PNB 2265 PRACTICAL 2 EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
alveoli - Correct Answers -where does gas exchange occur
emphysema - Correct Answers -a pathological condition characterized by destruction of
the respiratory bronchioles and alveoli
tuberculosis - Correct Answers -the result of fibrous scar tissue formation; destruction of
alveoli
spirometry - Correct Answers -a method to experimentally determine pulmonary
functions
PCO2, HCO3 - Correct Answers -blood pH level is regulated by controlling ___ and ___
levels
high PCO2 - Correct Answers -respiratory acidosis results from
excess CO2 in inspired air, decreased alveolar ventilation, increased production of CO2
- Correct Answers -respiratory acidosis causes (3)
hypercatabolic disorders - Correct Answers -increased production of CO2 caused by
central respiratory depression, nerve/muscle disorders, lung/chest defects, airway
obstructions - Correct Answers -decreased alveolar ventilation caused by (4)
reduced PCO2 - Correct Answers -respiratory alkalosis results from
increased alveolar ventilation, hypoxaemia, pulmonary abnormalities, lactogenic effects
on ventilation - Correct Answers -causes of respiratory alkalosis (4)
<7.35 - Correct Answers -acidosis pH
>7.35 - Correct Answers -alkalosis pH
metabolic alkalosis - Correct Answers -pH>7.35, HCO3 > 26
respiratory alkalosis - Correct Answers -pH > 7.35, PCO2 < 35
respiratory (PCO2 > 45) - Correct Answers -metabolic alkalosis leads to ___
compensation
, renal (HCO3 < 22) - Correct Answers -respiratory alkalosis leads to ___ compensation
metabolic acidosis - Correct Answers -pH <7.35, HCO3 < 22
respiratory acidosis - Correct Answers -pH < 7.35, PCO2 > 45
respiratory (PCO2 <35) - Correct Answers -metabolic acidosis leads to ___
compensation
renal (HCO3 > 26) - Correct Answers -respiratory acidosis leads to __ compensation
35-45 - Correct Answers -normal range for PCO2
22-26 - Correct Answers -normal range for HCO3
peristalsis - Correct Answers -propel contents of GI tract
segmentation - Correct Answers -mix contents of GI tract
slow wave potential (phasic AP firing) - Correct Answers -pacemaker cells of GI tract
create
acetylcholine - Correct Answers -parasympathetic innervation of GI tract, binds to M2
receptor
histamine - Correct Answers -paracrine hormone of GI tract
Nifedipine - Correct Answers -calcium channel blocker of GI tract
passive transport - Correct Answers -no energy input, down concentration gradient
active transport - Correct Answers -requires energy, against concentration gradient
sodium potassium pump - Correct Answers -primary active transport example
sodium glucose cotransporter - Correct Answers -secondary active transport example
glucose transporter - Correct Answers -facilitated diffusion example
filtration - Correct Answers -bulk flow of protein free plasma from glomerular capillaries
into Bowman's space
reabsorption - Correct Answers -back into blood, materials to be retained (vitamins,
amino acids, glucose, etc)
secretion - Correct Answers -transport of materials into tubule for excretion
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
alveoli - Correct Answers -where does gas exchange occur
emphysema - Correct Answers -a pathological condition characterized by destruction of
the respiratory bronchioles and alveoli
tuberculosis - Correct Answers -the result of fibrous scar tissue formation; destruction of
alveoli
spirometry - Correct Answers -a method to experimentally determine pulmonary
functions
PCO2, HCO3 - Correct Answers -blood pH level is regulated by controlling ___ and ___
levels
high PCO2 - Correct Answers -respiratory acidosis results from
excess CO2 in inspired air, decreased alveolar ventilation, increased production of CO2
- Correct Answers -respiratory acidosis causes (3)
hypercatabolic disorders - Correct Answers -increased production of CO2 caused by
central respiratory depression, nerve/muscle disorders, lung/chest defects, airway
obstructions - Correct Answers -decreased alveolar ventilation caused by (4)
reduced PCO2 - Correct Answers -respiratory alkalosis results from
increased alveolar ventilation, hypoxaemia, pulmonary abnormalities, lactogenic effects
on ventilation - Correct Answers -causes of respiratory alkalosis (4)
<7.35 - Correct Answers -acidosis pH
>7.35 - Correct Answers -alkalosis pH
metabolic alkalosis - Correct Answers -pH>7.35, HCO3 > 26
respiratory alkalosis - Correct Answers -pH > 7.35, PCO2 < 35
respiratory (PCO2 > 45) - Correct Answers -metabolic alkalosis leads to ___
compensation
, renal (HCO3 < 22) - Correct Answers -respiratory alkalosis leads to ___ compensation
metabolic acidosis - Correct Answers -pH <7.35, HCO3 < 22
respiratory acidosis - Correct Answers -pH < 7.35, PCO2 > 45
respiratory (PCO2 <35) - Correct Answers -metabolic acidosis leads to ___
compensation
renal (HCO3 > 26) - Correct Answers -respiratory acidosis leads to __ compensation
35-45 - Correct Answers -normal range for PCO2
22-26 - Correct Answers -normal range for HCO3
peristalsis - Correct Answers -propel contents of GI tract
segmentation - Correct Answers -mix contents of GI tract
slow wave potential (phasic AP firing) - Correct Answers -pacemaker cells of GI tract
create
acetylcholine - Correct Answers -parasympathetic innervation of GI tract, binds to M2
receptor
histamine - Correct Answers -paracrine hormone of GI tract
Nifedipine - Correct Answers -calcium channel blocker of GI tract
passive transport - Correct Answers -no energy input, down concentration gradient
active transport - Correct Answers -requires energy, against concentration gradient
sodium potassium pump - Correct Answers -primary active transport example
sodium glucose cotransporter - Correct Answers -secondary active transport example
glucose transporter - Correct Answers -facilitated diffusion example
filtration - Correct Answers -bulk flow of protein free plasma from glomerular capillaries
into Bowman's space
reabsorption - Correct Answers -back into blood, materials to be retained (vitamins,
amino acids, glucose, etc)
secretion - Correct Answers -transport of materials into tubule for excretion
