PSI FNP|PSI FNP EXAM ACTUAL EXAM 2026 LATEST
UPDATE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
male: LH stimulates the testicles to produce testosterone
ACTH - ANS-stimulates the adrenal glands (medulla and cortex)
production of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids
Hypothyroidism - ANS-TSH >5.0
low free T4
low T3
subclinical hypothyroidism - ANS-TSH >5.0
normal free T4
normal T3
Hyperthyroidism - ANS-TSH <0.05
high free T4
high T3
subclinical hyperthyroidism - ANS-TSH <0.05
normal free T4
normal T3
Tx for hyperthyroidism - ANS-Methimazole- shrinks thyroid glad/decreases hormone
production
PTU (prophylthiouracil)- shrinks thyroid gland/decreases hormone production, preferred tx
for moderate to severe hyperthyroidism (can cause liver failure)
radioactive iodine - ANS-therapy for hyperthyroidism
,contraindicated in pregnancy and lactation
permanent destruction of thyroid gland
most common reason for chronic renal failure requiring dialysis and lower limb amputations in
the US - ANS-Diabetes
snacks for exercise for pt with diabetes - ANS-eat simple carbs (candy, juice) before or during
exercise
eat complex carbs (granola bar) after exercise (avoid postexercise hypoglycemia)
Dawn phenomenon- diabetes - ANS-Dawn phenomenon (normal process)
-Morning hyperglycemia present on awakening
-Due to release of counterregulatory hormones in predawn hours
If the 2:00 to 4:00 AM blood glucose level is high, the insulin dosage should be increased. In
addition, counsel the patient on appropriate bedtime snacks
Rapid acting insulin - ANS-humalog (insulin lispro)
short-acting insulin (regular) - ANS-humulin R
basal insulin - ANS-peaks in 1 hour and then steady level for most of the day
Humulin N
Lantus (insulin glargine), Levemir (insulin detemir)
Primary prevention for high risk for T2DM - ANS-encourage weight loss (7% of body weight)
regular physical activity (150min/week)
increase dietary fiber and foods with whole grains
Insulin facts - ANS-Rapid-acting insulin covers "one meal at a time"
,Regular insulin lasts "from meal to meal"
NPH insulin lasts "from breakfast to dinner"
Lantus is "once a day"
symptoms of hypothyroidism - ANS-alopecia of outer third of eyebrow
myxedema
Graves disease symptoms - ANS-lid lag wis a symptom of graves
people with sublicinical and over hyperthyroidism are at higher risk of - ANS-bone
(osteopenia/osteoporosis) and cardiac (atrial fibrillation) complications
what to check with new-onset A fib? - ANS-check TSH
Sucralfate (Carafate) - ANS-used to protect the stomach lining by building a protective layer
over the stomach lining, it allows healing to occur
findings associated with diabetic retinopathy? - ANS-microaneurysms
findings associated with uncontrolled hypertension? - ANS-AV (arteriovenous) nicking, copper
wire arterioles, and flame hemorrhages
Somogyi phenomenon - ANS-aka rebound effect
caused by too much insulin (or missing a meal or snack) in the evening, which results in
hypoglycemia in the ear morning (2-3am). the body compensates by secreting glucagon (from
the liver) and epinephrine, which results in high blood glucose levels in the morning.
Cushing's syndrome - ANS-caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol (excess
androgens, not estrogen)
associated with delayed puberty and growth failure in children and adolescents
, Gynecomastia
gold standard for diagnosing Hashimoto's thyroiditis - ANS-Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) levels
normal TOP <35
symptoms of low iodine - ANS-weight gain, lethargy, and goiter
Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) - ANS-not to be used with patients who have a history of bladder
cancer or heart failure
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - ANS-A form of hyperglycemia in uncontrolled diabetes in which
certain acids accumulate when insulin is not available
what to do thiazide diuretics do to blood sugar? - ANS-associated with hyperglycemia
Pheochromocytoma - ANS-a benign tumor of the adrenal medulla that causes the gland to
produce excess epinephrine
symptoms: hypertension, diaphoresis (including sweaty palms), headaches, tachycardia,
hyperglycemia, hypermetabolism, and weight loss
Alarming findings of GERD (ALARMS) - ANS-ALARMS
Anemia (iron deficiency)
loss of weight (involuntary)
anorexia (persistent)
recent onset of progressive symptoms in absence of increasing risks and with previously helpful
therapy
melena (tarry/blood stools) or hematemesis (vomiting bright red blood)
swallowing difficulty (dysphagia [difficulty swallowing], odynophagia [painful swallowing])
1st line GERD treatment - ANS-Acid suppression
PPI- taken once a day prior to first meal of the day for maximum effect
H2RA- alternative to PPI
lifestyle therapies for GERD - ANS-weight loss in overweigh or obesity
UPDATE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
male: LH stimulates the testicles to produce testosterone
ACTH - ANS-stimulates the adrenal glands (medulla and cortex)
production of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids
Hypothyroidism - ANS-TSH >5.0
low free T4
low T3
subclinical hypothyroidism - ANS-TSH >5.0
normal free T4
normal T3
Hyperthyroidism - ANS-TSH <0.05
high free T4
high T3
subclinical hyperthyroidism - ANS-TSH <0.05
normal free T4
normal T3
Tx for hyperthyroidism - ANS-Methimazole- shrinks thyroid glad/decreases hormone
production
PTU (prophylthiouracil)- shrinks thyroid gland/decreases hormone production, preferred tx
for moderate to severe hyperthyroidism (can cause liver failure)
radioactive iodine - ANS-therapy for hyperthyroidism
,contraindicated in pregnancy and lactation
permanent destruction of thyroid gland
most common reason for chronic renal failure requiring dialysis and lower limb amputations in
the US - ANS-Diabetes
snacks for exercise for pt with diabetes - ANS-eat simple carbs (candy, juice) before or during
exercise
eat complex carbs (granola bar) after exercise (avoid postexercise hypoglycemia)
Dawn phenomenon- diabetes - ANS-Dawn phenomenon (normal process)
-Morning hyperglycemia present on awakening
-Due to release of counterregulatory hormones in predawn hours
If the 2:00 to 4:00 AM blood glucose level is high, the insulin dosage should be increased. In
addition, counsel the patient on appropriate bedtime snacks
Rapid acting insulin - ANS-humalog (insulin lispro)
short-acting insulin (regular) - ANS-humulin R
basal insulin - ANS-peaks in 1 hour and then steady level for most of the day
Humulin N
Lantus (insulin glargine), Levemir (insulin detemir)
Primary prevention for high risk for T2DM - ANS-encourage weight loss (7% of body weight)
regular physical activity (150min/week)
increase dietary fiber and foods with whole grains
Insulin facts - ANS-Rapid-acting insulin covers "one meal at a time"
,Regular insulin lasts "from meal to meal"
NPH insulin lasts "from breakfast to dinner"
Lantus is "once a day"
symptoms of hypothyroidism - ANS-alopecia of outer third of eyebrow
myxedema
Graves disease symptoms - ANS-lid lag wis a symptom of graves
people with sublicinical and over hyperthyroidism are at higher risk of - ANS-bone
(osteopenia/osteoporosis) and cardiac (atrial fibrillation) complications
what to check with new-onset A fib? - ANS-check TSH
Sucralfate (Carafate) - ANS-used to protect the stomach lining by building a protective layer
over the stomach lining, it allows healing to occur
findings associated with diabetic retinopathy? - ANS-microaneurysms
findings associated with uncontrolled hypertension? - ANS-AV (arteriovenous) nicking, copper
wire arterioles, and flame hemorrhages
Somogyi phenomenon - ANS-aka rebound effect
caused by too much insulin (or missing a meal or snack) in the evening, which results in
hypoglycemia in the ear morning (2-3am). the body compensates by secreting glucagon (from
the liver) and epinephrine, which results in high blood glucose levels in the morning.
Cushing's syndrome - ANS-caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol (excess
androgens, not estrogen)
associated with delayed puberty and growth failure in children and adolescents
, Gynecomastia
gold standard for diagnosing Hashimoto's thyroiditis - ANS-Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) levels
normal TOP <35
symptoms of low iodine - ANS-weight gain, lethargy, and goiter
Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) - ANS-not to be used with patients who have a history of bladder
cancer or heart failure
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - ANS-A form of hyperglycemia in uncontrolled diabetes in which
certain acids accumulate when insulin is not available
what to do thiazide diuretics do to blood sugar? - ANS-associated with hyperglycemia
Pheochromocytoma - ANS-a benign tumor of the adrenal medulla that causes the gland to
produce excess epinephrine
symptoms: hypertension, diaphoresis (including sweaty palms), headaches, tachycardia,
hyperglycemia, hypermetabolism, and weight loss
Alarming findings of GERD (ALARMS) - ANS-ALARMS
Anemia (iron deficiency)
loss of weight (involuntary)
anorexia (persistent)
recent onset of progressive symptoms in absence of increasing risks and with previously helpful
therapy
melena (tarry/blood stools) or hematemesis (vomiting bright red blood)
swallowing difficulty (dysphagia [difficulty swallowing], odynophagia [painful swallowing])
1st line GERD treatment - ANS-Acid suppression
PPI- taken once a day prior to first meal of the day for maximum effect
H2RA- alternative to PPI
lifestyle therapies for GERD - ANS-weight loss in overweigh or obesity
