BIOL 1010 Exam 2 Study Guide
Questions and All Correct Answers
2026-2027 Updated.
What are the three main components of the cardiovascular system? - Answer Blood vessels,
blood, and heart.
What type of blood do arteries carry? - Answer Oxygen-rich blood away from the heart.
What is the largest artery in the body? - Answer The aorta.
What is the function of capillaries? - Answer To connect arteries to veins and exchange
nutrients with tissues.
What do veins do? - Answer Carry oxygen-poor blood from capillaries back to the heart.
What is the largest vein in the body? - Answer The vena cava.
What are the three main functions of blood? - Answer Transport nutrients, maintain
homeostasis, and provide immunity.
What is the upper layer of blood when centrifuged? - Answer Plasma.
What are red blood cells also known as? - Answer Erythrocytes.
What is the primary function of red blood cells? - Answer To carry oxygen using hemoglobin.
What are white blood cells also known as? - Answer Leukocytes.
What is the role of white blood cells? - Answer To fight infection and generate immunity.
What are platelets also known as? - Answer Thrombocytes.
What is the function of platelets? - Answer Involved in blood clotting (coagulation).
, What is the cardiac muscular tissue of the heart called? - Answer Myocardium.
How many chambers does the heart have? - Answer Four chambers: two atria and two
ventricles.
What separates the left and right sides of the heart? - Answer The septum.
What is the path of oxygen-poor blood through the heart? - Answer Vena Cava > Right Atrium
> Tricuspid Valve > Right Ventricle > Pulmonary Artery > Lungs.
What is the path of oxygen-rich blood through the heart? - Answer Pulmonary Vein > Left
Atrium > Bicuspid (Mitral) Valve > Left Ventricle > Aorta > Rest of body.
What is systole? - Answer The contraction of heart muscle.
What is diastole? - Answer The relaxation of heart muscle.
What part of the brain controls the heart's beating? - Answer The medulla oblongata.
What is blood pressure? - Answer The pressure exerted by circulating blood on the walls of
blood vessels.
What device is used to measure blood pressure? - Answer Sphygmomanometer.
What is atherosclerosis? - Answer The accumulation of cholesterol in the lining of arteries,
often referred to as plaque.
What can happen as a result of atherosclerosis? - Answer It can interfere with blood flow and
lead to clot formation.
What is hypertension? - Answer High blood pressure.
What is a common cardiovascular disorder that can lead to a heart attack? - Answer
Atherosclerosis.
What is hemophilia? - Answer A condition where there is a deficiency in clotting factors.
Questions and All Correct Answers
2026-2027 Updated.
What are the three main components of the cardiovascular system? - Answer Blood vessels,
blood, and heart.
What type of blood do arteries carry? - Answer Oxygen-rich blood away from the heart.
What is the largest artery in the body? - Answer The aorta.
What is the function of capillaries? - Answer To connect arteries to veins and exchange
nutrients with tissues.
What do veins do? - Answer Carry oxygen-poor blood from capillaries back to the heart.
What is the largest vein in the body? - Answer The vena cava.
What are the three main functions of blood? - Answer Transport nutrients, maintain
homeostasis, and provide immunity.
What is the upper layer of blood when centrifuged? - Answer Plasma.
What are red blood cells also known as? - Answer Erythrocytes.
What is the primary function of red blood cells? - Answer To carry oxygen using hemoglobin.
What are white blood cells also known as? - Answer Leukocytes.
What is the role of white blood cells? - Answer To fight infection and generate immunity.
What are platelets also known as? - Answer Thrombocytes.
What is the function of platelets? - Answer Involved in blood clotting (coagulation).
, What is the cardiac muscular tissue of the heart called? - Answer Myocardium.
How many chambers does the heart have? - Answer Four chambers: two atria and two
ventricles.
What separates the left and right sides of the heart? - Answer The septum.
What is the path of oxygen-poor blood through the heart? - Answer Vena Cava > Right Atrium
> Tricuspid Valve > Right Ventricle > Pulmonary Artery > Lungs.
What is the path of oxygen-rich blood through the heart? - Answer Pulmonary Vein > Left
Atrium > Bicuspid (Mitral) Valve > Left Ventricle > Aorta > Rest of body.
What is systole? - Answer The contraction of heart muscle.
What is diastole? - Answer The relaxation of heart muscle.
What part of the brain controls the heart's beating? - Answer The medulla oblongata.
What is blood pressure? - Answer The pressure exerted by circulating blood on the walls of
blood vessels.
What device is used to measure blood pressure? - Answer Sphygmomanometer.
What is atherosclerosis? - Answer The accumulation of cholesterol in the lining of arteries,
often referred to as plaque.
What can happen as a result of atherosclerosis? - Answer It can interfere with blood flow and
lead to clot formation.
What is hypertension? - Answer High blood pressure.
What is a common cardiovascular disorder that can lead to a heart attack? - Answer
Atherosclerosis.
What is hemophilia? - Answer A condition where there is a deficiency in clotting factors.
