PE praxis 5095
Anatomy and physiology - answer Structure or function of the body/ working system
exercise physiology - answer focuses on the changes in function and structure caused
by exercise
biomechanics - answer A study that uses principals of physics to quantitatively study
how forces interact within a living body.
kinesiology - answer study of human movement
motor learning - answer Repeated practice of motor control processes, which lead to a
change in the ability to produce complex movements.
motor development - answerThe development of action and coordination of ones limbs,
as well as the development of strength, posture control, balance and perceptual skills
agonist - answermuscles that causes motion
antagonist - answerA muscle that can move the joint opposite to the movement
produced by the agonist. EX biceps - triceps, back- chest, shoulders-chest and back,
quad-hamstring
isokinetic - answerMM pulling and holding weight. Resisting weight while lengthening
muscle. EX exercise bike
Isotonic - answerMM lifting constant amount of weight at different speeds through ROM
dynamic - answerMM The contractions of a muscle resulting in movement. Concentric
and eccentric contraction are considered dynamic movements.
isometric - answerMM The contraction of a muscle without significant movement, also
referred to as static tension EX leg extension no weight
Anatomical Position - answerPOS Forward facing and palms out
distal - answerPOS farthest from body part referenced
proximal - answerPOS closest to referenced body part. EX shoulder closer to neck than
fingers
superior - answerPOS body part above another EX knees above toes
, lateral - answerPOS away from sagittal midline of body EX arms out laying down
medial - answerPOS toward sagittal midline of body EX arms resting
origin - answermuscle attachment that moves least, generally more proximal.
insertion - answermuscle attachment that moves most, generally more distal.
abduction - answerMOV Lateral movement away from the midline of the body. EX arms
up
adduction - answerMOV Medial movement toward the midline of the body. EX arms
down
circumduction - answerMOV circular movement (combining flexion, extension,
adduction, and abduction) with no shaft rotation
extension - answerMOV straightening of the joint to increase the angle
eversion - answerMOV moving sole of foot away from medial plane
flexion - answerMOV the bending of the joint to decrease the angle
hyperextension - answerMOV the extension of a joint past the anatomical position
inversion - answerMOV moving sole of foot toward the medial plane
pronation - answerMOV Internal rotation resulting in appendage facing downward
supination - answerMOV External rotation resulting in appendage facing upward
rotation - answerMOV Rotary movement around the longitudinal axis of the bone
Newtons 1st Law - answerNewton object stays at rest unless acted upon
Newtons 2nd Law - answerNewton heavier objects require more force to move.
Force=Mass X Acceleration
Newtons 3rd Law - answerNewton for every reaction, there is an equal and opposite
reaction
Inertia - answertendency of body to maintain a state of rest unless acted upon
Velocity - answerspeed and direction of the body
Anatomy and physiology - answer Structure or function of the body/ working system
exercise physiology - answer focuses on the changes in function and structure caused
by exercise
biomechanics - answer A study that uses principals of physics to quantitatively study
how forces interact within a living body.
kinesiology - answer study of human movement
motor learning - answer Repeated practice of motor control processes, which lead to a
change in the ability to produce complex movements.
motor development - answerThe development of action and coordination of ones limbs,
as well as the development of strength, posture control, balance and perceptual skills
agonist - answermuscles that causes motion
antagonist - answerA muscle that can move the joint opposite to the movement
produced by the agonist. EX biceps - triceps, back- chest, shoulders-chest and back,
quad-hamstring
isokinetic - answerMM pulling and holding weight. Resisting weight while lengthening
muscle. EX exercise bike
Isotonic - answerMM lifting constant amount of weight at different speeds through ROM
dynamic - answerMM The contractions of a muscle resulting in movement. Concentric
and eccentric contraction are considered dynamic movements.
isometric - answerMM The contraction of a muscle without significant movement, also
referred to as static tension EX leg extension no weight
Anatomical Position - answerPOS Forward facing and palms out
distal - answerPOS farthest from body part referenced
proximal - answerPOS closest to referenced body part. EX shoulder closer to neck than
fingers
superior - answerPOS body part above another EX knees above toes
, lateral - answerPOS away from sagittal midline of body EX arms out laying down
medial - answerPOS toward sagittal midline of body EX arms resting
origin - answermuscle attachment that moves least, generally more proximal.
insertion - answermuscle attachment that moves most, generally more distal.
abduction - answerMOV Lateral movement away from the midline of the body. EX arms
up
adduction - answerMOV Medial movement toward the midline of the body. EX arms
down
circumduction - answerMOV circular movement (combining flexion, extension,
adduction, and abduction) with no shaft rotation
extension - answerMOV straightening of the joint to increase the angle
eversion - answerMOV moving sole of foot away from medial plane
flexion - answerMOV the bending of the joint to decrease the angle
hyperextension - answerMOV the extension of a joint past the anatomical position
inversion - answerMOV moving sole of foot toward the medial plane
pronation - answerMOV Internal rotation resulting in appendage facing downward
supination - answerMOV External rotation resulting in appendage facing upward
rotation - answerMOV Rotary movement around the longitudinal axis of the bone
Newtons 1st Law - answerNewton object stays at rest unless acted upon
Newtons 2nd Law - answerNewton heavier objects require more force to move.
Force=Mass X Acceleration
Newtons 3rd Law - answerNewton for every reaction, there is an equal and opposite
reaction
Inertia - answertendency of body to maintain a state of rest unless acted upon
Velocity - answerspeed and direction of the body
