Test Bank for Nutrition For Healthy Living
6th Edition Schiff All Chapters 1-13 Full
Complete
Chapter 1: The Basics of Nutrition (Questions 1–10)
1. According to a main goal of Healthy People 2020/2030, Americans should:
A) Reduce children's exposure to junk foods at home and school
B) Learn how to obtain nutrition information from reliable sources
C) Create environments that foster good health for everyone
D) Receive annual influenza vaccinations
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A primary goal of Healthy People initiatives is to create social and physical
environments that promote good health for all Americans. This encompasses addressing
determinants of health such as social, economic, and physical environmental factors. Options A,
B, and D are either specific interventions or unrelated to the overarching environmental goal of
the initiative.
2. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A) In the United States, poor eating habits contribute to the ten leading causes of death,
including influenza and pneumonia
B) Nutrients are life-sustaining substances in food
C) A person's diet is influenced by blood type, birth order, and sustainability
D) People have an instinctual ability to choose a nutritious variety of foods
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nutrients are chemical substances in food that provide energy, structure, and
regulation of body processes. They are essential for growth, maintenance, and overall health.
Option A is incorrect because while poor eating habits contribute to several leading causes of
death, influenza and pneumonia are infectious diseases, not diet-related. Option C is incorrect
because blood type and birth order have no scientific influence on food choices. Option D is
incorrect because humans do not have an instinctual ability to choose nutritious foods—this is
learned.
,3. Which of the following conditions or diseases is a leading diet-related cause of death in the
United States?
A) Suicide
B) Heart disease
C) Influenza and pneumonia
D) Chronic lower respiratory infections
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Poor eating habits are linked to several leading causes of death in the United
States, including heart disease, diabetes, stroke, and certain cancers. Heart disease is the
number one cause of death and has a well-established connection to dietary factors such as
high saturated fat and sodium intake. Suicide, influenza/pneumonia, and chronic lower
respiratory infections are not considered diet-related causes of death.
4. A person's ______ is NOT a major influence on their food selection practices.
A) Mood
B) Place of residence
C) Blood type
D) Health status
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Blood type has no scientifically established influence on food choices. In contrast,
mood, place of residence (access to foods, cultural influences), and health status (dietary
restrictions, medical conditions) significantly impact food selection. The "blood type diet" is not
supported by scientific evidence.
5. Which of the following is an organic nutrient?
A) Water
B) Calcium
C) Vitamin C
D) Iron
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Organic nutrients contain carbon. Vitamin C is an organic compound. Water is
inorganic (no carbon), and calcium and iron are inorganic minerals. Organic nutrients include
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and vitamins.
,6. The term "kilocalorie" refers to:
A) The amount of heat needed to raise 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius
B) The amount of heat needed to raise 1 kilogram of water by 1 degree Celsius
C) The weight of food in grams
D) The amount of energy stored in adipose tissue
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A kilocalorie (kcal) is the amount of heat energy needed to raise the temperature
of 1 kilogram (1,000 grams) of water by 1 degree Celsius. This is the unit used to express the
energy content of foods.
7. Which nutrient provides the body with energy?
A) Vitamins
B) Minerals
C) Water
D) Carbohydrates
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Carbohydrates are energy-yielding nutrients (along with fats and proteins). They
provide 4 kilocalories per gram. Vitamins, minerals, and water do not provide energy but are
essential for metabolic processes and body regulation.
8. A substance required in the diet because the body cannot make it (or cannot make enough
of it) is called:
A) A phytochemical
B) An essential nutrient
C) A nonnutrient
D) A macronutrient
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Essential nutrients cannot be produced by the body (or cannot be produced in
sufficient quantities) and must be obtained from the diet. Iron, copper, and zinc are examples of
minerals that must come from food—the body cannot synthesize them.
, 9. Which of the following statements about phytochemicals is TRUE?
A) They are essential nutrients
B) They are found only in animal products
C) They are plant compounds that may benefit health
D) They provide 4 kcal per gram
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phytochemicals are non-nutrient compounds produced by plants that have
health benefits. Examples include isoflavones in soy (which may reduce cholesterol) and
lycopene in tomatoes. They are not essential nutrients, are not found only in animal products,
and do not provide energy.
10. A food contains 10 grams of fat, 20 grams of carbohydrate, and 15 grams of protein. How
many total kilocalories does it provide?
A) 180 kcal
B) 230 kcal
C) 260 kcal
D) 290 kcal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fat provides 9 kcal/g, carbohydrate provides 4 kcal/g, and protein provides 4
kcal/g. Calculation: Fat: 10 g × 9 = 90 kcal; Carbohydrate: 20 g × 4 = 80 kcal; Protein: 15 g × 4 = 60
kcal. Total = 90 + 80 + 60 = 230 kcal.
Chapter 2: Evaluating Nutrition Information (Questions 11–20)
11. A study that follows a group of people over time to see who develops a particular
condition is called a(n):
A) Case-control study
B) Cohort study
C) Randomized controlled trial
D) Meta-analysis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cohort studies track participants forward in time to identify associations
between exposures and outcomes. Case-control studies look backward from outcome to
6th Edition Schiff All Chapters 1-13 Full
Complete
Chapter 1: The Basics of Nutrition (Questions 1–10)
1. According to a main goal of Healthy People 2020/2030, Americans should:
A) Reduce children's exposure to junk foods at home and school
B) Learn how to obtain nutrition information from reliable sources
C) Create environments that foster good health for everyone
D) Receive annual influenza vaccinations
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A primary goal of Healthy People initiatives is to create social and physical
environments that promote good health for all Americans. This encompasses addressing
determinants of health such as social, economic, and physical environmental factors. Options A,
B, and D are either specific interventions or unrelated to the overarching environmental goal of
the initiative.
2. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A) In the United States, poor eating habits contribute to the ten leading causes of death,
including influenza and pneumonia
B) Nutrients are life-sustaining substances in food
C) A person's diet is influenced by blood type, birth order, and sustainability
D) People have an instinctual ability to choose a nutritious variety of foods
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nutrients are chemical substances in food that provide energy, structure, and
regulation of body processes. They are essential for growth, maintenance, and overall health.
Option A is incorrect because while poor eating habits contribute to several leading causes of
death, influenza and pneumonia are infectious diseases, not diet-related. Option C is incorrect
because blood type and birth order have no scientific influence on food choices. Option D is
incorrect because humans do not have an instinctual ability to choose nutritious foods—this is
learned.
,3. Which of the following conditions or diseases is a leading diet-related cause of death in the
United States?
A) Suicide
B) Heart disease
C) Influenza and pneumonia
D) Chronic lower respiratory infections
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Poor eating habits are linked to several leading causes of death in the United
States, including heart disease, diabetes, stroke, and certain cancers. Heart disease is the
number one cause of death and has a well-established connection to dietary factors such as
high saturated fat and sodium intake. Suicide, influenza/pneumonia, and chronic lower
respiratory infections are not considered diet-related causes of death.
4. A person's ______ is NOT a major influence on their food selection practices.
A) Mood
B) Place of residence
C) Blood type
D) Health status
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Blood type has no scientifically established influence on food choices. In contrast,
mood, place of residence (access to foods, cultural influences), and health status (dietary
restrictions, medical conditions) significantly impact food selection. The "blood type diet" is not
supported by scientific evidence.
5. Which of the following is an organic nutrient?
A) Water
B) Calcium
C) Vitamin C
D) Iron
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Organic nutrients contain carbon. Vitamin C is an organic compound. Water is
inorganic (no carbon), and calcium and iron are inorganic minerals. Organic nutrients include
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and vitamins.
,6. The term "kilocalorie" refers to:
A) The amount of heat needed to raise 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius
B) The amount of heat needed to raise 1 kilogram of water by 1 degree Celsius
C) The weight of food in grams
D) The amount of energy stored in adipose tissue
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A kilocalorie (kcal) is the amount of heat energy needed to raise the temperature
of 1 kilogram (1,000 grams) of water by 1 degree Celsius. This is the unit used to express the
energy content of foods.
7. Which nutrient provides the body with energy?
A) Vitamins
B) Minerals
C) Water
D) Carbohydrates
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Carbohydrates are energy-yielding nutrients (along with fats and proteins). They
provide 4 kilocalories per gram. Vitamins, minerals, and water do not provide energy but are
essential for metabolic processes and body regulation.
8. A substance required in the diet because the body cannot make it (or cannot make enough
of it) is called:
A) A phytochemical
B) An essential nutrient
C) A nonnutrient
D) A macronutrient
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Essential nutrients cannot be produced by the body (or cannot be produced in
sufficient quantities) and must be obtained from the diet. Iron, copper, and zinc are examples of
minerals that must come from food—the body cannot synthesize them.
, 9. Which of the following statements about phytochemicals is TRUE?
A) They are essential nutrients
B) They are found only in animal products
C) They are plant compounds that may benefit health
D) They provide 4 kcal per gram
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phytochemicals are non-nutrient compounds produced by plants that have
health benefits. Examples include isoflavones in soy (which may reduce cholesterol) and
lycopene in tomatoes. They are not essential nutrients, are not found only in animal products,
and do not provide energy.
10. A food contains 10 grams of fat, 20 grams of carbohydrate, and 15 grams of protein. How
many total kilocalories does it provide?
A) 180 kcal
B) 230 kcal
C) 260 kcal
D) 290 kcal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fat provides 9 kcal/g, carbohydrate provides 4 kcal/g, and protein provides 4
kcal/g. Calculation: Fat: 10 g × 9 = 90 kcal; Carbohydrate: 20 g × 4 = 80 kcal; Protein: 15 g × 4 = 60
kcal. Total = 90 + 80 + 60 = 230 kcal.
Chapter 2: Evaluating Nutrition Information (Questions 11–20)
11. A study that follows a group of people over time to see who develops a particular
condition is called a(n):
A) Case-control study
B) Cohort study
C) Randomized controlled trial
D) Meta-analysis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cohort studies track participants forward in time to identify associations
between exposures and outcomes. Case-control studies look backward from outcome to
