PCB 3023 Final Exam | UPDATED Questions with 100% Verified
Answers
Question:
Living systems are incredibly diverse in size, shape,
environment, and behavior. It is estimated that there are
between 10 million and 100 million different species. Despite
this wide variety of organisms, it remains difficult to define
what it means to say something is alive. Which of the following
can be described as the smallest living unit?
(a) DNA
(b) cell
(c) organelle
(d) protein
Answer:
cell
Question:
The flow of genetic information is controlled by a series of
biochemical reactions that result in the production of proteins,
each with its own specific order of amino acids. Choose the
correct series of biochemical reactions from the options
presented here.
(a) replication, transcription, translation
(b) replication, translation, transcription
(c) translation, transcription, replication
(d) translation, replication, transcription
Answer:
(a) replication, transcription, translation
Question:
Proteins are important architectural and catalytic components
within the cell, helping to determine its chemistry, its shape,
and its ability to respond to changes in the environment.
,Remarkably, all of the different proteins in a cell are made
from the same 20 __________. By linking them in different
sequences, the cell can make protein molecules with different
conformations and surface chemistries, and therefore different
functions.
(a) nucleotides.
(b) sugars.
(c) amino acids.
(d) fatty acids.
Answer:
(c)amino acids.
Question:
Which statement is NOT true about mutations?
(a) A mutation is a change in the DNA that can generate
offspring less fit for survival than their parents.
(b) A mutation can be a result of imperfect DNA duplication.
(c) A mutation is a result of sexual reproduction.
(d) A mutation is a change in the DNA that can generate
offspring that are as fit for survival as their parents are.
Answer:
(c) A mutation is a result of sexual reproduction.
Question:
Changes in DNA sequence from one generation to the next
may result in offspring that are altered in fitness compared
with their parents. The process of change and selection over
the course of many generations is the basis of __________.
(a) mutation.
(b) evolution.
(c) heredity.
(d) reproduction.
Answer:
,(b) evolution
Question:
Select the option that best finishes the following statement:
"Evolution is a process __________."
(a) that can be understood based on the principles of
mutation and selection.
(b) that results from repeated cycles of adaptation over
billions of years.
(c) by which all present-day cells arose from 4-5 different
ancestral cells.
(d) that requires hundreds of thousands of years.
Answer:
(a) that can be understood based on the principles of mutation and selection.
Question:
Select the option that correctly finishes the following
statement: "A cell's genome _________________."
(a) is defined as all the genes being used to make protein.
(b) contains all of a cell's DNA.
(c) constantly changes, depending upon the cell's
environment.
(d) is altered during embryonic development.
Answer:
(b) contains all of a cell's DNA.
Question:
Which statement is NOT true about the events/conclusions
from studies during the mid-1800s surrounding the discovery
of cells?
(a) Cells came to be known as the smallest universal building
block of living organisms.
(b) Scientists came to the conclusion that new cells can form
spontaneously from the remnants of ruptured cells.
, (c) Light microscopy was essential in demonstrating the
commonalities between plant and animal tissues.
(d) New cells arise from the growth and division of previously
existing cells.
Answer:
(b) Scientists came to the conclusion that new cells can form spontaneously from the
remnants of ruptured cells.
Question:
What unit of length would you generally use to measure a
typical plant or animal cell?
(a) centimeters
(b) nanometers
(c) millimeters
(d) micrometers
Answer:
(d) micrometers
Question:
Cell biologists employ targeted fluorescent dyes or modified
fluorescent proteins in both standard fluorescence
microscopy and confocal microscopy to observe specific
details in the cell. Even though fluorescence permits better
visualization, the resolving power is essentially the same as
that of a standard light microscope because the resolving
power of a microscope is limited by the __________ of light.
(a) absorption
(b) intensity
(c) filtering
(d) wavelength
Answer:
(d) wavelength
Answers
Question:
Living systems are incredibly diverse in size, shape,
environment, and behavior. It is estimated that there are
between 10 million and 100 million different species. Despite
this wide variety of organisms, it remains difficult to define
what it means to say something is alive. Which of the following
can be described as the smallest living unit?
(a) DNA
(b) cell
(c) organelle
(d) protein
Answer:
cell
Question:
The flow of genetic information is controlled by a series of
biochemical reactions that result in the production of proteins,
each with its own specific order of amino acids. Choose the
correct series of biochemical reactions from the options
presented here.
(a) replication, transcription, translation
(b) replication, translation, transcription
(c) translation, transcription, replication
(d) translation, replication, transcription
Answer:
(a) replication, transcription, translation
Question:
Proteins are important architectural and catalytic components
within the cell, helping to determine its chemistry, its shape,
and its ability to respond to changes in the environment.
,Remarkably, all of the different proteins in a cell are made
from the same 20 __________. By linking them in different
sequences, the cell can make protein molecules with different
conformations and surface chemistries, and therefore different
functions.
(a) nucleotides.
(b) sugars.
(c) amino acids.
(d) fatty acids.
Answer:
(c)amino acids.
Question:
Which statement is NOT true about mutations?
(a) A mutation is a change in the DNA that can generate
offspring less fit for survival than their parents.
(b) A mutation can be a result of imperfect DNA duplication.
(c) A mutation is a result of sexual reproduction.
(d) A mutation is a change in the DNA that can generate
offspring that are as fit for survival as their parents are.
Answer:
(c) A mutation is a result of sexual reproduction.
Question:
Changes in DNA sequence from one generation to the next
may result in offspring that are altered in fitness compared
with their parents. The process of change and selection over
the course of many generations is the basis of __________.
(a) mutation.
(b) evolution.
(c) heredity.
(d) reproduction.
Answer:
,(b) evolution
Question:
Select the option that best finishes the following statement:
"Evolution is a process __________."
(a) that can be understood based on the principles of
mutation and selection.
(b) that results from repeated cycles of adaptation over
billions of years.
(c) by which all present-day cells arose from 4-5 different
ancestral cells.
(d) that requires hundreds of thousands of years.
Answer:
(a) that can be understood based on the principles of mutation and selection.
Question:
Select the option that correctly finishes the following
statement: "A cell's genome _________________."
(a) is defined as all the genes being used to make protein.
(b) contains all of a cell's DNA.
(c) constantly changes, depending upon the cell's
environment.
(d) is altered during embryonic development.
Answer:
(b) contains all of a cell's DNA.
Question:
Which statement is NOT true about the events/conclusions
from studies during the mid-1800s surrounding the discovery
of cells?
(a) Cells came to be known as the smallest universal building
block of living organisms.
(b) Scientists came to the conclusion that new cells can form
spontaneously from the remnants of ruptured cells.
, (c) Light microscopy was essential in demonstrating the
commonalities between plant and animal tissues.
(d) New cells arise from the growth and division of previously
existing cells.
Answer:
(b) Scientists came to the conclusion that new cells can form spontaneously from the
remnants of ruptured cells.
Question:
What unit of length would you generally use to measure a
typical plant or animal cell?
(a) centimeters
(b) nanometers
(c) millimeters
(d) micrometers
Answer:
(d) micrometers
Question:
Cell biologists employ targeted fluorescent dyes or modified
fluorescent proteins in both standard fluorescence
microscopy and confocal microscopy to observe specific
details in the cell. Even though fluorescence permits better
visualization, the resolving power is essentially the same as
that of a standard light microscope because the resolving
power of a microscope is limited by the __________ of light.
(a) absorption
(b) intensity
(c) filtering
(d) wavelength
Answer:
(d) wavelength
