APPLIED PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS
C955 FINAL EXAM ACTUAL PRACTICE
QUESTIONS & STEP-BY-STEP SOLUTIONS
GUIDE
Master your statistics course with this definitive collection of high-
yield practice questions featuring step-by-step mathematical
explanations. Crafted explicitly to mirror actual exam distributions,
this resource covers everything from foundational algebra and
descriptive statistics to complex probability rules and linear
regression models. It serves as an essential, self-paced
preparatory toolkit engineered to convert complex quantitative
concepts into guaranteed exam day success.
Module 1: Math Fundamentals & Graph
Interpretation (Questions 1-10)
1. Solve the following linear equation for x: 5x - 12
= 18
A) x = 1.2
B) x = 3.6
C) x = 6
D) x = 30
Rationale: To isolate x, first add 12 to both
sides of the equation to get 5x = 30. Then,
divide both sides by 5, resulting in x = 6.
2. Solve the following expression using proper
order of operations: 24 ÷ (4 + 2) × 3 - 5
A) 1.6
, B) 7
C) 10
D) 15
Rationale: First, evaluate the parentheses: 4
+ 2 = 6. The expression becomes 24 ÷ 6 × 3 -
5. Moving left to right with multiplication and
division, 24 ÷ 6 = 4, and 4 × 3 = 12. Finally,
perform the subtraction: 12 - 5 = 7.
3. Convert the fraction
7257 over 25 end-fraction
725
into a percentage.
A) 0.28%
B) 7%
C) 14%
D) 28%
Rationale: To convert a fraction to a percentage,
divide the numerator by the denominator and
multiply by 100. 7 ÷ 25 = 0.28. Multiplying 0.28 by
100 gives 28%.
4. If a store sells a product for $80 after applying a
20% discount, what was the original price of the
product?
, A) $96
B) $100
C) $120
D) $160
Rationale: Let P be the original price. The
sale price represents 100% - 20% = 80% of
the original price. Therefore, 0.80P = 80.
Dividing both sides by 0.80 gives P = $100.
5. Evaluate the inequality: -3x + 7 < 19. Which of
the following is the correct solution?
A) x < -4
B) x > 4
C) x > -4
D) x < 4
Rationale: First, subtract 7 from both sides
to get -3x < 12. When dividing or multiplying
both sides of an inequality by a negative
number, you must flip the direction of the
inequality sign. Dividing by -3 yields x > -4.
6. A scatterplot shows data points running from the
top left corner down toward the bottom right
corner. What type of association does this
indicate?
A) Positive linear association
B) Negative linear association
, C) Zero association
D) Exponential positive growth
Rationale: When the data points on a
scatterplot move downward from left to right,
it shows that as the independent variable
increases, the dependent variable decreases,
which constitutes a negative relationship.
7. On a pie chart displaying corporate expenses, a
slice representing "Marketing" has a central
angle of 108°. What percentage of the total
budget is allocated to marketing?
A) 10.8%
B) 25%
C) 30%
D) 45%
Rationale: A full circle is 360 degrees. To find
the percentage, divide the partial angle by
the total angle and multiply by 100: (108 ÷
360) × 100 = 0.30 × 100 = 30%.
8. What is the fundamental difference between a
bar chart and a histogram?
A) Bar charts display categorical data with
spaces between bars, while histograms display
continuous quantitative data with connected
bars.
C955 FINAL EXAM ACTUAL PRACTICE
QUESTIONS & STEP-BY-STEP SOLUTIONS
GUIDE
Master your statistics course with this definitive collection of high-
yield practice questions featuring step-by-step mathematical
explanations. Crafted explicitly to mirror actual exam distributions,
this resource covers everything from foundational algebra and
descriptive statistics to complex probability rules and linear
regression models. It serves as an essential, self-paced
preparatory toolkit engineered to convert complex quantitative
concepts into guaranteed exam day success.
Module 1: Math Fundamentals & Graph
Interpretation (Questions 1-10)
1. Solve the following linear equation for x: 5x - 12
= 18
A) x = 1.2
B) x = 3.6
C) x = 6
D) x = 30
Rationale: To isolate x, first add 12 to both
sides of the equation to get 5x = 30. Then,
divide both sides by 5, resulting in x = 6.
2. Solve the following expression using proper
order of operations: 24 ÷ (4 + 2) × 3 - 5
A) 1.6
, B) 7
C) 10
D) 15
Rationale: First, evaluate the parentheses: 4
+ 2 = 6. The expression becomes 24 ÷ 6 × 3 -
5. Moving left to right with multiplication and
division, 24 ÷ 6 = 4, and 4 × 3 = 12. Finally,
perform the subtraction: 12 - 5 = 7.
3. Convert the fraction
7257 over 25 end-fraction
725
into a percentage.
A) 0.28%
B) 7%
C) 14%
D) 28%
Rationale: To convert a fraction to a percentage,
divide the numerator by the denominator and
multiply by 100. 7 ÷ 25 = 0.28. Multiplying 0.28 by
100 gives 28%.
4. If a store sells a product for $80 after applying a
20% discount, what was the original price of the
product?
, A) $96
B) $100
C) $120
D) $160
Rationale: Let P be the original price. The
sale price represents 100% - 20% = 80% of
the original price. Therefore, 0.80P = 80.
Dividing both sides by 0.80 gives P = $100.
5. Evaluate the inequality: -3x + 7 < 19. Which of
the following is the correct solution?
A) x < -4
B) x > 4
C) x > -4
D) x < 4
Rationale: First, subtract 7 from both sides
to get -3x < 12. When dividing or multiplying
both sides of an inequality by a negative
number, you must flip the direction of the
inequality sign. Dividing by -3 yields x > -4.
6. A scatterplot shows data points running from the
top left corner down toward the bottom right
corner. What type of association does this
indicate?
A) Positive linear association
B) Negative linear association
, C) Zero association
D) Exponential positive growth
Rationale: When the data points on a
scatterplot move downward from left to right,
it shows that as the independent variable
increases, the dependent variable decreases,
which constitutes a negative relationship.
7. On a pie chart displaying corporate expenses, a
slice representing "Marketing" has a central
angle of 108°. What percentage of the total
budget is allocated to marketing?
A) 10.8%
B) 25%
C) 30%
D) 45%
Rationale: A full circle is 360 degrees. To find
the percentage, divide the partial angle by
the total angle and multiply by 100: (108 ÷
360) × 100 = 0.30 × 100 = 30%.
8. What is the fundamental difference between a
bar chart and a histogram?
A) Bar charts display categorical data with
spaces between bars, while histograms display
continuous quantitative data with connected
bars.
