BSN HESI 266 MED SURG EXAM 2
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
(LATEST ), (A+ GUARANTEE).
1. A patient with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) has a serum potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L.
Which of the following provider orders should the nurse implement first?
A. Administer sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) orally.
B. Place the patient on a continuous cardiac monitor.
C. Administer regular insulin and 50% dextrose intravenously.
D. Obtain a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG).
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Hyperkalemia poses an immediate risk for life-threatening
dysrhythmias. Placing the patient on a cardiac monitor is the priority assessment to detect
lethal rhythms before or while administering treatments like insulin/D50 or Kayexalate.
2. A client is diagnosed with Pheochromocytoma. Which assessment finding should the nurse
prioritize for immediate intervention?
A. Profuse diaphoresis and pallor.
B. Blood glucose level of 160 mg/dL.
C. Severe headache and palpitations.
,D. Blood pressure of 210/115 mmHg.
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Pheochromocytoma causes excessive catecholamine release
leading to severe hypertension, which can cause stroke or myocardial infarction. Managing
the hypertensive crisis is the priority.
3. Which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect to see in a patient presenting with
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)?
A. Dilutional hyponatremia and high urine specific gravity.
B. Polyuria and increased serum osmolality.
C. Serum sodium of 120 mEq/L and low urine specific gravity.
D. Weight loss and postural hypotension.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: SIADH involves excessive ADH, causing water retention,
dilutional hyponatremia, and concentrated urine (high specific gravity).
4. A nurse is caring for a patient post-thyroidectomy. The patient reports numbness and
tingling in the fingers and around the mouth. What is the nurse’s priority action?
A. Check the patient’s most recent potassium level.
B. Administer a PRN dose of intravenous calcium gluconate.
C. Assess the patient for Chvostek’s sign.
, D. Notify the surgeon immediately.
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Paresthesia after thyroid surgery suggests hypocalcemia due to
accidental parathyroid damage. The nurse should first assess for neuromuscular irritability
(Chvostek’s or Trousseau’s sign) to confirm tetany risk before reporting or medicating.
5. A patient with Acute Pancreatitis is being admitted. Which laboratory value most
specifically supports this diagnosis?
A. Elevated serum lipase.
B. Elevated serum bilirubin.
C. Decreased serum calcium.
D. Elevated white blood cell count.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Serum lipase is more specific to the pancreas than amylase and
remains elevated longer, making it a key diagnostic marker for pancreatitis.
6. A nurse is teaching a patient with Addison’s disease about life-long management. Which
statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
A. I will wear a medical alert bracelet at all times.
B. I can skip a dose of my medication if I feel nauseated.
C. I should increase my salt intake during hot weather.
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
(LATEST ), (A+ GUARANTEE).
1. A patient with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) has a serum potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L.
Which of the following provider orders should the nurse implement first?
A. Administer sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) orally.
B. Place the patient on a continuous cardiac monitor.
C. Administer regular insulin and 50% dextrose intravenously.
D. Obtain a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG).
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Hyperkalemia poses an immediate risk for life-threatening
dysrhythmias. Placing the patient on a cardiac monitor is the priority assessment to detect
lethal rhythms before or while administering treatments like insulin/D50 or Kayexalate.
2. A client is diagnosed with Pheochromocytoma. Which assessment finding should the nurse
prioritize for immediate intervention?
A. Profuse diaphoresis and pallor.
B. Blood glucose level of 160 mg/dL.
C. Severe headache and palpitations.
,D. Blood pressure of 210/115 mmHg.
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Pheochromocytoma causes excessive catecholamine release
leading to severe hypertension, which can cause stroke or myocardial infarction. Managing
the hypertensive crisis is the priority.
3. Which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect to see in a patient presenting with
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)?
A. Dilutional hyponatremia and high urine specific gravity.
B. Polyuria and increased serum osmolality.
C. Serum sodium of 120 mEq/L and low urine specific gravity.
D. Weight loss and postural hypotension.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: SIADH involves excessive ADH, causing water retention,
dilutional hyponatremia, and concentrated urine (high specific gravity).
4. A nurse is caring for a patient post-thyroidectomy. The patient reports numbness and
tingling in the fingers and around the mouth. What is the nurse’s priority action?
A. Check the patient’s most recent potassium level.
B. Administer a PRN dose of intravenous calcium gluconate.
C. Assess the patient for Chvostek’s sign.
, D. Notify the surgeon immediately.
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Paresthesia after thyroid surgery suggests hypocalcemia due to
accidental parathyroid damage. The nurse should first assess for neuromuscular irritability
(Chvostek’s or Trousseau’s sign) to confirm tetany risk before reporting or medicating.
5. A patient with Acute Pancreatitis is being admitted. Which laboratory value most
specifically supports this diagnosis?
A. Elevated serum lipase.
B. Elevated serum bilirubin.
C. Decreased serum calcium.
D. Elevated white blood cell count.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Serum lipase is more specific to the pancreas than amylase and
remains elevated longer, making it a key diagnostic marker for pancreatitis.
6. A nurse is teaching a patient with Addison’s disease about life-long management. Which
statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
A. I will wear a medical alert bracelet at all times.
B. I can skip a dose of my medication if I feel nauseated.
C. I should increase my salt intake during hot weather.
