NSG 436 Exam 3 V1 | NSG 436 Leadership, Ethics,
and Policy in Health Care | Actual Q&A with
Rationale (NSG436 Exam 3) | Grand Canyon
University
1. A nurse manager is applying the principle of justice in the unit’s daily operations. Which
action best demonstrates this ethical principle?
A. Making decisions based solely on the manager’s personal preference for certain
employees.
B. Allowing a high-performing nurse to take every weekend off while others work.
C. Sharing a patient’s private medical history with unauthorized family members.
D. Ensuring that staffing schedules are created fairly and resources are distributed
equitably among all staff.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Justice in nursing leadership refers to the fair and equitable distribution of
benefits and burdens. By ensuring that staffing and resources are handled without bias, the
manager upholds the professional standard of fairness. This principle prevents favoritism
and ensures that every team member is treated with equal consideration.
2. A nurse is advocating for a change in health policy at the state level. Which of the following
actions are appropriate for a nurse advocate to take? (Select all that apply)
A. Joining a professional nursing organization like the American Nurses Association (ANA).
,B. Writing letters or emails to local legislators regarding healthcare issues.
C. Participating in ‘Nurses Day at the Capitol’ to meet with representatives.
D. Ignoring the legislative process and focusing only on bedside care.
E. Educating patients and the community on how certain policies affect their health
outcomes.
F. Collaborating with interprofessional teams to draft policy briefs.
Correct Answer: A, B, C, E, F
Explanation: Nurse advocates play a vital role in shaping health policy through
organizational involvement and direct communication with lawmakers. Engaging with
professional bodies and participating in legislative events increases the collective voice of
the nursing profession. Educating the public and collaborating with others ensures that
policy changes are grounded in clinical reality and patient needs.
3. A transformational leader is working to improve unit morale and patient outcomes. Which
characteristic is most associated with this leadership style?
A. Inspiring and motivating staff through a shared vision and intellectual stimulation.
B. Using a system of rewards and punishments to manage staff behavior.
C. Focusing strictly on daily tasks and administrative compliance.
D. Maintaining a hands-off approach and letting the staff do as they please.
Correct Answer: A
,Explanation: Transformational leadership is defined by its ability to empower followers to
exceed their own self-interests for the good of the organization. This style emphasizes
personal growth, innovation, and a collective commitment to a higher purpose. Unlike
transactional leadership, it focuses on long-term growth and systemic improvement rather
than mere task completion.
4. According to the ANA Code of Ethics, what is the nurse’s primary commitment?
A. The physician in charge of the patient’s care.
B. The healthcare institution that employs the nurse.
C. The patient, whether an individual, family, group, community, or population.
D. The nurse’s own professional advancement and career goals.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The ANA Code of Ethics explicitly states that the nurse’s primary loyalty and
commitment are to the patient. This includes protecting the patient’s rights, health, and
safety across various care settings. While nurses have responsibilities to their employers
and colleagues, the patient’s welfare must always remain the central priority.
5. A nurse manager is utilizing Lewin’s Change Theory to implement a new electronic health
record system. During the ‘unfreezing’ stage, what should the manager focus on?
A. Integrating the new system into the daily routine so it becomes the norm.
B. Creating awareness of the need for change and overcoming resistance.
C. Providing training sessions and technical support during the transition.
, D. Evaluating the success of the implementation after six months.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The unfreezing stage involves preparing the organization to accept that
change is necessary, which requires breaking down existing beliefs. Leaders must
effectively communicate the ‘why’ behind the change to reduce psychological resistance
among staff. This phase is critical because without a perceived need for change, the
subsequent ‘moving’ phase is likely to fail.
6. When delegating tasks to an Unlicensed Assistive Personnel (UAP), which of the following
‘Five Rights of Delegation’ must the nurse consider? (Select all that apply)
A. Right Task
B. Right Circumstance
C. Right Person
D. Right Direction/Communication
E. Right Supervision/Evaluation
F. Right Compensation
Correct Answer: A, B, C, D, E
Explanation: The Five Rights of Delegation provide a framework for safe and effective
nursing practice when assigning tasks to others. The nurse must ensure the task is
appropriate, the patient is stable, the delegatee is competent, the instructions are clear, and
and Policy in Health Care | Actual Q&A with
Rationale (NSG436 Exam 3) | Grand Canyon
University
1. A nurse manager is applying the principle of justice in the unit’s daily operations. Which
action best demonstrates this ethical principle?
A. Making decisions based solely on the manager’s personal preference for certain
employees.
B. Allowing a high-performing nurse to take every weekend off while others work.
C. Sharing a patient’s private medical history with unauthorized family members.
D. Ensuring that staffing schedules are created fairly and resources are distributed
equitably among all staff.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Justice in nursing leadership refers to the fair and equitable distribution of
benefits and burdens. By ensuring that staffing and resources are handled without bias, the
manager upholds the professional standard of fairness. This principle prevents favoritism
and ensures that every team member is treated with equal consideration.
2. A nurse is advocating for a change in health policy at the state level. Which of the following
actions are appropriate for a nurse advocate to take? (Select all that apply)
A. Joining a professional nursing organization like the American Nurses Association (ANA).
,B. Writing letters or emails to local legislators regarding healthcare issues.
C. Participating in ‘Nurses Day at the Capitol’ to meet with representatives.
D. Ignoring the legislative process and focusing only on bedside care.
E. Educating patients and the community on how certain policies affect their health
outcomes.
F. Collaborating with interprofessional teams to draft policy briefs.
Correct Answer: A, B, C, E, F
Explanation: Nurse advocates play a vital role in shaping health policy through
organizational involvement and direct communication with lawmakers. Engaging with
professional bodies and participating in legislative events increases the collective voice of
the nursing profession. Educating the public and collaborating with others ensures that
policy changes are grounded in clinical reality and patient needs.
3. A transformational leader is working to improve unit morale and patient outcomes. Which
characteristic is most associated with this leadership style?
A. Inspiring and motivating staff through a shared vision and intellectual stimulation.
B. Using a system of rewards and punishments to manage staff behavior.
C. Focusing strictly on daily tasks and administrative compliance.
D. Maintaining a hands-off approach and letting the staff do as they please.
Correct Answer: A
,Explanation: Transformational leadership is defined by its ability to empower followers to
exceed their own self-interests for the good of the organization. This style emphasizes
personal growth, innovation, and a collective commitment to a higher purpose. Unlike
transactional leadership, it focuses on long-term growth and systemic improvement rather
than mere task completion.
4. According to the ANA Code of Ethics, what is the nurse’s primary commitment?
A. The physician in charge of the patient’s care.
B. The healthcare institution that employs the nurse.
C. The patient, whether an individual, family, group, community, or population.
D. The nurse’s own professional advancement and career goals.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The ANA Code of Ethics explicitly states that the nurse’s primary loyalty and
commitment are to the patient. This includes protecting the patient’s rights, health, and
safety across various care settings. While nurses have responsibilities to their employers
and colleagues, the patient’s welfare must always remain the central priority.
5. A nurse manager is utilizing Lewin’s Change Theory to implement a new electronic health
record system. During the ‘unfreezing’ stage, what should the manager focus on?
A. Integrating the new system into the daily routine so it becomes the norm.
B. Creating awareness of the need for change and overcoming resistance.
C. Providing training sessions and technical support during the transition.
, D. Evaluating the success of the implementation after six months.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The unfreezing stage involves preparing the organization to accept that
change is necessary, which requires breaking down existing beliefs. Leaders must
effectively communicate the ‘why’ behind the change to reduce psychological resistance
among staff. This phase is critical because without a perceived need for change, the
subsequent ‘moving’ phase is likely to fail.
6. When delegating tasks to an Unlicensed Assistive Personnel (UAP), which of the following
‘Five Rights of Delegation’ must the nurse consider? (Select all that apply)
A. Right Task
B. Right Circumstance
C. Right Person
D. Right Direction/Communication
E. Right Supervision/Evaluation
F. Right Compensation
Correct Answer: A, B, C, D, E
Explanation: The Five Rights of Delegation provide a framework for safe and effective
nursing practice when assigning tasks to others. The nurse must ensure the task is
appropriate, the patient is stable, the delegatee is competent, the instructions are clear, and
