NSG 448 Exam 2 V1 | NSG 448 Evidence-Based
Project Capstone | Actual Q&A with Rationale
(NSG448 Exam 2) | Grand Canyon University
1. A nurse is conducting a literature search for an EBP project on fall prevention. Which of the
following databases should be prioritized to locate high-quality nursing research and
systematic reviews? (Select all that apply)
A. CINAHL
B. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
C. Google Search
D. PubMed/MEDLINE
E. Wikipedia
F. PsycINFO
Correct Answer: A, B, D, F
Explanation: CINAHL is the primary database for nursing and allied health literature. The
Cochrane Database is the gold standard for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. PubMed
and PsycINFO provide peer-reviewed medical and psychological research, whereas Google
and Wikipedia are not considered reliable scholarly databases for evidence-based practice.
,2. Which level of evidence represents the highest level in the hierarchy of evidence for a
clinical intervention study?
A. Systematic review or meta-analysis of all relevant RCTs
B. Single Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
C. Case-control studies
D. Expert opinion of clinical leaders
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: A systematic review or meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs)
is considered Level I evidence, which is the highest level of evidence. This is because it
synthesizes data from multiple high-quality studies to provide a more definitive answer.
Single RCTs follow as Level II, while observational studies and expert opinions represent
lower tiers of the hierarchy.
3. In the PICOT format, what does the ‘T’ represent?
A. Treatment
B. Test
C. Timeframe
D. Target Population
Correct Answer: C
, Explanation: The ‘T’ in PICOT stands for the timeframe or time needed to produce an
outcome. This element defines how long the intervention will be implemented or how long
the population will be observed. Establishing a specific timeframe helps in making the
clinical question measurable and focused.
4. A nurse manager is implementing a new hand-hygiene protocol based on the Iowa Model.
What is the first step in this model of evidence-based practice?
A. Formulate a team
B. Pilot the change
C. Search for evidence
D. Identify a trigger (problem-focused or knowledge-focused)
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The Iowa Model begins with a trigger, which can be a problem-focused
trigger like increased infection rates or a knowledge-focused trigger like a new clinical
guideline. Identifying this trigger is essential to determining the clinical relevance of the
project. Only after the trigger is identified does the team move to assemble and review the
evidence.
5. Which qualitative research tradition focuses on the lived experience of individuals in a
specific phenomenon?
A. Grounded Theory
B. Phenomenology
Project Capstone | Actual Q&A with Rationale
(NSG448 Exam 2) | Grand Canyon University
1. A nurse is conducting a literature search for an EBP project on fall prevention. Which of the
following databases should be prioritized to locate high-quality nursing research and
systematic reviews? (Select all that apply)
A. CINAHL
B. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
C. Google Search
D. PubMed/MEDLINE
E. Wikipedia
F. PsycINFO
Correct Answer: A, B, D, F
Explanation: CINAHL is the primary database for nursing and allied health literature. The
Cochrane Database is the gold standard for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. PubMed
and PsycINFO provide peer-reviewed medical and psychological research, whereas Google
and Wikipedia are not considered reliable scholarly databases for evidence-based practice.
,2. Which level of evidence represents the highest level in the hierarchy of evidence for a
clinical intervention study?
A. Systematic review or meta-analysis of all relevant RCTs
B. Single Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
C. Case-control studies
D. Expert opinion of clinical leaders
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: A systematic review or meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs)
is considered Level I evidence, which is the highest level of evidence. This is because it
synthesizes data from multiple high-quality studies to provide a more definitive answer.
Single RCTs follow as Level II, while observational studies and expert opinions represent
lower tiers of the hierarchy.
3. In the PICOT format, what does the ‘T’ represent?
A. Treatment
B. Test
C. Timeframe
D. Target Population
Correct Answer: C
, Explanation: The ‘T’ in PICOT stands for the timeframe or time needed to produce an
outcome. This element defines how long the intervention will be implemented or how long
the population will be observed. Establishing a specific timeframe helps in making the
clinical question measurable and focused.
4. A nurse manager is implementing a new hand-hygiene protocol based on the Iowa Model.
What is the first step in this model of evidence-based practice?
A. Formulate a team
B. Pilot the change
C. Search for evidence
D. Identify a trigger (problem-focused or knowledge-focused)
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The Iowa Model begins with a trigger, which can be a problem-focused
trigger like increased infection rates or a knowledge-focused trigger like a new clinical
guideline. Identifying this trigger is essential to determining the clinical relevance of the
project. Only after the trigger is identified does the team move to assemble and review the
evidence.
5. Which qualitative research tradition focuses on the lived experience of individuals in a
specific phenomenon?
A. Grounded Theory
B. Phenomenology
