NR 599 NURSING INFORMATICS –
ACADEMIC YEAR 2026/2027 – MIDTERM
COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION |
VERIFIED QUESTIONS
DOMAIN 1: NURSING INFORMATICS FOUNDATIONS AND CORE
COMPETENCIES
Question 1. Which of the following best defines nursing informatics?
A. The exclusive use of computers for billing
B. The specialty that integrates nursing science with information and
analytical sciences to manage and communicate data, information, knowledge,
and wisdom in nursing care
C. Only the installation of electronic health records
D. A field limited to information technology support staff
Rationale: Nursing informatics combines nursing science, computer science, and
information science to support data-driven clinical care, decision-making, and
knowledge generation across the care continuum.
Question 2. According to foundational informatics models, the progression from
data to wisdom typically follows which sequence?
A. Data → Information → Knowledge → Wisdom
B. Wisdom → Knowledge → Information → Data
C. Information → Data → Wisdom → Knowledge
D. Knowledge → Data → Information → Wisdom
Rationale: The standard continuum moves from raw data (facts) to information
(organized data), knowledge (applied information), and wisdom (appropriate use
of knowledge for human benefit).
Question 3. Which organization has defined core competencies for nursing
informatics that guide education and professional development?
,A. Only the American Medical Association
B. The American Nurses Association (ANA) and related informatics specialty
groups
C. Only hardware manufacturers
D. Only state boards of nursing without national input
Rationale: The ANA and specialty organizations such as the Alliance for Nursing
Informatics have articulated competencies that span computer literacy,
information literacy, and informatics specialty skills.
Question 4. A nurse who uses clinical data to identify a unit-level trend in
medication delays is primarily functioning at which level of informatics
competency?
A. Basic computer literacy only
B. Information literacy and applied informatics to support quality
improvement
C. Hardware troubleshooting exclusively
D. Software coding exclusively
Rationale: Using data to identify trends and support improvement reflects
information literacy and applied informatics competencies beyond basic computer
skills.
Question 5. Which of the following is a core competency of the informatics nurse
specialist?
A. Only entering orders into the EHR
B. System design, data analysis, and translation of clinical needs into
technology solutions
C. Only repairing computer hardware
D. Only managing billing codes
Rationale: Informatics nurse specialists are prepared to lead system design, data
analysis, and the translation of clinical requirements into technology solutions,
among other advanced competencies.
,Question 6. What is the primary focus of the Foundation of Knowledge model?
A. How data, information, knowledge, and wisdom are acquired, processed,
and used
B. How to install computer hardware
C. How to code software
D. How to manage hospital finances
Rationale: The Foundation of Knowledge model describes how data, information,
knowledge, and wisdom are acquired, processed, and used to support decision-
making and knowledge generation.
Question 7. Which of the following is an example of data in the DIKW
framework?
A. A nurse's interpretation of a patient's condition
B. A single blood pressure reading of 120/80 mm Hg
C. A plan of care
D. A clinical practice guideline
Rationale: Data are raw facts without interpretation, such as a single blood
pressure reading. Information adds context; knowledge applies information;
wisdom uses knowledge appropriately.
Question 8. Which of the following is an example of information in the DIKW
framework?
A. A single temperature reading
B. A trend of increasing temperatures over 24 hours
C. A diagnosis of sepsis
D. A clinical guideline for sepsis management
Rationale: Information is data organized and interpreted with context, such as a
trend of increasing temperatures over a 24-hour period.
Question 9. Which of the following is an example of knowledge in the DIKW
framework?
, A. A single blood glucose reading
B. A trend of blood glucose readings
C. Recognition that a trend of rising glucose indicates poor glycemic control
D. A policy on glucose monitoring
Rationale: Knowledge is the application of information to recognize patterns or
make judgments, such as recognizing that rising glucose levels indicate poor
glycemic control.
Question 10. Which of the following is an example of wisdom in the DIKW
framework?
A. A single lab value
B. A trend of lab values
C. A diagnosis
D. Choosing the most appropriate intervention for a patient based on data,
information, and knowledge
Rationale: Wisdom is the appropriate use of knowledge to make decisions and take
action for human benefit, such as selecting the best intervention for a specific
patient.
Question 11. Which of the following best describes the role of the informatics
nurse?
A. Only providing direct patient care
B. Supporting the integration of technology into nursing practice to improve
patient outcomes
C. Only managing hospital finances
D. Only repairing computer hardware
Rationale: Informatics nurses support the integration of technology into nursing
practice, education, and research to improve patient outcomes and workflow
efficiency.
Question 12. Which competency is essential for the informatics nurse specialist?
ACADEMIC YEAR 2026/2027 – MIDTERM
COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION |
VERIFIED QUESTIONS
DOMAIN 1: NURSING INFORMATICS FOUNDATIONS AND CORE
COMPETENCIES
Question 1. Which of the following best defines nursing informatics?
A. The exclusive use of computers for billing
B. The specialty that integrates nursing science with information and
analytical sciences to manage and communicate data, information, knowledge,
and wisdom in nursing care
C. Only the installation of electronic health records
D. A field limited to information technology support staff
Rationale: Nursing informatics combines nursing science, computer science, and
information science to support data-driven clinical care, decision-making, and
knowledge generation across the care continuum.
Question 2. According to foundational informatics models, the progression from
data to wisdom typically follows which sequence?
A. Data → Information → Knowledge → Wisdom
B. Wisdom → Knowledge → Information → Data
C. Information → Data → Wisdom → Knowledge
D. Knowledge → Data → Information → Wisdom
Rationale: The standard continuum moves from raw data (facts) to information
(organized data), knowledge (applied information), and wisdom (appropriate use
of knowledge for human benefit).
Question 3. Which organization has defined core competencies for nursing
informatics that guide education and professional development?
,A. Only the American Medical Association
B. The American Nurses Association (ANA) and related informatics specialty
groups
C. Only hardware manufacturers
D. Only state boards of nursing without national input
Rationale: The ANA and specialty organizations such as the Alliance for Nursing
Informatics have articulated competencies that span computer literacy,
information literacy, and informatics specialty skills.
Question 4. A nurse who uses clinical data to identify a unit-level trend in
medication delays is primarily functioning at which level of informatics
competency?
A. Basic computer literacy only
B. Information literacy and applied informatics to support quality
improvement
C. Hardware troubleshooting exclusively
D. Software coding exclusively
Rationale: Using data to identify trends and support improvement reflects
information literacy and applied informatics competencies beyond basic computer
skills.
Question 5. Which of the following is a core competency of the informatics nurse
specialist?
A. Only entering orders into the EHR
B. System design, data analysis, and translation of clinical needs into
technology solutions
C. Only repairing computer hardware
D. Only managing billing codes
Rationale: Informatics nurse specialists are prepared to lead system design, data
analysis, and the translation of clinical requirements into technology solutions,
among other advanced competencies.
,Question 6. What is the primary focus of the Foundation of Knowledge model?
A. How data, information, knowledge, and wisdom are acquired, processed,
and used
B. How to install computer hardware
C. How to code software
D. How to manage hospital finances
Rationale: The Foundation of Knowledge model describes how data, information,
knowledge, and wisdom are acquired, processed, and used to support decision-
making and knowledge generation.
Question 7. Which of the following is an example of data in the DIKW
framework?
A. A nurse's interpretation of a patient's condition
B. A single blood pressure reading of 120/80 mm Hg
C. A plan of care
D. A clinical practice guideline
Rationale: Data are raw facts without interpretation, such as a single blood
pressure reading. Information adds context; knowledge applies information;
wisdom uses knowledge appropriately.
Question 8. Which of the following is an example of information in the DIKW
framework?
A. A single temperature reading
B. A trend of increasing temperatures over 24 hours
C. A diagnosis of sepsis
D. A clinical guideline for sepsis management
Rationale: Information is data organized and interpreted with context, such as a
trend of increasing temperatures over a 24-hour period.
Question 9. Which of the following is an example of knowledge in the DIKW
framework?
, A. A single blood glucose reading
B. A trend of blood glucose readings
C. Recognition that a trend of rising glucose indicates poor glycemic control
D. A policy on glucose monitoring
Rationale: Knowledge is the application of information to recognize patterns or
make judgments, such as recognizing that rising glucose levels indicate poor
glycemic control.
Question 10. Which of the following is an example of wisdom in the DIKW
framework?
A. A single lab value
B. A trend of lab values
C. A diagnosis
D. Choosing the most appropriate intervention for a patient based on data,
information, and knowledge
Rationale: Wisdom is the appropriate use of knowledge to make decisions and take
action for human benefit, such as selecting the best intervention for a specific
patient.
Question 11. Which of the following best describes the role of the informatics
nurse?
A. Only providing direct patient care
B. Supporting the integration of technology into nursing practice to improve
patient outcomes
C. Only managing hospital finances
D. Only repairing computer hardware
Rationale: Informatics nurses support the integration of technology into nursing
practice, education, and research to improve patient outcomes and workflow
efficiency.
Question 12. Which competency is essential for the informatics nurse specialist?
