,BIOL 251 Module 6 | Human Anatomy & Physiology I w/Lab
Exam Q&A | Portage Learning
1. What are the two primary divisions of the human nervous system?
A) Somatic and Autonomic
B) Central and Peripheral
C) Sympathetic and Parasympathetic
D) Afferent and Efferent
Correct Answer: Central and Peripheral
Rationale: The nervous system is structurally divided into the central nervous system
(CNS), consisting of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system
(PNS), which includes all nervous tissue outside the CNS. The somatic and autonomic
divisions are functional subdivisions of the PNS.
2. Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the nervous system?
A) Receiving sensory input
B) Integrating information
C) Producing red blood cells
D) Responding to stimuli with motor output
Correct Answer: Producing red blood cells
Rationale: The nervous system's three primary functions are receiving sensory input,
integrating that information, and generating motor output. Hematopoiesis, the
production of red blood cells, is a function of the skeletal system, occurring in red
bone marrow.
,3. The scientific term for a nerve cell is which of the following?
A) Nephron
B) Neuron
C) Neuroglia
D) Neurilemma
Correct Answer: Neuron
Rationale: The neuron is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system,
responsible for transmitting nerve impulses. A nephron is the functional unit of the
kidney, and neuroglia are supporting cells of the nervous system.
4. Which part of a neuron receives signals from other neurons?
A) Axon
B) Axon terminal
C) Cell body and dendrites
D) Myelin sheath
Correct Answer: Cell body and dendrites
Rationale: Dendrites and the cell body are the receptive regions of a neuron. They
receive incoming signals from other neurons or sensory receptors and transmit them
toward the axon hillock. The axon transmits impulses away from the cell body.
5. The two types of cells that make up nervous tissue are which of the following?
A) Neurons and nephrons
, B) Neurons and neuroglia
C) Neuroglia and nephrons
D) Axons and dendrites
Correct Answer: Neurons and neuroglia
Rationale: Nervous tissue is composed of neurons, which are the excitable cells that
transmit signals, and neuroglia (glial cells), which provide support, protection, and
nourishment to neurons. Nephrons are kidney cells.
6. Neuroglia that produce myelin sheaths in the peripheral nervous system are called
which of the following?
A) Oligodendrocytes
B) Astrocytes
C) Schwann cells
D) Microglia
Correct Answer: Schwann cells
Rationale: Schwann cells are the glial cells of the peripheral nervous system that
produce myelin sheaths around axons. Oligodendrocytes perform this function in the
central nervous system.
7. Which type of neuroglial cell forms the myelin sheath around axons within the
central nervous system?
A) Schwann cells
B) Oligodendrocytes
C) Astrocytes
Exam Q&A | Portage Learning
1. What are the two primary divisions of the human nervous system?
A) Somatic and Autonomic
B) Central and Peripheral
C) Sympathetic and Parasympathetic
D) Afferent and Efferent
Correct Answer: Central and Peripheral
Rationale: The nervous system is structurally divided into the central nervous system
(CNS), consisting of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system
(PNS), which includes all nervous tissue outside the CNS. The somatic and autonomic
divisions are functional subdivisions of the PNS.
2. Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the nervous system?
A) Receiving sensory input
B) Integrating information
C) Producing red blood cells
D) Responding to stimuli with motor output
Correct Answer: Producing red blood cells
Rationale: The nervous system's three primary functions are receiving sensory input,
integrating that information, and generating motor output. Hematopoiesis, the
production of red blood cells, is a function of the skeletal system, occurring in red
bone marrow.
,3. The scientific term for a nerve cell is which of the following?
A) Nephron
B) Neuron
C) Neuroglia
D) Neurilemma
Correct Answer: Neuron
Rationale: The neuron is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system,
responsible for transmitting nerve impulses. A nephron is the functional unit of the
kidney, and neuroglia are supporting cells of the nervous system.
4. Which part of a neuron receives signals from other neurons?
A) Axon
B) Axon terminal
C) Cell body and dendrites
D) Myelin sheath
Correct Answer: Cell body and dendrites
Rationale: Dendrites and the cell body are the receptive regions of a neuron. They
receive incoming signals from other neurons or sensory receptors and transmit them
toward the axon hillock. The axon transmits impulses away from the cell body.
5. The two types of cells that make up nervous tissue are which of the following?
A) Neurons and nephrons
, B) Neurons and neuroglia
C) Neuroglia and nephrons
D) Axons and dendrites
Correct Answer: Neurons and neuroglia
Rationale: Nervous tissue is composed of neurons, which are the excitable cells that
transmit signals, and neuroglia (glial cells), which provide support, protection, and
nourishment to neurons. Nephrons are kidney cells.
6. Neuroglia that produce myelin sheaths in the peripheral nervous system are called
which of the following?
A) Oligodendrocytes
B) Astrocytes
C) Schwann cells
D) Microglia
Correct Answer: Schwann cells
Rationale: Schwann cells are the glial cells of the peripheral nervous system that
produce myelin sheaths around axons. Oligodendrocytes perform this function in the
central nervous system.
7. Which type of neuroglial cell forms the myelin sheath around axons within the
central nervous system?
A) Schwann cells
B) Oligodendrocytes
C) Astrocytes
