1
NSG 3130 EXAM 1 2026/2027 | FUNDAMENTAL
CONCEPTS & SKILLS FOR NURSING PRACTICE II | 40
VERIFIED Q&A | DETAILED RATIONALES | NGN-
ALIGNED | PASS GUARANTEED – A+ GRADED
SECTION 1: NURSING PROCESS & CRITICAL THINKING – Questions 1-10
Q1: Nursing Process – Assessment Phase
A nurse is collecting data from a patient's medical record, laboratory results, and physical
examination findings. Which type of data is the nurse collecting?
A. Subjective data
B. Objective data
C. Historical data
D. Diagnostic data
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Objective data are observable and measurable facts gathered through physical
assessment, laboratory results, and medical records . Subjective data come from the patient's verbal
descriptions of their condition. Historical data refers to past medical events, while diagnostic data is
a subset of objective findings. [100% CORRECT]
Q2: Nursing Process – Diagnosis Phase
A nurse reviews a patient's laboratory results and notes a potassium level of 3.2 mEq/L. The nurse
identifies this as a potential problem. This represents which step of the nursing process?
A. Assessment
B. Diagnosis
C. Planning
D. Evaluation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nursing diagnosis (or problem identification) is the step where the nurse clusters
assessment data and identifies actual or potential health problems . Hypokalemia is a problem
statement (risk for electrolyte imbalance). Assessment (A) is data collection, which has already
occurred. Planning (C) involves setting goals; Evaluation (D) measures outcomes. [100% CORRECT]
Q3: Nursing Process – Implementation Phase
During the nursing process, the nurse develops a plan of care based on the patient's needs. In which
phase does the nurse implement the planned interventions?
, 2
A. Assessment
B. Diagnosis
C. Planning
D. Implementation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Implementation is the phase where the nurse carries out the planned nursing
interventions . Administering medication, providing patient education, and performing direct patient
care are all implementation activities. [100% CORRECT]
Q4: Nursing Process – Evaluation Phase
A nurse is evaluating a patient's response to pain medication. This action occurs during which phase
of the nursing process?
A. Assessment
B. Diagnosis
C. Planning
D. Evaluation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Evaluation is the phase where the nurse determines whether the patient's goals have
been met and whether interventions were effective . This includes reassessing the patient's
response to treatment. [100% CORRECT]
Q5: Critical Thinking in Nursing
Which of the following is an example of a nurse using critical thinking in patient care?
A. Following a standing order without question
B. Interpreting subtle changes in a patient's mental status and reassessing vital signs
C. Documenting vital signs as "within normal limits" without analyzing trends
D. Administering a PRN medication as soon as the patient requests it
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Critical thinking involves analyzing data, recognizing patterns, and making clinical
judgments . Interpreting subtle changes and reassessing reflects active thinking rather than rote task
completion. [100% CORRECT]
Q6: Purpose of the Nursing Process
The nurse understands that the primary purpose of the nursing process is to:
A. Provide a legal document for the medical record
B. Provide a systematic, patient-centered framework for delivering nursing care
C. Replace the medical plan of care
D. Delegate all tasks to unlicensed assistive personnel
NSG 3130 EXAM 1 2026/2027 | FUNDAMENTAL
CONCEPTS & SKILLS FOR NURSING PRACTICE II | 40
VERIFIED Q&A | DETAILED RATIONALES | NGN-
ALIGNED | PASS GUARANTEED – A+ GRADED
SECTION 1: NURSING PROCESS & CRITICAL THINKING – Questions 1-10
Q1: Nursing Process – Assessment Phase
A nurse is collecting data from a patient's medical record, laboratory results, and physical
examination findings. Which type of data is the nurse collecting?
A. Subjective data
B. Objective data
C. Historical data
D. Diagnostic data
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Objective data are observable and measurable facts gathered through physical
assessment, laboratory results, and medical records . Subjective data come from the patient's verbal
descriptions of their condition. Historical data refers to past medical events, while diagnostic data is
a subset of objective findings. [100% CORRECT]
Q2: Nursing Process – Diagnosis Phase
A nurse reviews a patient's laboratory results and notes a potassium level of 3.2 mEq/L. The nurse
identifies this as a potential problem. This represents which step of the nursing process?
A. Assessment
B. Diagnosis
C. Planning
D. Evaluation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nursing diagnosis (or problem identification) is the step where the nurse clusters
assessment data and identifies actual or potential health problems . Hypokalemia is a problem
statement (risk for electrolyte imbalance). Assessment (A) is data collection, which has already
occurred. Planning (C) involves setting goals; Evaluation (D) measures outcomes. [100% CORRECT]
Q3: Nursing Process – Implementation Phase
During the nursing process, the nurse develops a plan of care based on the patient's needs. In which
phase does the nurse implement the planned interventions?
, 2
A. Assessment
B. Diagnosis
C. Planning
D. Implementation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Implementation is the phase where the nurse carries out the planned nursing
interventions . Administering medication, providing patient education, and performing direct patient
care are all implementation activities. [100% CORRECT]
Q4: Nursing Process – Evaluation Phase
A nurse is evaluating a patient's response to pain medication. This action occurs during which phase
of the nursing process?
A. Assessment
B. Diagnosis
C. Planning
D. Evaluation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Evaluation is the phase where the nurse determines whether the patient's goals have
been met and whether interventions were effective . This includes reassessing the patient's
response to treatment. [100% CORRECT]
Q5: Critical Thinking in Nursing
Which of the following is an example of a nurse using critical thinking in patient care?
A. Following a standing order without question
B. Interpreting subtle changes in a patient's mental status and reassessing vital signs
C. Documenting vital signs as "within normal limits" without analyzing trends
D. Administering a PRN medication as soon as the patient requests it
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Critical thinking involves analyzing data, recognizing patterns, and making clinical
judgments . Interpreting subtle changes and reassessing reflects active thinking rather than rote task
completion. [100% CORRECT]
Q6: Purpose of the Nursing Process
The nurse understands that the primary purpose of the nursing process is to:
A. Provide a legal document for the medical record
B. Provide a systematic, patient-centered framework for delivering nursing care
C. Replace the medical plan of care
D. Delegate all tasks to unlicensed assistive personnel
