Test Bank for Nutrition and Diet Therapy
12th Edition Roth / All Chapters 1 - 21 / Full
Complete
Chapter 1: The Relationship of Nutrition and Health
1. A nurse is teaching a community health class about basic nutrition concepts. Which
statement by a participant indicates correct understanding of the definition of nutrition?
A. "Nutrition is only about counting calories."
B. "Nutrition is the study of how food is produced and marketed."
C. "Nutrition is the science of nutrients and how the body uses them for growth and health."
D. "Nutrition focuses exclusively on vitamin and mineral supplements."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nutrition is defined as the science that studies nutrients, food, and how the body
uses them for growth, maintenance, and health . Option A is incorrect because nutrition
encompasses far more than calorie counting. Option B describes food science or agribusiness,
not nutrition. Option D is too narrow, as nutrition includes all six classes of nutrients, not just
supplements.
2. During a nutritional assessment, the nurse calculates a client's body mass index (BMI) and
measures skinfold thickness. These measurements are classified as which type of assessment
data?
A. Biochemical
B. Clinical
C. Anthropometric
D. Dietary
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Anthropometric measurements involve assessing body composition, including
height, weight, BMI, and skinfold thickness . Biochemical assessment involves laboratory tests
such as serum albumin or hemoglobin. Clinical assessment involves physical examination
findings. Dietary assessment involves evaluating food intake through methods like 24-hour
recall.
,3. A nurse is screening clients for nutritional risk. Which client should the nurse identify as
being at highest risk for malnutrition?
A. A 28-year-old athlete training for a marathon
B. A 72-year-old widower who recently lost 15 pounds unintentionally
C. A 35-year-old pregnant woman taking prenatal vitamins
D. A 45-year-old office worker who eats fast food twice weekly
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Unintentional weight loss in older adults is a high-yield indicator of malnutrition
risk. Older adults, especially those living alone or experiencing recent life changes, are
vulnerable to inadequate intake due to decreased appetite, depression, and social isolation .
The athlete and pregnant woman are at lower risk with appropriate dietary intake. The office
worker may have suboptimal nutrition but does not demonstrate acute risk markers.
4. Which of the following are recognized as characteristics of good nutritional status? (Select
all that apply.)
A. Alert and responsive affect
B. Brittle hair and nails
C. Healthy skin appearance
D. Adequate energy level
E. Bleeding gums
Correct Answers: A, C, D
Rationale: Characteristics of good nutritional status include alertness, healthy skin, and
adequate energy. Brittle hair and nails and bleeding gums are clinical signs of malnutrition or
specific nutrient deficiencies . Apathy (not alertness) is characteristic of poor nutritional status.
5. A nurse is assessing a client for possible vitamin B deficiency. Which clinical finding would
the nurse expect to observe?
A. Night blindness
B. Lesions at the corners of the mouth
C. Muscle weakness
D. Excessive bleeding
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Riboflavin (vitamin B2) deficiency typically presents with angular cheilosis, which
are lesions or cracks at the corners of the mouth . Night blindness is associated with vitamin A
,deficiency. Muscle weakness can have multiple causes. Excessive bleeding is associated with
vitamin K deficiency.
6. The nurse is educating a client about factors that affect nutritional status. Which social
factor should the nurse include in the assessment?
A. Client's blood pressure
B. Client's financial resources and ability to store and prepare food
C. Client's family history of heart disease
D. Client's hemoglobin level
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Social history, including financial resources and the ability to store and prepare
food, is an important component of nutritional assessment . Blood pressure and hemoglobin
are clinical or biochemical data. Family history of heart disease is medical history, not a social
factor.
Chapter 2: Planning a Healthy Diet
7. According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, what is the maximum recommended
weekly weight loss for a healthy individual?
A. 0.5 pound
B. 1 to 1.5 pounds
C. 2 to 3 pounds
D. 4 to 5 pounds
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Safe and sustainable weight loss should not exceed 1 to 1.5 pounds per week .
Faster weight loss may result in loss of lean body mass and is less likely to be maintained.
Options A, C, and D are either too slow to be effective or too rapid to be safe.
8. A client asks the nurse what percentage of total daily calories should come from saturated
fat according to current recommendations. What is the correct response?
A. Less than 5%
B. Less than 10%
C. Less than 15%
D. Less than 20%
Correct Answer: B
, Rationale: The recommendation for saturated fat intake for a healthy individual is less than
10% of total calorie intake . This guideline helps reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Options A, C, and D do not reflect current evidence-based recommendations.
9. Which statement accurately describes a change that occurred with the transition from
MyPyramid to MyPlate?
A. Physical activity recommendations were removed.
B. Fats and oils were left off the new icon.
C. Grain recommendations were eliminated.
D. Dairy products were added.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: With the introduction of MyPlate, fats and oils were left off from the old
MyPyramid icon . The new plate design focuses on the five food groups: fruits, vegetables,
grains, proteins, and dairy. Physical activity was still emphasized separately.
10. A client following a 1,800-calorie diet based on MyPlate should consume approximately
how many cups of fruits and vegetables combined daily?
A. 2 cups
B. 3 cups
C. 4 cups
D. 5 cups
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A 1,800-calorie diet based on MyPlate would require approximately four cups of
fruits and vegetables each day, with slightly more vegetables than fruits . This ensures adequate
intake of fiber, vitamins, and minerals. Options A and B are too low; option D is higher than
needed at this calorie level.
11. When was nutrition labeling made mandatory on packaged foods?
A. 1974
B. 1984
C. 1994
D. 2004
Correct Answer: C
12th Edition Roth / All Chapters 1 - 21 / Full
Complete
Chapter 1: The Relationship of Nutrition and Health
1. A nurse is teaching a community health class about basic nutrition concepts. Which
statement by a participant indicates correct understanding of the definition of nutrition?
A. "Nutrition is only about counting calories."
B. "Nutrition is the study of how food is produced and marketed."
C. "Nutrition is the science of nutrients and how the body uses them for growth and health."
D. "Nutrition focuses exclusively on vitamin and mineral supplements."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nutrition is defined as the science that studies nutrients, food, and how the body
uses them for growth, maintenance, and health . Option A is incorrect because nutrition
encompasses far more than calorie counting. Option B describes food science or agribusiness,
not nutrition. Option D is too narrow, as nutrition includes all six classes of nutrients, not just
supplements.
2. During a nutritional assessment, the nurse calculates a client's body mass index (BMI) and
measures skinfold thickness. These measurements are classified as which type of assessment
data?
A. Biochemical
B. Clinical
C. Anthropometric
D. Dietary
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Anthropometric measurements involve assessing body composition, including
height, weight, BMI, and skinfold thickness . Biochemical assessment involves laboratory tests
such as serum albumin or hemoglobin. Clinical assessment involves physical examination
findings. Dietary assessment involves evaluating food intake through methods like 24-hour
recall.
,3. A nurse is screening clients for nutritional risk. Which client should the nurse identify as
being at highest risk for malnutrition?
A. A 28-year-old athlete training for a marathon
B. A 72-year-old widower who recently lost 15 pounds unintentionally
C. A 35-year-old pregnant woman taking prenatal vitamins
D. A 45-year-old office worker who eats fast food twice weekly
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Unintentional weight loss in older adults is a high-yield indicator of malnutrition
risk. Older adults, especially those living alone or experiencing recent life changes, are
vulnerable to inadequate intake due to decreased appetite, depression, and social isolation .
The athlete and pregnant woman are at lower risk with appropriate dietary intake. The office
worker may have suboptimal nutrition but does not demonstrate acute risk markers.
4. Which of the following are recognized as characteristics of good nutritional status? (Select
all that apply.)
A. Alert and responsive affect
B. Brittle hair and nails
C. Healthy skin appearance
D. Adequate energy level
E. Bleeding gums
Correct Answers: A, C, D
Rationale: Characteristics of good nutritional status include alertness, healthy skin, and
adequate energy. Brittle hair and nails and bleeding gums are clinical signs of malnutrition or
specific nutrient deficiencies . Apathy (not alertness) is characteristic of poor nutritional status.
5. A nurse is assessing a client for possible vitamin B deficiency. Which clinical finding would
the nurse expect to observe?
A. Night blindness
B. Lesions at the corners of the mouth
C. Muscle weakness
D. Excessive bleeding
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Riboflavin (vitamin B2) deficiency typically presents with angular cheilosis, which
are lesions or cracks at the corners of the mouth . Night blindness is associated with vitamin A
,deficiency. Muscle weakness can have multiple causes. Excessive bleeding is associated with
vitamin K deficiency.
6. The nurse is educating a client about factors that affect nutritional status. Which social
factor should the nurse include in the assessment?
A. Client's blood pressure
B. Client's financial resources and ability to store and prepare food
C. Client's family history of heart disease
D. Client's hemoglobin level
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Social history, including financial resources and the ability to store and prepare
food, is an important component of nutritional assessment . Blood pressure and hemoglobin
are clinical or biochemical data. Family history of heart disease is medical history, not a social
factor.
Chapter 2: Planning a Healthy Diet
7. According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, what is the maximum recommended
weekly weight loss for a healthy individual?
A. 0.5 pound
B. 1 to 1.5 pounds
C. 2 to 3 pounds
D. 4 to 5 pounds
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Safe and sustainable weight loss should not exceed 1 to 1.5 pounds per week .
Faster weight loss may result in loss of lean body mass and is less likely to be maintained.
Options A, C, and D are either too slow to be effective or too rapid to be safe.
8. A client asks the nurse what percentage of total daily calories should come from saturated
fat according to current recommendations. What is the correct response?
A. Less than 5%
B. Less than 10%
C. Less than 15%
D. Less than 20%
Correct Answer: B
, Rationale: The recommendation for saturated fat intake for a healthy individual is less than
10% of total calorie intake . This guideline helps reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Options A, C, and D do not reflect current evidence-based recommendations.
9. Which statement accurately describes a change that occurred with the transition from
MyPyramid to MyPlate?
A. Physical activity recommendations were removed.
B. Fats and oils were left off the new icon.
C. Grain recommendations were eliminated.
D. Dairy products were added.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: With the introduction of MyPlate, fats and oils were left off from the old
MyPyramid icon . The new plate design focuses on the five food groups: fruits, vegetables,
grains, proteins, and dairy. Physical activity was still emphasized separately.
10. A client following a 1,800-calorie diet based on MyPlate should consume approximately
how many cups of fruits and vegetables combined daily?
A. 2 cups
B. 3 cups
C. 4 cups
D. 5 cups
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A 1,800-calorie diet based on MyPlate would require approximately four cups of
fruits and vegetables each day, with slightly more vegetables than fruits . This ensures adequate
intake of fiber, vitamins, and minerals. Options A and B are too low; option D is higher than
needed at this calorie level.
11. When was nutrition labeling made mandatory on packaged foods?
A. 1974
B. 1984
C. 1994
D. 2004
Correct Answer: C
