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NR601 HAM FINAL EXAM REVIEW ON
GERIATRIC CARE UPDATE VERIFIED
QUESTIONS & DETAILED
EXPLANATIONS GRADED A+
1. Which one of the following is most true about the rule of fourths?
a. One-fourth of geriatric problems are iatrogenic.
b. Little can be done to prevent three-fourths of the problems of aging.
c. For every medical complaint a patient presents with, a careful assessment can identify three
other diagnoses.
d. What used to be called normal aging can be largely explained by
processes that are not normal.
e. A good way to conduct a geriatric assessment is to use four categories:
mental, physical, psychosocial, and environmental.
2. Which one of the following is most true about aging changes?
a. Stage 3 and 4 sleep decreases.
b. Renal perfusion is not reduced, but renal function is reduced.
c. Hearing acuity declines beginning in middle age.
d. Prostatic enlargement occurs only in a minority of men.
3. An old woman who is cared for by attentive, cautious, concerned family is
particularly likely to suffer from which one of the following complications after an
episode of gastroenteritis?
a. Immobility related to overconcern
b. Continued vomiting caused by too-rapid feeding
c. Diarrhea resulting from administration of milk products
d. Constipation related to overtreatment of diarrhea
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4. Which one of the following is most true about psychological aging?
a. Disengagement tends to promote better psychological health than continued engagement.
b. Most older adults do not worry about memory loss.
c. Happiness declines starting in middle age.
d. Ageism can lead to isolation and depression.
5. Of the following conditions, which one is most common and most often
preventable?
a. Falls
b. Frailty
c. Cognitive impairment
d. Iatrogenic disease
e. Depression
Test Question Answers
1. d
2. a
3. a
4. d
5. d
6. Which of the following is true about cultural humility?
a. It is typically accomplished through professional development courses.
b. It can only be achieved by underrepresented minority groups.
c. It places emphasis on power imbalances and promotes interpersonal
sensitivity through partnerships with and learning from patients.
d. It rarely considers the biologic, socioeconomic, and racial impacts of upstream structural
factors on health disparities.
7. Racial disparities have been a part of US healthcare for many decades. How might
this impact the expectations of older Black
Americans?
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a. Reluctance to participate in medical research because of unethical studies in the past
b. Underrepresentation of Black physicians in the geriatric workforce
c. Cumulative effects of differences in access to healthcare providers
d. All of these
8. Dementia is a relatively common condition in the geriatric population. It becomes
more common as people age. Which is the most appropriate description of
“personhood” as it relates to people with dementia?
a. Personhood is a universal concept that is defined the same way in all cultures.
b. The ability to relate to others as people, rather than preserving cognitive
independence, is an important aspect of “personhood.”
c. The ability to recognize family members by name is an important aspect of
“personhood.”
d. A deterioration in cognitive function demonstrates the decreasing value of older adults in
society.
9. Immigrant families bring cultural traditions into healthcare decisions. With regard to
older adults, which of the following is true?
a. End-of-life care is particularly sensitive to cultural beliefs and should be
explored carefully with the patient and family, as appropriate.
b. Clinicians should assume that all cultures value autonomy of the individual over the family
unit.
c. It is considered rude to offer interpreters when talking to patients who do not speak English,
when family members are present.
d. Most cultures outside of the United States believe that life support should not be used after
age 65 years.
Test Question Answers
1. c
2. d
3. b
4. a
10. Which of the following statements is true?
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a. Decision-making capacity can be determined only by a psychiatrist.
b. A diagnosis of dementia precludes competent decision making.
c. Lack of decision-making capacity should not be presumed if the patient
goes against medical advice.
d. Expression of a choice is sufficient to indicate decision-making capacity.
11. Which of the following statements concerning advance directives is true?
a. The Supreme Court has established a standard advance directive form.
b. The living will is used to appoint a healthcare agent to make medical decisions if an
individual loses decision-making capacity.
c. A DNR order is not equivalent to a do-not-treat order.
d. Periods of acute illness are the most appropriate times to begin discussions with patients
about advance directives.
12. The following are components of the open disclosure of medical error, except:
a. An apology to the injured patient.
b. An explanation of the error in lay language.
c. A best guess as to why the error occurred.
d. An assurance that a full investigation will take place.
13. Mrs. Gloth is an 84-year-old woman whom you are admitting to the nursing home.
Her son takes you aside and tells you that she has metastatic ovarian cancer but has
not been told the diagnosis. He asks that you not tell her, because she would “lose
all hope and die.” Which of the following is an appropriate response?
a. Tell the son that you are going to immediately inform the patient of her diagnosis.
b. Tell the son that he can count on you to respect his wishes.
c. Suggest that you discuss this further after getting to know the patient and
family a little better.
d. Find out from the son what the family has been telling her about her health, so you will
maintain a consistent story.
14. Dr. Smith is obtaining informed consent from Mr. Jones to perform a colonoscopy,
because the patient had blood in his stool and Dr. Smith is concerned that this
might indicate the presence of carcinoma of the colon. Mr. Jones is able to recite
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NR601 HAM FINAL EXAM REVIEW ON
GERIATRIC CARE UPDATE VERIFIED
QUESTIONS & DETAILED
EXPLANATIONS GRADED A+
1. Which one of the following is most true about the rule of fourths?
a. One-fourth of geriatric problems are iatrogenic.
b. Little can be done to prevent three-fourths of the problems of aging.
c. For every medical complaint a patient presents with, a careful assessment can identify three
other diagnoses.
d. What used to be called normal aging can be largely explained by
processes that are not normal.
e. A good way to conduct a geriatric assessment is to use four categories:
mental, physical, psychosocial, and environmental.
2. Which one of the following is most true about aging changes?
a. Stage 3 and 4 sleep decreases.
b. Renal perfusion is not reduced, but renal function is reduced.
c. Hearing acuity declines beginning in middle age.
d. Prostatic enlargement occurs only in a minority of men.
3. An old woman who is cared for by attentive, cautious, concerned family is
particularly likely to suffer from which one of the following complications after an
episode of gastroenteritis?
a. Immobility related to overconcern
b. Continued vomiting caused by too-rapid feeding
c. Diarrhea resulting from administration of milk products
d. Constipation related to overtreatment of diarrhea
messages.pdf_cover_qr_code_label
messages.downloaded_by
, lOMoARcPSD|64024314
4. Which one of the following is most true about psychological aging?
a. Disengagement tends to promote better psychological health than continued engagement.
b. Most older adults do not worry about memory loss.
c. Happiness declines starting in middle age.
d. Ageism can lead to isolation and depression.
5. Of the following conditions, which one is most common and most often
preventable?
a. Falls
b. Frailty
c. Cognitive impairment
d. Iatrogenic disease
e. Depression
Test Question Answers
1. d
2. a
3. a
4. d
5. d
6. Which of the following is true about cultural humility?
a. It is typically accomplished through professional development courses.
b. It can only be achieved by underrepresented minority groups.
c. It places emphasis on power imbalances and promotes interpersonal
sensitivity through partnerships with and learning from patients.
d. It rarely considers the biologic, socioeconomic, and racial impacts of upstream structural
factors on health disparities.
7. Racial disparities have been a part of US healthcare for many decades. How might
this impact the expectations of older Black
Americans?
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, lOMoARcPSD|64024314
a. Reluctance to participate in medical research because of unethical studies in the past
b. Underrepresentation of Black physicians in the geriatric workforce
c. Cumulative effects of differences in access to healthcare providers
d. All of these
8. Dementia is a relatively common condition in the geriatric population. It becomes
more common as people age. Which is the most appropriate description of
“personhood” as it relates to people with dementia?
a. Personhood is a universal concept that is defined the same way in all cultures.
b. The ability to relate to others as people, rather than preserving cognitive
independence, is an important aspect of “personhood.”
c. The ability to recognize family members by name is an important aspect of
“personhood.”
d. A deterioration in cognitive function demonstrates the decreasing value of older adults in
society.
9. Immigrant families bring cultural traditions into healthcare decisions. With regard to
older adults, which of the following is true?
a. End-of-life care is particularly sensitive to cultural beliefs and should be
explored carefully with the patient and family, as appropriate.
b. Clinicians should assume that all cultures value autonomy of the individual over the family
unit.
c. It is considered rude to offer interpreters when talking to patients who do not speak English,
when family members are present.
d. Most cultures outside of the United States believe that life support should not be used after
age 65 years.
Test Question Answers
1. c
2. d
3. b
4. a
10. Which of the following statements is true?
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messages.downloaded_by
, lOMoARcPSD|64024314
a. Decision-making capacity can be determined only by a psychiatrist.
b. A diagnosis of dementia precludes competent decision making.
c. Lack of decision-making capacity should not be presumed if the patient
goes against medical advice.
d. Expression of a choice is sufficient to indicate decision-making capacity.
11. Which of the following statements concerning advance directives is true?
a. The Supreme Court has established a standard advance directive form.
b. The living will is used to appoint a healthcare agent to make medical decisions if an
individual loses decision-making capacity.
c. A DNR order is not equivalent to a do-not-treat order.
d. Periods of acute illness are the most appropriate times to begin discussions with patients
about advance directives.
12. The following are components of the open disclosure of medical error, except:
a. An apology to the injured patient.
b. An explanation of the error in lay language.
c. A best guess as to why the error occurred.
d. An assurance that a full investigation will take place.
13. Mrs. Gloth is an 84-year-old woman whom you are admitting to the nursing home.
Her son takes you aside and tells you that she has metastatic ovarian cancer but has
not been told the diagnosis. He asks that you not tell her, because she would “lose
all hope and die.” Which of the following is an appropriate response?
a. Tell the son that you are going to immediately inform the patient of her diagnosis.
b. Tell the son that he can count on you to respect his wishes.
c. Suggest that you discuss this further after getting to know the patient and
family a little better.
d. Find out from the son what the family has been telling her about her health, so you will
maintain a consistent story.
14. Dr. Smith is obtaining informed consent from Mr. Jones to perform a colonoscopy,
because the patient had blood in his stool and Dr. Smith is concerned that this
might indicate the presence of carcinoma of the colon. Mr. Jones is able to recite
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