BSN HESI 266 MED SURG FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
(LATEST ), (A+ GUARANTEE).
1. A client with an acute myocardial infarction is experiencing cardiogenic shock. Which
clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to find?
A. Bounding peripheral pulses
B. Decreased mean arterial pressure (MAP)
C. Increased urine output
D. Warm, flushed skin
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Cardiogenic shock occurs when the heart fails to pump
effectively, leading to decreased cardiac output and decreased MAP. Findings typically
include cool, clammy skin and decreased urine output due to poor perfusion.
2. The nurse is caring for a client with Addison’s disease. Which laboratory result is most
consistent with this diagnosis?
A. Serum potassium 3.2 mEq/L
B. Serum sodium 128 mEq/L
C. Blood glucose 150 mg/dL
,D. Serum calcium 8.5 mg/dL
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Addison’s disease involves adrenal insufficiency, leading to low
cortisol and aldosterone. This causes hyponatremia (low sodium), hyperkalemia (high
potassium), and hypoglycemia.
3. A client is admitted with Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA). The nurse should prioritize which
intervention?
A. Administering bicarbonate to correct pH
B. Ordering a high-potassium diet
C. Subcutaneous administration of glargine insulin
D. Rapid infusion of 0.9% Normal Saline
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: The priority in DKA is fluid resuscitation to restore circulatory
volume and perfusion before or concurrent with starting an insulin drip.
4. Which assessment finding in a client with a chest tube requires immediate intervention?
A. Tidaling in the water-seal chamber
B. Continuous bubbling in the water-seal chamber
C. Drainage of 50 mL of serosanguineous fluid in 2 hours
D. Intermittent bubbling during expiration
, Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Continuous bubbling in the water-seal chamber indicates a large
air leak in the system or the client’s pleural space, requiring immediate troubleshooting.
5. A client is recovering from a thyroidectomy. The nurse notes the client has developed
laryngeal stridor and tingling in the fingertips. Which medication should the nurse have
readily available?
A. Potassium chloride
B. Calcium gluconate
C. Sodium bicarbonate
D. Magnesium sulfate
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: These symptoms suggest hypocalcemia resulting from
accidental parathyroid gland removal during thyroidectomy. Calcium gluconate is the
treatment for acute hypocalcemic tetany.
6. The nurse is evaluating a client with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) for complications of
erythropoietin therapy. Which finding is a common side effect of this treatment?
A. Hypotension
B. Hypertension
C. Severe muscle wasting
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
(LATEST ), (A+ GUARANTEE).
1. A client with an acute myocardial infarction is experiencing cardiogenic shock. Which
clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to find?
A. Bounding peripheral pulses
B. Decreased mean arterial pressure (MAP)
C. Increased urine output
D. Warm, flushed skin
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Cardiogenic shock occurs when the heart fails to pump
effectively, leading to decreased cardiac output and decreased MAP. Findings typically
include cool, clammy skin and decreased urine output due to poor perfusion.
2. The nurse is caring for a client with Addison’s disease. Which laboratory result is most
consistent with this diagnosis?
A. Serum potassium 3.2 mEq/L
B. Serum sodium 128 mEq/L
C. Blood glucose 150 mg/dL
,D. Serum calcium 8.5 mg/dL
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Addison’s disease involves adrenal insufficiency, leading to low
cortisol and aldosterone. This causes hyponatremia (low sodium), hyperkalemia (high
potassium), and hypoglycemia.
3. A client is admitted with Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA). The nurse should prioritize which
intervention?
A. Administering bicarbonate to correct pH
B. Ordering a high-potassium diet
C. Subcutaneous administration of glargine insulin
D. Rapid infusion of 0.9% Normal Saline
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: The priority in DKA is fluid resuscitation to restore circulatory
volume and perfusion before or concurrent with starting an insulin drip.
4. Which assessment finding in a client with a chest tube requires immediate intervention?
A. Tidaling in the water-seal chamber
B. Continuous bubbling in the water-seal chamber
C. Drainage of 50 mL of serosanguineous fluid in 2 hours
D. Intermittent bubbling during expiration
, Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Continuous bubbling in the water-seal chamber indicates a large
air leak in the system or the client’s pleural space, requiring immediate troubleshooting.
5. A client is recovering from a thyroidectomy. The nurse notes the client has developed
laryngeal stridor and tingling in the fingertips. Which medication should the nurse have
readily available?
A. Potassium chloride
B. Calcium gluconate
C. Sodium bicarbonate
D. Magnesium sulfate
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: These symptoms suggest hypocalcemia resulting from
accidental parathyroid gland removal during thyroidectomy. Calcium gluconate is the
treatment for acute hypocalcemic tetany.
6. The nurse is evaluating a client with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) for complications of
erythropoietin therapy. Which finding is a common side effect of this treatment?
A. Hypotension
B. Hypertension
C. Severe muscle wasting
