According to the March of Dimes, there may be four main c. diabetes
routes to spontaneous premature labor. They include all
except which of the following? Diabetes is not a route considered. The fourth route is uterine stretching.
Overdistention of the uterus due to multiple gestation, or placental abnormalities
a. infections or inflammation can lead to the release of chemicals that stimulate uterine contractions.
b. maternal or fetal stress
c. diabetes
d. bleeding
The presence of 10^5 or more bacterial colonies per d. bacteriuria
milliliter of urine on two consecutive, clean catch,
midstream voided specimens is an indication of: Bacteriuria is defined as the presence of 10^5 or more bacterial colonies per
milliliter of urine on two consecutive, clean catch, midstream voided specimens.
a. pyelonephritis Risk is associated with sickle cell trait, lower socio-economic status, increased
b. cystitis parity, and reduced availability of medical care.
c. thrombophlebitis
d. bacteriuria
Which of the following is least likely to be a risk factor for c. prior vaginal birth
postpartum hemorrhage?
The least likely to be a risk factor for postpartum hemorrhage is prior vaginal birth.
a. prolonged labor Prior cesarean birth is a risk factor, however. Other risk factors include: multiparity,
b. induced or augmented labor coagulopathies, and uterine rupture (among others).
c. prior vaginal birth
d. difficult third stage of labor
At what point postpartum does the infarcted superficial d. 7-14 postpartum
tissue over the placental site slough off?
At this time, the woman may notice an episode of increased vaginal bleeding, which
a. immediately after the placenta is delivered is usually self-limited. Bleeding lasting more than 1 to 2 hours should be evaluated
b. 24 hours after delivery for late postpartum hemorrhage.
c. 72 hours after delivery
d. 7-14 postpartum
During the first few days after birth, which of the following d. oxytocin
secretions causes strong uterine contractions and a further
reduction in size of the uterus? During the first few days after birth, oxytocin secretion causes uterine contractions,
especially after breastfeeding and in multiparas. Multiparity, multiple gestation,
a. progesterone polyhydramnios, and bladder distention can influence uterine size and the
b. estrogen progression of uterine involution.
c. prolactin
d. oxytocin
The National Screening Committee timeline states that all a. 8 weeks
babies should be formally reviewed at the latest by what
age? The developmental assessment of the baby at this point gives the practitioner an
opportunity to ensure that the baby's neurological development is progressing as
a. 8 weeks would be expected.
b. 6 weeks
c. 1 week
d. 2 weeks
Transient tachypnea of the newborn is sometimes referred d. all of the above
to as which of the following?
All of these choices are other names for transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN).
a. wet lung syndrome The pathophysiology of TTN is excess fluid in the lungs, failure to clear normal fetal
b. retained lung fluid lung fluid, or both.
c. RDS type II
d. all of the above
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is the major cause of a. 50-70%
respiratory distress in the newborn. It accounts for
approximately what percentage of all premature infant RDS, also known as hyaline membrane disease, accounts for approximately 50-
deaths? 70% of all premature infant deaths. RDS occurs in 60% of babies born at less than
28 to 34 weeks, and in less than 5% of those born after approximately 34 weeks.
a. 50-70%
b. 20-30%
c. 25-45%
d. 10-20%
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Which of the following would NOT be an appropriate b. avoid touching the infant as much as possible
intervention for a preterm newborn?
This is not an appropriate intervention. The newborn should be provided with
a. monitor vital signs every 2-4 hours appropriate stimulation, such as touch and cuddling.
b. avoid touching the infant as much as possible
c. monitor weight daily
d. monitor intake and output along with electrolyte balance
Which of the following would indicate implied consent to a a. the patient voluntarily submits to the procedure
procedure?
When a patient voluntarily submits to the procedure, this indicates implied consent.
a. the patient voluntarily submits to the procedure Consenting in writing or orally is considered expressed consent.
b. the patient consents in writing
c. the patient orally consents
d. the patient consents orally and in writing
Which of the following is a risk factor for a retained d. all of the above
placenta?
Risk factors for a retained placenta include all of the first three choices along with
a. previous uterine curettage previous retained placenta, augmented labor, birth in a dorsal position, and use of
b. preeclampsia ergotamine. The primary risk associated with retained placenta is hemorrhage.
c. nulliparity
d. all of the above
Immediately postpartum, the lochia consists primarily of d. blood
which of the following?
Initially, the lochia consists primarily of blood. As a result, it is red or brownish red in
a. exudate color. As the uterine bleeding decreases at approximately 3-5 days postpartum,
b. leukocytes leukocyte infiltration occurs and the placental implantation site undergoes
c. mucus exfoliation; at this point, the discharge contains some blood but is primarily exudate
d. blood and leukocytes, and is pinkish brown in color.
An increase in the volume of amniotic fluid is referred to as a. hydramnios
a. hydramnios Hydramnios, or an increase in the volume of amniotic fluid, occurs in 10-20% of
b. ketoacidosis pregnant women with diabetes. It is thought to be a result of excessive fetal
c. dystocia urination because of fetal hyperglycemia. Preeclampsia occurs more often in
d. retinopathy diabetic pregnancies, especially when diabetes related vascular changes already
exist.
Which of the following would be indicative of false labor? a. sedation decreases or stops contractions
a. sedation decreases or stops contractions If sedation decreases or stops contractions it is an indication of false labor. Other
b. progressive frequency and intensity of contractions indications include: longer intervals between contractions, discomfort in lower
c. discomfort begins in the back, radiating into the abdomen and groin, and no appreciable change in the cervix.
abdomen
d. activity increases contractions
Cigarette smoking has been linked to which of the a. low birth weight and prematurity
following?
Cigarette smoking has been linked to an increased incidence of low birth weight
a. low birth weight and prematurity and prematurity. From a preventative perspective, it is not enough to discourage
b. gestational diabetes smoking in pregnant women. The focus must be on discouraging smoking in any
c. maternal infections woman of childbearing age who may potentially become pregnant.
d. fetal infections
A shortage of oxygen can have devastating effects on your d. the baby will be born too early or weigh less than 5.5 lbs at birth
baby's growth and development. On average, smoking
during pregnancy doubles the chances that Smoking also more than doubles the risk of stillbirth.
a. the baby will be born late or weight more than 9.5 lb at
birth
b. the baby will be born with tremors
c. the baby will be born too early and have a higher
chance of obesity
d. the baby will be born too early or weigh less than 5.5 lb
at birth
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