page 41
16. Molecular epidemiology applies the techniques of molecular biology to epidemiologic
studies.
Ans: True
Feedback: Page 42
Multiple Choice
1. Which of the following activities characterizes a clinical approach (as opposed to an
epidemiologic approach)?
A) Description of specific signs and symptoms in a patient
B) Description of seasonal trends in disease occurrence
C) Examination of disease occurrence among population groups
D) Demonstration of geographic variations in disease frequency
Ans: A
Feedback: Page 13
2. In the Yearly Mortality Bill for 1632, consumption referred to:
A) dysentery.
B) tuberculosis.
C) smallpox.
D) edema.
Ans: B
Feedback: Page 26
3. John Snow, in Snow on Cholera:
A) was the father of modern biostatistics.
B) established postulates for transmission of infectious disease.
Copyright © 2021 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company
,C) was an early epidemiologist who used natural experiments.
D) argued that the environment was associated with diseases such as malaria.
Ans: C
Feedback: Page 26
4. Which of the following activities characterizes an epidemiologic approach (as opposed to a
clinical approach)?
A) Description of a single individual’s symptoms
B) Surveillance of a population
C) Treatment of a patient with diagnosed illness
D) Description of a single individual’s symptoms and treatment of a patient with a diagnosed
illness
Ans: B
Feedback: Page 19
5. Cyclic variations in the occurrence of pneumonia and influenza mortality may reflect:
A) seasonal variations in cases of influenza.
B) the fact that influenza is a disappearing disorder.
C) long-term changes in mortality trends.
D) seasonal variations in cases of influenza and the fact that influenza is a disappearing disorder.
Ans: A
Feedback: Page 21
6. Which of the following is not usually an aim of epidemiology?
A) To describe the health status of the population
B) To fund new public health programs
C) To explain the etiology of disease
D) To predict the occurrence of disease
E. To control the distribution of disease
Ans: B
Feedback: Page 14
7. The Epidemic Intelligence Service (EIS) is responsible for:
A) tracking down disease outbreaks in the United States and foreign countries.
B) collecting routine epidemiologic data for local health departments.
C) printing epidemiologic reports for members of the community.
D) reporting suspicious bioterrorism agents to governmental agencies.
Ans: A
Copyright © 2021 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company
,Feedback: Page 40
Essay
1. Trace the history of epidemiology from approximately 400 BC to the late 1800s. Identify at
least three major historical developments and three major historical figures and their
contributions to the field of epidemiology.
Copyright © 2021 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company
,Chapter: Chapter 02 - Quiz
True/False
1. Sexually transmitted diseases are examples of a residual disorder: one for which the
contributing factors are known but for which methods of control have not been implemented
effectively.
Ans: True
Feedback: 57
2. In less developed regions, triangular population distributions are linked to high mortality
among younger age groups.
Ans: True
Feedback: 57
3. A dynamic population is one that adds new members through immigration and births and loses
members through emigration and deaths.
Ans: True
Feedback: 59
4. High firearm death rates and homicide rates are indicators of adverse conditions within the
community.
Ans: True
Feedback: 64
5. The term health disparities refers to differences in health outcomes (e.g., mortality and burden
of disease) that are closely linked with social, economic, and environmental disadvantage.
Ans: True
Feedback: 65
6. An example of operations research is using epidemiology to plan the placement of health
services in a community.
Copyright © 2021 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company
,Ans: True
Feedback: 71
7. The National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey is a continuing probability survey of
physicians who practice in public settings such as VA centers.
Ans: False
8. The Henle-Koch postulates were instrumental in efforts to prove the causative involvement of
a microorganism in an infectious disease.
Ans: True
Feedback: 72
9. The epidemiologist John Cassel argued that the agent, host, and environment triad provided an
adequate explanation for chronic diseases of noninfectious origin.
Ans: False
Feedback: 74
10. The criterion of plausibility refers to the existence of a dose–response relationship.
Ans: False
Feedback: 77
11. Doll and Peto demonstrated that the mortality ratios for lung cancer were similar among
those who smoked 1–14 cigarettes per day and those who smoked 15–24 cigarettes per day.
Ans: False
Feedback: 78
12. The existence of a dose–response relationship, that is, an increase in disease risk with an
increase in the amount of exposure, does not support the view that an association is a causal one.
Ans: False
Feedback: 77
Copyright © 2021 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company
,13. An important risk factor for the population is always important for the individual.
Ans: False
Feedback: 80
14. Five-year relative survival rates for pancreatic cancer by race/ethnic group are below 20% for
both non-Hispanic whites and African Americans.
Ans: True
Feedback: 81
15. Health education programs about the hazards of starting smoking are examples of secondary
prevention.
Ans: False
Feedback: 83
Multiple Choice
1. What level of prevention is represented by halfway houses for persons recovering from
addiction?
A) Primary prevention, active
B) Primary prevention, passive
C) Secondary prevention
D) Tertiary prevention
Ans: D
Feedback: Pages 83-85
2. What level of prevention is represented by nutritional counseling for pregnant women?
A) Primary prevention, active
B) Primary prevention, passive
C) Secondary prevention
D) Tertiary prevention
Ans: A
Feedback: Pages 83-85
3. What level of prevention is represented by screening for breast cancer?
Copyright © 2021 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company
