@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$@
er Introduction
Dean & to
Dyer
Intellectual
Introduction
Property
to Intellectual
Law.pdf@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Property Law.pdf@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$@
tual Property
Dean Law.pdf@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$
& Dyer Introduction to Intellectual Property Law.pdfDean & Dyer Introduction to Intellectual Property Law.pdf@@@@@@@@
,@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$@
er Introduction
Dean & to
Dyer
Intellectual
Introduction
Property
to Intellectual
Law.pdf@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Property Law.pdf@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
Dean & Dyer
Introduction to
Intellectual Property Law
C O M M E R C I A L L A W
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$@
tual Property
Dean Law.pdf@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$
& Dyer Introduction to Intellectual Property Law.pdfDean & Dyer Introduction to Intellectual Property Law.pdf@@@@@@@@
,@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$@
er Introduction
Dean & to
Dyer
Intellectual
Introduction
Property
to Intellectual
Law.pdf@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Property Law.pdf@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
Dean & Dyer
Introduction to
Intellectual Property Law
C O M M E R C I A L L A W
OWEN DEAN (EDITOR)
ALISON DYER (EDITOR)
TERTIA BEHARIE
DINA BIAGIO
HERMAN BLIGNAUT
LODEWYK CILLIERS
DAVID COCHRANE
MIKHALIEN DU BOIS
JOHN FOSTER
TYRON GRANT
COBUS JOOSTE
SADULLA KARJIKER
MOHAMED KHADER
MEGAN REIMERS
TSHEPO SHABANGU
MARCO VAN DER MERWE
EBEN VAN WYK
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$@
tual Property
Dean Law.pdf@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$
& Dyer Introduction to Intellectual Property Law.pdfDean & Dyer Introduction to Intellectual Property Law.pdf@@@@@@@@
,@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$@
er Introduction
Dean & to
Dyer
Intellectual
Introduction
Property
to Intellectual
Law.pdf@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Property Law.pdf@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s
objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a
registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries.
Published in South Africa by
Oxford University Press Southern Africa (Pty) Limited
Vasco Boulevard, Goodwood, N1 City, Cape Town, South Africa, 7460
P O Box 12119, N1 City, Cape Town, South Africa, 7463
Copyright © Oxford University Press Southern Africa (Pty) Ltd 2014
e moral rights of the authors have been asserted.
First published 2014
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford
University Press Southern Africa (Pty) Ltd, or as expressly permitted by law, by licence, or under
terms agreed with the appropriate reprographic rights organisation, DALRO, e Dramatic, Artistic
and Literary Rights Organisation at . Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the
scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press Southern Africa
(Pty) Ltd, at the above address.
You must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any
acquirer.
Dean & Dyer: Introduction to Intellectual Property Law
Print ISBN: 978-0-199045-79-2
ePUB ISBN: 978-0-190444-22-8
First impression 2014
Typeset in Utopia Std 9.5pt on 12pt
Printed on [insert paper quality e.g. acid-free paper]
Acknowledgements
Publisher: Penny Lane
Development editors: Jessica Huntley, Nadia Hassen
Project manager: Marguerite Lithgow
Copy editor: Sandra Mills
Proof readers: Annette de Villiers, Jeannie van den Heever
Indexer: Michel Cozien
Cover: Janine Damon
Typesetter: Alicia Arntsen
Printed and bound by: XYZ Printing Company
ff
e authors and publisher gratefully acknowledge permission to reproduce copyright material in this
book. Every e ort has been made to trace copyright holders, but if any copyright infringements have
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$@
tual Property
Dean Law.pdf@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$
& Dyer Introduction to Intellectual Property Law.pdfDean & Dyer Introduction to Intellectual Property Law.pdf@@@@@@@@
er Introduction
Dean & to
Dyer
Intellectual
Introduction
Property
to Intellectual
Law.pdf@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Property Law.pdf@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$@
tual Property
Dean Law.pdf@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$
& Dyer Introduction to Intellectual Property Law.pdfDean & Dyer Introduction to Intellectual Property Law.pdf@@@@@@@@
,@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$@
er Introduction
Dean & to
Dyer
Intellectual
Introduction
Property
to Intellectual
Law.pdf@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Property Law.pdf@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
Dean & Dyer
Introduction to
Intellectual Property Law
C O M M E R C I A L L A W
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$@
tual Property
Dean Law.pdf@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$
& Dyer Introduction to Intellectual Property Law.pdfDean & Dyer Introduction to Intellectual Property Law.pdf@@@@@@@@
,@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$@
er Introduction
Dean & to
Dyer
Intellectual
Introduction
Property
to Intellectual
Law.pdf@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Property Law.pdf@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
Dean & Dyer
Introduction to
Intellectual Property Law
C O M M E R C I A L L A W
OWEN DEAN (EDITOR)
ALISON DYER (EDITOR)
TERTIA BEHARIE
DINA BIAGIO
HERMAN BLIGNAUT
LODEWYK CILLIERS
DAVID COCHRANE
MIKHALIEN DU BOIS
JOHN FOSTER
TYRON GRANT
COBUS JOOSTE
SADULLA KARJIKER
MOHAMED KHADER
MEGAN REIMERS
TSHEPO SHABANGU
MARCO VAN DER MERWE
EBEN VAN WYK
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$@
tual Property
Dean Law.pdf@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$
& Dyer Introduction to Intellectual Property Law.pdfDean & Dyer Introduction to Intellectual Property Law.pdf@@@@@@@@
,@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$@
er Introduction
Dean & to
Dyer
Intellectual
Introduction
Property
to Intellectual
Law.pdf@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Property Law.pdf@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s
objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a
registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries.
Published in South Africa by
Oxford University Press Southern Africa (Pty) Limited
Vasco Boulevard, Goodwood, N1 City, Cape Town, South Africa, 7460
P O Box 12119, N1 City, Cape Town, South Africa, 7463
Copyright © Oxford University Press Southern Africa (Pty) Ltd 2014
e moral rights of the authors have been asserted.
First published 2014
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford
University Press Southern Africa (Pty) Ltd, or as expressly permitted by law, by licence, or under
terms agreed with the appropriate reprographic rights organisation, DALRO, e Dramatic, Artistic
and Literary Rights Organisation at . Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the
scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press Southern Africa
(Pty) Ltd, at the above address.
You must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any
acquirer.
Dean & Dyer: Introduction to Intellectual Property Law
Print ISBN: 978-0-199045-79-2
ePUB ISBN: 978-0-190444-22-8
First impression 2014
Typeset in Utopia Std 9.5pt on 12pt
Printed on [insert paper quality e.g. acid-free paper]
Acknowledgements
Publisher: Penny Lane
Development editors: Jessica Huntley, Nadia Hassen
Project manager: Marguerite Lithgow
Copy editor: Sandra Mills
Proof readers: Annette de Villiers, Jeannie van den Heever
Indexer: Michel Cozien
Cover: Janine Damon
Typesetter: Alicia Arntsen
Printed and bound by: XYZ Printing Company
ff
e authors and publisher gratefully acknowledge permission to reproduce copyright material in this
book. Every e ort has been made to trace copyright holders, but if any copyright infringements have
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$@
tual Property
Dean Law.pdf@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$
& Dyer Introduction to Intellectual Property Law.pdfDean & Dyer Introduction to Intellectual Property Law.pdf@@@@@@@@
