BSN HESI 266 MED SURG EXAM 3
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
(LATEST ), (A+ GUARANTEE).
1. A patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is prescribed epoetin alfa. Which laboratory
result should the nurse monitor most closely to evaluate the effectiveness of this medication?
A. Serum potassium levels
B. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
C. Hematocrit and hemoglobin
D. Serum creatinine
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Epoetin alfa is a synthetic form of erythropoietin used to
stimulate red blood cell production in patients with CKD; therefore, hematocrit and
hemoglobin levels are the primary indicators of its effectiveness.
2. A nurse is caring for a patient who is 24 hours post-thyroidectomy. The patient reports
tingling in the fingertips and around the mouth. Which action should the nurse take first?
A. Assess for Chvostek’s sign
B. Administer a dose of potassium chloride
C. Check the patient’s temperature
,D. Encourage the patient to cough and deep breathe
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Tingling in the extremities and circumoral area are signs of
hypocalcemia, which can occur after thyroidectomy if the parathyroid glands are
accidentally damaged or removed. Assessing for Chvostek’s sign helps confirm
neuromuscular irritability associated with low calcium.
3. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to find in a patient experiencing an
acute Addisonian crisis?
A. Severe hypotension and hyperkalemia
B. Hypertension and hypernatremia
C. Bradycardia and hypoglycemia
D. Hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Addisonian crisis is a life-threatening emergency characterized
by severe hypotension (due to fluid loss), hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and hypoglycemia
resulting from acute adrenal insufficiency.
4. A patient with a history of atrial fibrillation is admitted with a sudden onset of right-sided
weakness and facial drooping. The nurse understands that the priority diagnostic test is:
A. Electrocardiogram (ECG)
, B. Lumbar puncture
C. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the spine
D. Non-contrast Computed Tomography (CT) scan of the head
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: In a suspected stroke, a non-contrast CT scan is the priority to
rule out a hemorrhagic stroke before initiating fibrinolytic therapy for an ischemic stroke.
5. A patient is receiving a continuous intravenous infusion of heparin for a pulmonary
embolism. The nurse monitors which lab value to adjust the dosage?
A. Prothrombin time (PT)
B. International Normalized Ratio (INR)
C. Platelet count
D. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: The aPTT is the standard laboratory test used to monitor the
therapeutic effect of unfractionated heparin and to guide dosage adjustments.
6. A nurse is teaching a patient with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus about the Somogyi effect.
Which description best defines this condition?
A. Hyperglycemia in the morning due to growth hormone release
B. Persistent hypoglycemia caused by excessive basal insulin
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
(LATEST ), (A+ GUARANTEE).
1. A patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is prescribed epoetin alfa. Which laboratory
result should the nurse monitor most closely to evaluate the effectiveness of this medication?
A. Serum potassium levels
B. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
C. Hematocrit and hemoglobin
D. Serum creatinine
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Epoetin alfa is a synthetic form of erythropoietin used to
stimulate red blood cell production in patients with CKD; therefore, hematocrit and
hemoglobin levels are the primary indicators of its effectiveness.
2. A nurse is caring for a patient who is 24 hours post-thyroidectomy. The patient reports
tingling in the fingertips and around the mouth. Which action should the nurse take first?
A. Assess for Chvostek’s sign
B. Administer a dose of potassium chloride
C. Check the patient’s temperature
,D. Encourage the patient to cough and deep breathe
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Tingling in the extremities and circumoral area are signs of
hypocalcemia, which can occur after thyroidectomy if the parathyroid glands are
accidentally damaged or removed. Assessing for Chvostek’s sign helps confirm
neuromuscular irritability associated with low calcium.
3. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to find in a patient experiencing an
acute Addisonian crisis?
A. Severe hypotension and hyperkalemia
B. Hypertension and hypernatremia
C. Bradycardia and hypoglycemia
D. Hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Addisonian crisis is a life-threatening emergency characterized
by severe hypotension (due to fluid loss), hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and hypoglycemia
resulting from acute adrenal insufficiency.
4. A patient with a history of atrial fibrillation is admitted with a sudden onset of right-sided
weakness and facial drooping. The nurse understands that the priority diagnostic test is:
A. Electrocardiogram (ECG)
, B. Lumbar puncture
C. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the spine
D. Non-contrast Computed Tomography (CT) scan of the head
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: In a suspected stroke, a non-contrast CT scan is the priority to
rule out a hemorrhagic stroke before initiating fibrinolytic therapy for an ischemic stroke.
5. A patient is receiving a continuous intravenous infusion of heparin for a pulmonary
embolism. The nurse monitors which lab value to adjust the dosage?
A. Prothrombin time (PT)
B. International Normalized Ratio (INR)
C. Platelet count
D. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: The aPTT is the standard laboratory test used to monitor the
therapeutic effect of unfractionated heparin and to guide dosage adjustments.
6. A nurse is teaching a patient with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus about the Somogyi effect.
Which description best defines this condition?
A. Hyperglycemia in the morning due to growth hormone release
B. Persistent hypoglycemia caused by excessive basal insulin
