NSG 548 Final Exam V3 | NSG 548 FNP Role:
Children & Families | Actual Q&A with Rationale
(NSG548 Final Exam) | Wilkes University
1. A 4-year-old child presents with a high fever, muffled voice, and drooling. The child is
sitting in a ‘tripod’ position. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Acute Bronchiolitis
B. Epiglottitis
C. Laryngotracheobronchitis (Croup)
D. Foreign Body Aspiration
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Epiglottitis is a life-threatening emergency characterized by the ‘four Ds’:
Drooling, Dysphagia, Dysphonia, and Distressed inspiratory efforts. The tripod position is a
classic clinical sign indicating significant respiratory distress. Prompt recognition is critical
to ensure the airway remains patent until definitive management can be provided.
2. According to the CDC immunization schedule, at what age should a child receive the first
dose of the Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccine?
A. 6 months
B. 4 to 6 years
C. 12 to 15 months
,D. Birth
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The first dose of the MMR vaccine is recommended between 12 and 15
months of age. Maternal antibodies typically protect infants against these diseases until
approximately one year of life. A second dose is typically administered between 4 and 6
years of age to ensure long-term immunity.
3. Which of the following is considered a primary risk factor for the development of Iron
Deficiency Anemia in a 9-month-old infant?
A. Early introduction of iron-fortified cereals
B. Delayed cord clamping at birth
C. Exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months
D. Consumption of whole cow’s milk
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Cow’s milk is low in iron and can cause microscopic intestinal bleeding in
infants, leading to iron deficiency. It is recommended that infants wait until 12 months of
age before consuming whole cow’s milk. Early introduction of solids without adequate iron
sources is also a contributing factor to pediatric anemia.
, 4. A 2-year-old child presents for a well-child visit. The FNP notes the child can use a spoon,
walk up stairs with help, and has a vocabulary of approximately 50 words. These findings are
consistent with milestones for which age?
A. 18 months
B. 12 months
C. 36 months
D. 24 months
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: At 24 months, children typically have a vocabulary of at least 50 words and
begin to use two-word phrases. They are also developing gross motor skills like walking up
stairs and fine motor skills like using utensils. These milestones are essential indicators of
normal cognitive and physical development in toddlers.
5. Which physical exam finding is most suggestive of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip
(DDH) in a 2-month-old infant?
A. Symmetric thigh folds
B. Negative Barlow maneuver
C. Equal leg length
D. Positive Ortolani sign
Correct Answer: D
Children & Families | Actual Q&A with Rationale
(NSG548 Final Exam) | Wilkes University
1. A 4-year-old child presents with a high fever, muffled voice, and drooling. The child is
sitting in a ‘tripod’ position. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Acute Bronchiolitis
B. Epiglottitis
C. Laryngotracheobronchitis (Croup)
D. Foreign Body Aspiration
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Epiglottitis is a life-threatening emergency characterized by the ‘four Ds’:
Drooling, Dysphagia, Dysphonia, and Distressed inspiratory efforts. The tripod position is a
classic clinical sign indicating significant respiratory distress. Prompt recognition is critical
to ensure the airway remains patent until definitive management can be provided.
2. According to the CDC immunization schedule, at what age should a child receive the first
dose of the Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccine?
A. 6 months
B. 4 to 6 years
C. 12 to 15 months
,D. Birth
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The first dose of the MMR vaccine is recommended between 12 and 15
months of age. Maternal antibodies typically protect infants against these diseases until
approximately one year of life. A second dose is typically administered between 4 and 6
years of age to ensure long-term immunity.
3. Which of the following is considered a primary risk factor for the development of Iron
Deficiency Anemia in a 9-month-old infant?
A. Early introduction of iron-fortified cereals
B. Delayed cord clamping at birth
C. Exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months
D. Consumption of whole cow’s milk
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Cow’s milk is low in iron and can cause microscopic intestinal bleeding in
infants, leading to iron deficiency. It is recommended that infants wait until 12 months of
age before consuming whole cow’s milk. Early introduction of solids without adequate iron
sources is also a contributing factor to pediatric anemia.
, 4. A 2-year-old child presents for a well-child visit. The FNP notes the child can use a spoon,
walk up stairs with help, and has a vocabulary of approximately 50 words. These findings are
consistent with milestones for which age?
A. 18 months
B. 12 months
C. 36 months
D. 24 months
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: At 24 months, children typically have a vocabulary of at least 50 words and
begin to use two-word phrases. They are also developing gross motor skills like walking up
stairs and fine motor skills like using utensils. These milestones are essential indicators of
normal cognitive and physical development in toddlers.
5. Which physical exam finding is most suggestive of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip
(DDH) in a 2-month-old infant?
A. Symmetric thigh folds
B. Negative Barlow maneuver
C. Equal leg length
D. Positive Ortolani sign
Correct Answer: D
