NUR 317 FINAL EXAM 2026/2027 – QUESTIONS, STUDY GUIDE
& PRACTICE REVIEW
Most common a cyanotic defects - Correct answer ✔✔ ASD, VSD, PDA
Simple surgery
Most common cyanotic defects - Correct answer ✔✔ TOF, Transposition of the great vessels
Complex surgery
Congenital heart disease - Correct answer ✔✔ most common cardiac problem in children
Most frequent symptom: tachycardia
Most frequent parental complaint: difficulty feeding
Exact cause unknown
acquired heart disease - Correct answer ✔✔ Rheumatic Fever
Kawasaki Disease
Fetal circulation - Correct answer ✔✔ Pressure greater on right side
Lungs do not function
Oxygenated blood carried by veins
fetal adaptations - Correct answer ✔✔ umbilical vein
ductus venosus
foramen ovale
ductus arteriosus
umbilical artery
,Nursing observations of congenital heart disease - Correct answer ✔✔ Tachycardia
Tachypnea
Poor growth
Cyanosis
Murmurs
CHF
Cyanotic heart defects:
Tet. spells
Clubbing of fingers and toes
Polycythemia
Diagnosis CHD - Correct answer ✔✔ EKG
ECHO
Chest xray
CBC, PT, PTT
ABG's
Ultrasound
Cardiac catheterization
Cardiac catheterization - Correct answer ✔✔ Monitor:
Pulse (rate & rhythm)
Bleeding at site
Pressure dressing
Limit activity x 24 hours post-cath
,Therapeutic Nursing Care CHD - Correct answer ✔✔ Promote adequate oxygenation:
O2, Loose fitting clothing, Positioning for oxygenation ,Suction,Administer digoxin
Provide adequate nutrition:
Low Na formula & foods, I/O, daily wts, monitor for growth, garage supplementation, Hi Fe, hi
K+
Prevent infection:
Universal precautions, good handwashing, limited visitation, primary nursing, monitor for
infection
Acyanotic Defects - Correct answer ✔✔ Result in completely oxygenated blood entering the
aorta
Left-to-right shunting
Increased blood flow to the lung
Right sided hypertrophy
Cyanotic Defects - Correct answer ✔✔ Deoxygenated blood enters the aorta and systemic
circulation and is mixed with oxygenated blood
Results in right-to-left shunting of the blood decreased blood flow to the lungs; aorta receives
blood from the right side of the heart
CHF - Correct answer ✔✔ 90% of children with CHD develop CHF in the first year of life
Most commonly manifested in children with bilateral failure; unilateral failure is uncommon
Therapeutic nursing care CHF - Correct answer ✔✔ Digoxin
Diuretics
Electrolytes
Sedative/analgesic
, 2 Goals with heart surgery - Correct answer ✔✔ Maximize oxygen delivery
Minimize oxygen demand
Kawasaki's Disease - Correct answer ✔✔ Acute
Febrile
Multi-system disorder
Autoimmune
Low fatality rate
etiology unknown
Preceded by URI
Fever lasting 5 or more days >100
At least one 4 of the following:
-Bilateral, non purulent conjunctivitis
-Changes in lips and oral cavity
-Changes in peripheral extremities
-Rash, usually on trunk, diaper area and face
Acute Phase
-1 to 2 weeks
Subacute Phase
-2 to 4 weeks
Convalescent Phase
-4 to 8 weeks
Tx for Kawasaki disease - Correct answer ✔✔ -IV gamma globulin
-Aspirin
-Joint assessment
& PRACTICE REVIEW
Most common a cyanotic defects - Correct answer ✔✔ ASD, VSD, PDA
Simple surgery
Most common cyanotic defects - Correct answer ✔✔ TOF, Transposition of the great vessels
Complex surgery
Congenital heart disease - Correct answer ✔✔ most common cardiac problem in children
Most frequent symptom: tachycardia
Most frequent parental complaint: difficulty feeding
Exact cause unknown
acquired heart disease - Correct answer ✔✔ Rheumatic Fever
Kawasaki Disease
Fetal circulation - Correct answer ✔✔ Pressure greater on right side
Lungs do not function
Oxygenated blood carried by veins
fetal adaptations - Correct answer ✔✔ umbilical vein
ductus venosus
foramen ovale
ductus arteriosus
umbilical artery
,Nursing observations of congenital heart disease - Correct answer ✔✔ Tachycardia
Tachypnea
Poor growth
Cyanosis
Murmurs
CHF
Cyanotic heart defects:
Tet. spells
Clubbing of fingers and toes
Polycythemia
Diagnosis CHD - Correct answer ✔✔ EKG
ECHO
Chest xray
CBC, PT, PTT
ABG's
Ultrasound
Cardiac catheterization
Cardiac catheterization - Correct answer ✔✔ Monitor:
Pulse (rate & rhythm)
Bleeding at site
Pressure dressing
Limit activity x 24 hours post-cath
,Therapeutic Nursing Care CHD - Correct answer ✔✔ Promote adequate oxygenation:
O2, Loose fitting clothing, Positioning for oxygenation ,Suction,Administer digoxin
Provide adequate nutrition:
Low Na formula & foods, I/O, daily wts, monitor for growth, garage supplementation, Hi Fe, hi
K+
Prevent infection:
Universal precautions, good handwashing, limited visitation, primary nursing, monitor for
infection
Acyanotic Defects - Correct answer ✔✔ Result in completely oxygenated blood entering the
aorta
Left-to-right shunting
Increased blood flow to the lung
Right sided hypertrophy
Cyanotic Defects - Correct answer ✔✔ Deoxygenated blood enters the aorta and systemic
circulation and is mixed with oxygenated blood
Results in right-to-left shunting of the blood decreased blood flow to the lungs; aorta receives
blood from the right side of the heart
CHF - Correct answer ✔✔ 90% of children with CHD develop CHF in the first year of life
Most commonly manifested in children with bilateral failure; unilateral failure is uncommon
Therapeutic nursing care CHF - Correct answer ✔✔ Digoxin
Diuretics
Electrolytes
Sedative/analgesic
, 2 Goals with heart surgery - Correct answer ✔✔ Maximize oxygen delivery
Minimize oxygen demand
Kawasaki's Disease - Correct answer ✔✔ Acute
Febrile
Multi-system disorder
Autoimmune
Low fatality rate
etiology unknown
Preceded by URI
Fever lasting 5 or more days >100
At least one 4 of the following:
-Bilateral, non purulent conjunctivitis
-Changes in lips and oral cavity
-Changes in peripheral extremities
-Rash, usually on trunk, diaper area and face
Acute Phase
-1 to 2 weeks
Subacute Phase
-2 to 4 weeks
Convalescent Phase
-4 to 8 weeks
Tx for Kawasaki disease - Correct answer ✔✔ -IV gamma globulin
-Aspirin
-Joint assessment
