NRSG 100 Exam 3 V1 | NRSG 100 Fundamentals of
Nursing | Actual Q&A with Rationale (NRSG100
Exam 3) | Ivy Tech
1. A nurse is verifying the placement of a newly inserted nasogastric tube. Which method is
considered the gold standard for confirmation?
A. Checking the color of the aspirate
B. Aspirating gastric contents to check pH
C. Auscultating for an air bolus in the epigastric area
D. Chest x-ray for radiological confirmation
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Radiological confirmation via X-ray is the most reliable method to ensure the
tube is in the stomach rather than the lungs. pH testing is a secondary bedside method but
does not provide the definitive visualization of an X-ray. Ensuring correct placement is vital
to prevent aspiration and respiratory distress during enteral feedings.
2. A client is prescribed a clear liquid diet post-surgery. Which food item should the nurse
provide?
A. Chicken broth
B. Orange juice with pulp
C. Vanilla pudding
,D. Low-fat milk
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Clear liquids must be transparent at room temperature and leave minimal
residue in the digestive tract. Chicken broth fits these criteria, whereas milk and pudding
contain dairy which is excluded. Pulp-containing juices are also restricted because they
provide fiber that the diet aims to avoid.
3. A nurse is assessing a patient for urinary retention. Which initial non-invasive assessment
should the nurse perform?
A. Bladder ultrasound scanner
B. Straight catheterization
C. Digital rectal exam
D. Intravenous pyelogram
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: A bladder scanner provides a non-invasive way to measure the volume of
urine remaining in the bladder. This tool helps nurses determine if catheterization is
necessary without introducing the risk of infection. It is a prioritized first step in clinical
decision-making for suspected retention.
4. To prevent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in a female patient, what education should the
nurse prioritize?
A. Limit fluid intake to 1 liter per day
, B. Wipe the perineal area from front to back
C. Use scented soaps for perineal hygiene
D. Wear nylon underwear for breathability
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Wiping from front to back prevents the migration of fecal bacteria, such as E.
coli, into the urethral opening. Increased fluid intake is encouraged to flush the urinary
system, not restricted. Cotton underwear is preferred over nylon to reduce moisture and
bacterial growth.
5. A nurse is collecting a stool specimen for an occult blood test. Which action is correct?
A. Avoid testing if the patient has consumed red meat in the last 72 hours
B. Take samples from two different areas of the stool
C. Place the sample in a sterile container
D. Apply a thick layer of stool to the entire guaiac slide
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Red meat contains hemoglobin which can cause a false-positive result in
guaiac-based fecal occult blood tests. Nurses should screen the patient’s recent diet to
ensure the accuracy of the diagnostic result. A thin smear, not a thick layer, is required for
proper reagent reaction on the test card.
Nursing | Actual Q&A with Rationale (NRSG100
Exam 3) | Ivy Tech
1. A nurse is verifying the placement of a newly inserted nasogastric tube. Which method is
considered the gold standard for confirmation?
A. Checking the color of the aspirate
B. Aspirating gastric contents to check pH
C. Auscultating for an air bolus in the epigastric area
D. Chest x-ray for radiological confirmation
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Radiological confirmation via X-ray is the most reliable method to ensure the
tube is in the stomach rather than the lungs. pH testing is a secondary bedside method but
does not provide the definitive visualization of an X-ray. Ensuring correct placement is vital
to prevent aspiration and respiratory distress during enteral feedings.
2. A client is prescribed a clear liquid diet post-surgery. Which food item should the nurse
provide?
A. Chicken broth
B. Orange juice with pulp
C. Vanilla pudding
,D. Low-fat milk
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Clear liquids must be transparent at room temperature and leave minimal
residue in the digestive tract. Chicken broth fits these criteria, whereas milk and pudding
contain dairy which is excluded. Pulp-containing juices are also restricted because they
provide fiber that the diet aims to avoid.
3. A nurse is assessing a patient for urinary retention. Which initial non-invasive assessment
should the nurse perform?
A. Bladder ultrasound scanner
B. Straight catheterization
C. Digital rectal exam
D. Intravenous pyelogram
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: A bladder scanner provides a non-invasive way to measure the volume of
urine remaining in the bladder. This tool helps nurses determine if catheterization is
necessary without introducing the risk of infection. It is a prioritized first step in clinical
decision-making for suspected retention.
4. To prevent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in a female patient, what education should the
nurse prioritize?
A. Limit fluid intake to 1 liter per day
, B. Wipe the perineal area from front to back
C. Use scented soaps for perineal hygiene
D. Wear nylon underwear for breathability
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Wiping from front to back prevents the migration of fecal bacteria, such as E.
coli, into the urethral opening. Increased fluid intake is encouraged to flush the urinary
system, not restricted. Cotton underwear is preferred over nylon to reduce moisture and
bacterial growth.
5. A nurse is collecting a stool specimen for an occult blood test. Which action is correct?
A. Avoid testing if the patient has consumed red meat in the last 72 hours
B. Take samples from two different areas of the stool
C. Place the sample in a sterile container
D. Apply a thick layer of stool to the entire guaiac slide
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Red meat contains hemoglobin which can cause a false-positive result in
guaiac-based fecal occult blood tests. Nurses should screen the patient’s recent diet to
ensure the accuracy of the diagnostic result. A thin smear, not a thick layer, is required for
proper reagent reaction on the test card.
