PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 1 Rasmussen Frequently Tested Actual
Questions and Answers
Question 1.
drugs that produce a response
Correct Answer: agonist
Question 2.
drugs that prevent or block a response
Correct Answer: antagonist
Question 3.
What is the therapuetic window?
Correct Answer: level of the drug between minimal effective concentration in
the plasma for obtaining desired drug response and the minimal toxic
concentration
Question 4.
What is half life?
Correct Answer: The time it takes for one half of the drug concentration to be
eliminated from the body is
Question 5.
If a drug has a long half life, how often should it be taken?
Correct Answer: once per day
Question 6.
What is a patient on two highly protein bound drugs at risk for?
Correct Answer: accumulation and toxicity
Question 7.
What is tolerance?
Correct Answer: a decreased responsiveness over the course of therapy, which
may lead to the need to increase dosages to attain the same effect
,Question 8.
What makes drugs fit into the same "Class"
Correct Answer: -related by chemical structure -work in the same way -used for
the same purpose
Question 9.
Before administering beta blockers, you should check what two vital signs?
Correct Answer: Heart rate Blood pressure
Question 10.
Who would you not give a beta blocker to? Why?
Correct Answer: Asthmatic; bronchospasm
Question 11.
What kind of drug is metoclopramide (Reglan)
Correct Answer: cholinergic
Question 12.
Cholinergics do what to the body? (SLUD)
Correct Answer: Salivation Lacrimation Urination Defecation
Question 13.
Anticholinergics do what to the body
Correct Answer: Can't see, Can't spit, Can't pee, Can't shit
Question 14.
Symptoms of cholinergic crisis
Correct Answer: Flushing, Sweating, Nausea, Abdominal cramps
Question 15.
What drug would you give to treat cholinergic crisis?
Correct Answer: atropine
,Question 16.
Anticholinergics are contraindicated in which clients?
Correct Answer: -coronary artery disease (Increase heart rate) -GI obstruction
(constipates) -supraventricular tachycardia (increased heart rate)
Question 17.
CNS stimulants are contraindicated in which clients?
Correct Answer: -coronary artery disease (cause vasoconstriction=heart attack)
-Hypertension (additive hypertension=stroke)
Question 18.
Most common side effects of methylphenidate (Ritalin)
Correct Answer: -irritability -insomnia -weight loss -decreased appetite
Question 19.
Signs of hemorrhagic stroke
Correct Answer: -increased B/P -increased heart rate -increased respiratory rate
-unresponsive to deep pain
Question 20.
Benzodiazepines increase the activity of which neurotransmitter
Correct Answer: GABA
Question 21.
Reversal agent of benzodiazepines
Correct Answer: Flumazenil
Question 22.
zolpidem (Ambien) side effects
Correct Answer: -sedative/hypnotic (nonbenzodiazepine) -suicidal ideation
-dependence -abnormal behavior
Question 23.
What is the drug of choice for treating status epilepticus
Correct Answer: diazepam
, Question 24.
phenytoin (Dilantin) side effects
Correct Answer: GINGIVAL HYPERPLASIA -treat seizures -cause high blood sugar
-cause birth defects -decrease effectiveness of anticoagulants
Question 25.
When a client is on phenytoin (Dilantin) what are some nursing interventions
Correct Answer: -monitor for narrow therapeutic index (frequent blood test)
-take as prescribed -oral care -teach pt to use barrier contraceptives along with
oral
Question 26.
What is the therapeutic range for phenytoin (Dilantin)
Correct Answer: 10-20 ug/mL
Question 27.
What does valproic acid (Depakote) treat?
Correct Answer: seizures, mania associated with bipolar, migraines
Question 28.
Side effects of valproic acid (Depakote)
Correct Answer: Can cause hepatotoxicity
Question 29.
What is valproic acid (Depakote)'s therapeutic range
Correct Answer: 50-125 ug/mL
Question 30.
Patient education valproic acid (Depakote)
Correct Answer: Must have liver enzymes and blood levels checked regularly
Question 31.
Benzodiazepines can lead to what?
Correct Answer: -tolerance -dependence -withdrawl
Questions and Answers
Question 1.
drugs that produce a response
Correct Answer: agonist
Question 2.
drugs that prevent or block a response
Correct Answer: antagonist
Question 3.
What is the therapuetic window?
Correct Answer: level of the drug between minimal effective concentration in
the plasma for obtaining desired drug response and the minimal toxic
concentration
Question 4.
What is half life?
Correct Answer: The time it takes for one half of the drug concentration to be
eliminated from the body is
Question 5.
If a drug has a long half life, how often should it be taken?
Correct Answer: once per day
Question 6.
What is a patient on two highly protein bound drugs at risk for?
Correct Answer: accumulation and toxicity
Question 7.
What is tolerance?
Correct Answer: a decreased responsiveness over the course of therapy, which
may lead to the need to increase dosages to attain the same effect
,Question 8.
What makes drugs fit into the same "Class"
Correct Answer: -related by chemical structure -work in the same way -used for
the same purpose
Question 9.
Before administering beta blockers, you should check what two vital signs?
Correct Answer: Heart rate Blood pressure
Question 10.
Who would you not give a beta blocker to? Why?
Correct Answer: Asthmatic; bronchospasm
Question 11.
What kind of drug is metoclopramide (Reglan)
Correct Answer: cholinergic
Question 12.
Cholinergics do what to the body? (SLUD)
Correct Answer: Salivation Lacrimation Urination Defecation
Question 13.
Anticholinergics do what to the body
Correct Answer: Can't see, Can't spit, Can't pee, Can't shit
Question 14.
Symptoms of cholinergic crisis
Correct Answer: Flushing, Sweating, Nausea, Abdominal cramps
Question 15.
What drug would you give to treat cholinergic crisis?
Correct Answer: atropine
,Question 16.
Anticholinergics are contraindicated in which clients?
Correct Answer: -coronary artery disease (Increase heart rate) -GI obstruction
(constipates) -supraventricular tachycardia (increased heart rate)
Question 17.
CNS stimulants are contraindicated in which clients?
Correct Answer: -coronary artery disease (cause vasoconstriction=heart attack)
-Hypertension (additive hypertension=stroke)
Question 18.
Most common side effects of methylphenidate (Ritalin)
Correct Answer: -irritability -insomnia -weight loss -decreased appetite
Question 19.
Signs of hemorrhagic stroke
Correct Answer: -increased B/P -increased heart rate -increased respiratory rate
-unresponsive to deep pain
Question 20.
Benzodiazepines increase the activity of which neurotransmitter
Correct Answer: GABA
Question 21.
Reversal agent of benzodiazepines
Correct Answer: Flumazenil
Question 22.
zolpidem (Ambien) side effects
Correct Answer: -sedative/hypnotic (nonbenzodiazepine) -suicidal ideation
-dependence -abnormal behavior
Question 23.
What is the drug of choice for treating status epilepticus
Correct Answer: diazepam
, Question 24.
phenytoin (Dilantin) side effects
Correct Answer: GINGIVAL HYPERPLASIA -treat seizures -cause high blood sugar
-cause birth defects -decrease effectiveness of anticoagulants
Question 25.
When a client is on phenytoin (Dilantin) what are some nursing interventions
Correct Answer: -monitor for narrow therapeutic index (frequent blood test)
-take as prescribed -oral care -teach pt to use barrier contraceptives along with
oral
Question 26.
What is the therapeutic range for phenytoin (Dilantin)
Correct Answer: 10-20 ug/mL
Question 27.
What does valproic acid (Depakote) treat?
Correct Answer: seizures, mania associated with bipolar, migraines
Question 28.
Side effects of valproic acid (Depakote)
Correct Answer: Can cause hepatotoxicity
Question 29.
What is valproic acid (Depakote)'s therapeutic range
Correct Answer: 50-125 ug/mL
Question 30.
Patient education valproic acid (Depakote)
Correct Answer: Must have liver enzymes and blood levels checked regularly
Question 31.
Benzodiazepines can lead to what?
Correct Answer: -tolerance -dependence -withdrawl
