Hartman’s Nursing Assistant Care: The Basics,
5th Edition
Expanded Original Q&A; Study Guide — Chapters 1–10
Purpose: CNA/nursing-assistant exam preparation, concept review, clinical judgment, safety, and
practice questions.
Important source note: The Stuvia listing is a 328-page, 2022/2023 exam-elaboration document with questions and
answers. Only its publicly visible metadata/topic list was used here. The paid/locked pages were not reproduced.
Originality note: This guide is newly written and expanded. It is not the paid Stuvia document, not an official Hartman
Publishing test bank, and not a collection of verified/actual exam questions.
Original CNA Study Guide • Hartman’s Nursing Assistant Care, 5th Ed. • Chapters 1–10 Page 1
, 1. The Nursing Assistant in Long-Term Care
High-yield concepts
• Understand the NA role, chain of command, resident rights, person-centered care, professionalism, and common
healthcare settings.
• The nursing assistant works under the direction of licensed nursing staff and performs assigned tasks within training,
employer policy, and state scope of practice.
• Person-centered care means adapting care to the resident’s preferences, routines, culture, abilities, goals, and dignity
rather than treating every resident identically.
• Long-term care commonly serves people who need ongoing assistance with activities of daily living, supervision,
rehabilitation, or chronic-condition management.
Memory cue: SAFE CARE — Safety first, Autonomy, Facts/observations, Explain, Comfort, Ask/assess through the proper
chain, Respect, Escalate changes.
Practice Q&A;
Q: What is the safest response when a resident asks the NA to perform a task the NA has not been trained to do?
A: Do not perform the task; explain that you must follow your training and notify the nurse/supervisor.
Why: Working outside training can place the resident and the NA at risk. When uncertain, stop and seek direction.
Q: Which principle best describes person-centered care?
A: Care is planned around the resident’s preferences, needs, abilities, and goals.
Why: Person-centered care preserves autonomy and dignity while supporting safety.
Q: A resident refuses a bath. What should the NA do first?
A: Respect the refusal, ask about the reason, offer choices or another time, and report the refusal according to policy.
Why: Residents generally have the right to participate in decisions about their care.
Original CNA Study Guide • Hartman’s Nursing Assistant Care, 5th Ed. • Chapters 1–10 Page 2
, 2. Foundations of Resident Care
High-yield concepts
• Core foundations include communication, privacy, dignity, infection prevention, body mechanics, safety, documentation,
and observation.
• Use a calm tone, introduce yourself, explain care before beginning, provide privacy, and encourage the resident to do
what they can safely do independently.
• Report changes in condition promptly. NAs are often the staff members who spend the most direct-care time with
residents, making observation essential.
• Documentation should be factual, timely, objective, and completed according to facility policy. Avoid opinions, blame, or
unsupported conclusions.
Memory cue: SAFE CARE — Safety first, Autonomy, Facts/observations, Explain, Comfort, Ask/assess through the proper
chain, Respect, Escalate changes.
Practice Q&A;
Q: Why should an NA explain a procedure before beginning it?
A: To promote understanding, cooperation, dignity, and informed participation.
Why: Residents should know what care is being provided and have opportunities to ask questions.
Q: Which observation should be reported promptly?
A: A new change such as sudden confusion, difficulty breathing, chest pain, unusual bleeding, or a significant change
in responsiveness.
Why: New or worsening findings may signal an urgent change in condition.
Q: Which charting statement is most objective?
A: “Resident ate approximately 50% of lunch and drank 120 mL of water.”
Why: Objective documentation describes observable facts rather than judgments such as “resident ate poorly.”
Original CNA Study Guide • Hartman’s Nursing Assistant Care, 5th Ed. • Chapters 1–10 Page 3
5th Edition
Expanded Original Q&A; Study Guide — Chapters 1–10
Purpose: CNA/nursing-assistant exam preparation, concept review, clinical judgment, safety, and
practice questions.
Important source note: The Stuvia listing is a 328-page, 2022/2023 exam-elaboration document with questions and
answers. Only its publicly visible metadata/topic list was used here. The paid/locked pages were not reproduced.
Originality note: This guide is newly written and expanded. It is not the paid Stuvia document, not an official Hartman
Publishing test bank, and not a collection of verified/actual exam questions.
Original CNA Study Guide • Hartman’s Nursing Assistant Care, 5th Ed. • Chapters 1–10 Page 1
, 1. The Nursing Assistant in Long-Term Care
High-yield concepts
• Understand the NA role, chain of command, resident rights, person-centered care, professionalism, and common
healthcare settings.
• The nursing assistant works under the direction of licensed nursing staff and performs assigned tasks within training,
employer policy, and state scope of practice.
• Person-centered care means adapting care to the resident’s preferences, routines, culture, abilities, goals, and dignity
rather than treating every resident identically.
• Long-term care commonly serves people who need ongoing assistance with activities of daily living, supervision,
rehabilitation, or chronic-condition management.
Memory cue: SAFE CARE — Safety first, Autonomy, Facts/observations, Explain, Comfort, Ask/assess through the proper
chain, Respect, Escalate changes.
Practice Q&A;
Q: What is the safest response when a resident asks the NA to perform a task the NA has not been trained to do?
A: Do not perform the task; explain that you must follow your training and notify the nurse/supervisor.
Why: Working outside training can place the resident and the NA at risk. When uncertain, stop and seek direction.
Q: Which principle best describes person-centered care?
A: Care is planned around the resident’s preferences, needs, abilities, and goals.
Why: Person-centered care preserves autonomy and dignity while supporting safety.
Q: A resident refuses a bath. What should the NA do first?
A: Respect the refusal, ask about the reason, offer choices or another time, and report the refusal according to policy.
Why: Residents generally have the right to participate in decisions about their care.
Original CNA Study Guide • Hartman’s Nursing Assistant Care, 5th Ed. • Chapters 1–10 Page 2
, 2. Foundations of Resident Care
High-yield concepts
• Core foundations include communication, privacy, dignity, infection prevention, body mechanics, safety, documentation,
and observation.
• Use a calm tone, introduce yourself, explain care before beginning, provide privacy, and encourage the resident to do
what they can safely do independently.
• Report changes in condition promptly. NAs are often the staff members who spend the most direct-care time with
residents, making observation essential.
• Documentation should be factual, timely, objective, and completed according to facility policy. Avoid opinions, blame, or
unsupported conclusions.
Memory cue: SAFE CARE — Safety first, Autonomy, Facts/observations, Explain, Comfort, Ask/assess through the proper
chain, Respect, Escalate changes.
Practice Q&A;
Q: Why should an NA explain a procedure before beginning it?
A: To promote understanding, cooperation, dignity, and informed participation.
Why: Residents should know what care is being provided and have opportunities to ask questions.
Q: Which observation should be reported promptly?
A: A new change such as sudden confusion, difficulty breathing, chest pain, unusual bleeding, or a significant change
in responsiveness.
Why: New or worsening findings may signal an urgent change in condition.
Q: Which charting statement is most objective?
A: “Resident ate approximately 50% of lunch and drank 120 mL of water.”
Why: Objective documentation describes observable facts rather than judgments such as “resident ate poorly.”
Original CNA Study Guide • Hartman’s Nursing Assistant Care, 5th Ed. • Chapters 1–10 Page 3
