Intro to Psychology CLEP Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers

Intro to Psychology CLEP Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers Wilhelm Wundt - answer-Set up the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany. Structuralists - answer-People that believe that consciousness is made up of basic elements that are combined in different ways to produce different perceptions. Functionalists - answer-People who focus on how mental experiences are adaptive. Psychodynamic Approach - answer-An approach that believes thoughts, feelings, and behaviors stem from the interaction of innate drives, and society's restrictions on the expression of those drives. (specifically, sexual and aggressive drives) Behavioral Approach - answer-An approach that focuses on how people react to changes in environmental stimuli. Biological Approach - answer-An approach that focuses on how the physiological process might produce a psychological phenomena. Cognitive Approach - answer-An approach that explains behavior in terms of thoughts and feelings. Humanistic Approach - answer-An approach that states a human's behaviors are determined by a genetic code. They believe that people are "basically good".Independent Variable - answer-The variable in an experiment that causes a change in another variable. Dependent Variable - answer-The variable in an experiment that is the result of another variable. Correlational Coefficient - answer-A _________ is a similarity between two things that describes the strength of the relationship. Sensory Neurons - answer-Takes information from the body and transmits it to the brain. Motor Neurons - answer-Sends information from the brain to the body. Serotonin - answer-Controls arousal and sleep. Low levels of ______ usually indicate depression. Agonists - answer-Drugs that mimic a particular nerotransmitter or block it's signal. Peripheral Nervous System - answer-Includes the sensory and motor neurons that connect the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body. Somatic Nervous System - answer-Carries information from your muscles and tissues to the central nervous system. Controls sensations of pressure, pain, and temperature. Autonomic Nervous System - answer-Regulates the body's internal environment. Controls glands, organs, etc. Sympathetic - answer-Part of the Autonomic Nervous System. Prepares your body for action by quickening your heartbeat.Parasympathetic - answer-Part of the Autonomic Nervous System. Makes it possible for you to relax. Brainstem - answer-Part of the brain. Controls breathing, and heartbeat. Thalamus - answer-Part of the brain. Controls touch, taste, and hearing. Reticular Formation - answer-Part of the brain. Controls arousal and sleep. Cerebellum - answer-Part of the brain. Controls coordination of voluntary movement. Hippocampus - answer-Part of the brain. Processes memory Amygdala - answer-Part of the brain. Influences fear and anger Hypothdamus - answer-Part of the brain. Controls urges of hunger, thirst, and sexual intercourse. Frontal Lobes - answer-Part of the brain. Controls higher levels of thinking, such as planning and predicting the consequences of behaviors. Parietal Lobes - answer-Part of the brain. Controls sense and touch. Temporal Lobes - answer-Part of the brain. Controls hearing Occipital Lobes - answer-Part of the brain. Controls sight.Psychophysics - answer-An area of psychology that addresses the topic of sensation. How sensitive we are to changes in stimulation. Signal Detection Theory - answer-The theory that our ability to notice a stimulus will vary due to psychological factors like motivation, past experience, and expectations. Absolute Threshold - answer-The minimum stimulation needed for a given person to detect a given stimulus. Weber's Law - answer-The belief that any given difference is harder to notice with more intense, powerful stimuli than with weaker ones. (The difference of 20 watts seems greater between the 40-watt, and the 60-watt bulb, than a 90-watt and 70-watt.) Sensory Adaptation - answer-_________ Predisposes us to attend to stimuli that matter to us, and ignore stimuli that doesn't. Gestalt Psychologists - answer-These Psychologists formulated rules by which the brain pieces together meaningful experiences out of fragments of sensation. Interposition - answer-When an object partially blocks out another, so we think that the first object is closer. Texture Gradients - answer-When a texture becomes finer and softer as it moves further away. Motion parallax - answer-The apparent movement of stable objects as we ourselves move. Critical Period - answer-A period where exposure to appropriate stimuli is required in order for the various perceptual skills to develop.Circadian Rhythm - answer-When the body gets into a sleep/wake rhythm Narcolepsy - answer-Uncontrollable attacks of sleep during waking hours.