HONDROS NUR 176 EXAM 1 2026/2027 | NURSING STUDY GUIDE,
EXAM REVIEW & PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Interventions to prevent diabetes - Correct answer ✔✔ Maintain healthy weight, diet and
exercise
Signs of type 1 diabetes - Correct answer ✔✔ 3 polys, blurred vision, cold feet, numbness, shiny
thin skin w/ no hair, age 30 and under, sudden onset, underweight,
Signs of type 2 diabetes - Correct answer ✔✔ No symptoms at first , later develop the 3 polys,
obesity, Nigricans (black line on back of neck) skin tags
S/S of hypoglycemia - Correct answer ✔✔ Fatigue, weakness, irritability, reduce cognition,
tremors, seizures, diaphoresis( sweating)
S/S of hyperglycemia - Correct answer ✔✔ 3 polys, fruity breath
S/S of diabetic ketoacidosis and treatment - Correct answer ✔✔ High BS, high HR, restlessness,
weight loss, fruity breath, kussmaul(fast deep RR) -- treatments; IV regular insulin
First intervention if a pt. Presents with s/s of hypo/hyperglycemia - Correct answer ✔✔ Check
blood sugar
Prevention of long term complications of diabetes - Correct answer ✔✔ Takes meds, daily feet
care, yearly renal test, eye exams every 6 months, LDL less than 150
Dietary teaching for a diabetic patient - Correct answer ✔✔ Meals at the same time every day,
decrease saturated fats, increase exercise , refer pt. To MyPlate learning tool,
Diabetic Pt. should never increase carbs unless... - Correct answer ✔✔ Sugar is low before
exercising
Discharge teaching for diabetic pt. - Correct answer ✔✔ Know hypo/hyperglycemia s/s, know
that stress and illness increase BS , see a diabetic educator, know what the effect of Exercise can
have on Bs
Diabetic foot care - Correct answer ✔✔ Clean w/ soap and warm water, clean socks everyday,
cut toe nails straight across, keep feet dry, no powder or lotion b/t toes , wear shoes , inspect
feet daily, no gardners
Lipid analysis - Correct answer ✔✔ LDL-leas than 100 HDL- more than 40 Triglycerides- more
than 150
, What are low and high levels of HDL indicative of - Correct answer ✔✔ High- insulin resistance,
low- insulin sensitivity
What insulins can not be mixed? - Correct answer ✔✔ Levemir and Lantus ( detemir and
glargine )
How to mix insulin - Correct answer ✔✔ Short acting to long acting, regular to NPH, Clear to
cloudy
Should a nurse hold a patients insulin before consulting a dr? - Correct answer ✔✔ No
No insulin, beta cells are destroyed is a result of ? - Correct answer ✔✔ Diabetes type 1
Beta cells exhaustion , insulin resistance is a result of ? - Correct answer ✔✔ Diabetes type 2
Rapid acting insulin - Correct answer ✔✔ Lispro(Humalog) aspart(Novolog) glulisine(Apidra)
Onset, peak and duration of Novolog and Apidra - Correct answer ✔✔ Onset-15-30, Peak-1-3hr,
duration-3-5hr
onset, peak and duration of humalog - Correct answer ✔✔ Onset-15-30, Peak-1-2hr, duration-3-
4hr
Short acting insulin( regular) - Correct answer ✔✔ Humulin R, Novolin R, ReliOn R, Onset-30-
60 , Peak-2-4hr, duration-6-8hr
Intermediate insulin (NPH) - Correct answer ✔✔ Humulin N, Novolin N, ReliOn N, Onset-1-4hr
Peak-4-12hr, duration-12-16hr
Long acting insulin - Correct answer ✔✔ Lantus and levemir Onset-1-2hr, Peak- none, duration-
24hr
Which insulin is the only one that can be given through IV ? - Correct answer ✔✔ Regular
What is glucagon used for? - Correct answer ✔✔ Makes glucose. Received if BS is low
If a pt. Is lethargic, what form of glucose should be administered? - Correct answer ✔✔
Glucagon gel in cheek
What is Lipohypotrophy and the prevention ? - Correct answer ✔✔ Lump under subcut tissue
due to repeated injections at the same site. Rotate sites
S/s of brain tumor - Correct answer ✔✔ Vision changes, confusion and headache
S/S of traumatic brain injury - Correct answer ✔✔ Blurred vision, personality changes, altered
level of consciousness, slurred speech, confusion, headache, incoordination, weakness /
numbness of legs and arms
EXAM REVIEW & PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Interventions to prevent diabetes - Correct answer ✔✔ Maintain healthy weight, diet and
exercise
Signs of type 1 diabetes - Correct answer ✔✔ 3 polys, blurred vision, cold feet, numbness, shiny
thin skin w/ no hair, age 30 and under, sudden onset, underweight,
Signs of type 2 diabetes - Correct answer ✔✔ No symptoms at first , later develop the 3 polys,
obesity, Nigricans (black line on back of neck) skin tags
S/S of hypoglycemia - Correct answer ✔✔ Fatigue, weakness, irritability, reduce cognition,
tremors, seizures, diaphoresis( sweating)
S/S of hyperglycemia - Correct answer ✔✔ 3 polys, fruity breath
S/S of diabetic ketoacidosis and treatment - Correct answer ✔✔ High BS, high HR, restlessness,
weight loss, fruity breath, kussmaul(fast deep RR) -- treatments; IV regular insulin
First intervention if a pt. Presents with s/s of hypo/hyperglycemia - Correct answer ✔✔ Check
blood sugar
Prevention of long term complications of diabetes - Correct answer ✔✔ Takes meds, daily feet
care, yearly renal test, eye exams every 6 months, LDL less than 150
Dietary teaching for a diabetic patient - Correct answer ✔✔ Meals at the same time every day,
decrease saturated fats, increase exercise , refer pt. To MyPlate learning tool,
Diabetic Pt. should never increase carbs unless... - Correct answer ✔✔ Sugar is low before
exercising
Discharge teaching for diabetic pt. - Correct answer ✔✔ Know hypo/hyperglycemia s/s, know
that stress and illness increase BS , see a diabetic educator, know what the effect of Exercise can
have on Bs
Diabetic foot care - Correct answer ✔✔ Clean w/ soap and warm water, clean socks everyday,
cut toe nails straight across, keep feet dry, no powder or lotion b/t toes , wear shoes , inspect
feet daily, no gardners
Lipid analysis - Correct answer ✔✔ LDL-leas than 100 HDL- more than 40 Triglycerides- more
than 150
, What are low and high levels of HDL indicative of - Correct answer ✔✔ High- insulin resistance,
low- insulin sensitivity
What insulins can not be mixed? - Correct answer ✔✔ Levemir and Lantus ( detemir and
glargine )
How to mix insulin - Correct answer ✔✔ Short acting to long acting, regular to NPH, Clear to
cloudy
Should a nurse hold a patients insulin before consulting a dr? - Correct answer ✔✔ No
No insulin, beta cells are destroyed is a result of ? - Correct answer ✔✔ Diabetes type 1
Beta cells exhaustion , insulin resistance is a result of ? - Correct answer ✔✔ Diabetes type 2
Rapid acting insulin - Correct answer ✔✔ Lispro(Humalog) aspart(Novolog) glulisine(Apidra)
Onset, peak and duration of Novolog and Apidra - Correct answer ✔✔ Onset-15-30, Peak-1-3hr,
duration-3-5hr
onset, peak and duration of humalog - Correct answer ✔✔ Onset-15-30, Peak-1-2hr, duration-3-
4hr
Short acting insulin( regular) - Correct answer ✔✔ Humulin R, Novolin R, ReliOn R, Onset-30-
60 , Peak-2-4hr, duration-6-8hr
Intermediate insulin (NPH) - Correct answer ✔✔ Humulin N, Novolin N, ReliOn N, Onset-1-4hr
Peak-4-12hr, duration-12-16hr
Long acting insulin - Correct answer ✔✔ Lantus and levemir Onset-1-2hr, Peak- none, duration-
24hr
Which insulin is the only one that can be given through IV ? - Correct answer ✔✔ Regular
What is glucagon used for? - Correct answer ✔✔ Makes glucose. Received if BS is low
If a pt. Is lethargic, what form of glucose should be administered? - Correct answer ✔✔
Glucagon gel in cheek
What is Lipohypotrophy and the prevention ? - Correct answer ✔✔ Lump under subcut tissue
due to repeated injections at the same site. Rotate sites
S/s of brain tumor - Correct answer ✔✔ Vision changes, confusion and headache
S/S of traumatic brain injury - Correct answer ✔✔ Blurred vision, personality changes, altered
level of consciousness, slurred speech, confusion, headache, incoordination, weakness /
numbness of legs and arms
