NERC Exam | Actual Questions and Answers Latest Updated
2026/2027 (Graded A+)
•
Actual Net Interchange
- ✔✔The sum of actual MW transfer across all lines to and from adjacent BA areas within the
same Interconnection
•
Adverse Reliability Impact
- ✔✔The impact of an event that results in frequency related instability
•
Ancillary Service
- ✔✔Services that are necessary to support the transmission of capacity and energy from
resources to loads while maintaining reliable operation of the transmission system
•
Anti-Aliasing Filter
- ✔✔An analog filter installed at a metering point to remove the high frequency components
of the signal over the AGC sample period.
•
Area Control Error
- ✔✔The instantaneous difference between a Balancing Authority's net actual and
scheduled interchange, taking into account the effects of Frequency Bias, correction for
meter error, and Automatic Time Error Correction (ATEC), if operating in the ATEC mode.
ATEC is only applicable to Balancing Authorities in the Western Interconnection.
•
Arranged Interchange
- ✔✔The state where a Request for Interchange (initial or revised) has been submitted for
approval.
•
Automatic Generation Control
- ✔✔Equipment that automatically adjusts generation in a Balancing Authority Area from a
central location to maintain the Balancing Authority's interchange schedule plus Frequency
Bias. AGC may also accommodate automatic inadvertent payback and time error correction.
•
Available Flowgate Capability
- ✔✔A measure of the flow capability remaining on a Flowgate for further commercial
activity over and above already committed uses. It is defined as TFC less Existing
Transmission Commitments (ETC), less a Capacity Benefit Margin, less a Transmission
Reliability Margin, plus Postbacks, and plus counterflows.
, •
Available Transfer Capability
- ✔✔A measure of the transfer capability remaining in the physical transmission network for
further commercial activity over and above already committed uses. It is defined as Total
Transfer Capability less Existing Transmission Commitments (including retail customer
service), less a Capacity Benefit Margin, less a Transmission Reliability Margin, plus
Postbacks, plus counterflows.
•
Balancing Authority
- ✔✔The responsible entity that integrates resource plans ahead of time, maintains
load-interchange-generation balance within a Balancing Authority Area, and supports
Interconnection frequency in real time.
•
Balancing Authority Area
- ✔✔The collection of generation, transmission, and loads within the metered boundaries of
the Balancing Authority. The Balancing Authority maintains load-resource balance within
this area.
•
Base Load
- ✔✔The minimum amount of electric power delivered or required over a given period at a
constant rate.
•
Blackstart Resource
- ✔✔A generating unit(s) and its associated set of equipment which has the ability to be
started without support from the System or is designed to remain energized without
connection to the remainder of the System, with the ability to energize a bus, meeting the
Transmission Operator's restoration plan needs for real and reactive power capability,
frequency and voltage control, and that has been included in the Transmission Operator's
restoration plan.
•
Block Dispatch
- ✔✔A set of dispatch rules such that given a specific amount of load to serve, an
approximate generation dispatch can be determined. To accomplish this, the capacity of a
given generator is segmented into loadable "blocks," each of which is grouped and ordered
relative to other blocks (based on characteristics including, but not limited to, efficiency, run
of river or fuel supply considerations, and/or "must-run" status).
•
Bulk Electric System
- ✔✔All transmission elements operated at 100 kV or higher and Real Power and Reactive
Power resources connected at 100 kV or higher
2026/2027 (Graded A+)
•
Actual Net Interchange
- ✔✔The sum of actual MW transfer across all lines to and from adjacent BA areas within the
same Interconnection
•
Adverse Reliability Impact
- ✔✔The impact of an event that results in frequency related instability
•
Ancillary Service
- ✔✔Services that are necessary to support the transmission of capacity and energy from
resources to loads while maintaining reliable operation of the transmission system
•
Anti-Aliasing Filter
- ✔✔An analog filter installed at a metering point to remove the high frequency components
of the signal over the AGC sample period.
•
Area Control Error
- ✔✔The instantaneous difference between a Balancing Authority's net actual and
scheduled interchange, taking into account the effects of Frequency Bias, correction for
meter error, and Automatic Time Error Correction (ATEC), if operating in the ATEC mode.
ATEC is only applicable to Balancing Authorities in the Western Interconnection.
•
Arranged Interchange
- ✔✔The state where a Request for Interchange (initial or revised) has been submitted for
approval.
•
Automatic Generation Control
- ✔✔Equipment that automatically adjusts generation in a Balancing Authority Area from a
central location to maintain the Balancing Authority's interchange schedule plus Frequency
Bias. AGC may also accommodate automatic inadvertent payback and time error correction.
•
Available Flowgate Capability
- ✔✔A measure of the flow capability remaining on a Flowgate for further commercial
activity over and above already committed uses. It is defined as TFC less Existing
Transmission Commitments (ETC), less a Capacity Benefit Margin, less a Transmission
Reliability Margin, plus Postbacks, and plus counterflows.
, •
Available Transfer Capability
- ✔✔A measure of the transfer capability remaining in the physical transmission network for
further commercial activity over and above already committed uses. It is defined as Total
Transfer Capability less Existing Transmission Commitments (including retail customer
service), less a Capacity Benefit Margin, less a Transmission Reliability Margin, plus
Postbacks, plus counterflows.
•
Balancing Authority
- ✔✔The responsible entity that integrates resource plans ahead of time, maintains
load-interchange-generation balance within a Balancing Authority Area, and supports
Interconnection frequency in real time.
•
Balancing Authority Area
- ✔✔The collection of generation, transmission, and loads within the metered boundaries of
the Balancing Authority. The Balancing Authority maintains load-resource balance within
this area.
•
Base Load
- ✔✔The minimum amount of electric power delivered or required over a given period at a
constant rate.
•
Blackstart Resource
- ✔✔A generating unit(s) and its associated set of equipment which has the ability to be
started without support from the System or is designed to remain energized without
connection to the remainder of the System, with the ability to energize a bus, meeting the
Transmission Operator's restoration plan needs for real and reactive power capability,
frequency and voltage control, and that has been included in the Transmission Operator's
restoration plan.
•
Block Dispatch
- ✔✔A set of dispatch rules such that given a specific amount of load to serve, an
approximate generation dispatch can be determined. To accomplish this, the capacity of a
given generator is segmented into loadable "blocks," each of which is grouped and ordered
relative to other blocks (based on characteristics including, but not limited to, efficiency, run
of river or fuel supply considerations, and/or "must-run" status).
•
Bulk Electric System
- ✔✔All transmission elements operated at 100 kV or higher and Real Power and Reactive
Power resources connected at 100 kV or higher
