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ATI PN Pharmacology Proctored Exam
Review
-afil - Answer: Erectile dysfunction
s/s: headache, heartburn, diarrhea, flushing, nosebleeds, parathesias, changes in color vision
Contradicted in clients taking nitrates, anticoags, anti HTN
Common meds- sildenafil (viagra)
-arin - Answer: Anticoagulant
inhibit clotting factors (warfarin = factors VII, IX, X)
TX: evolving stroke, pulmonary embolism, massive deep vein thrombosis, cardiac cath, MI, DIC
S/S: hemorrhage, heparin induced thrombocytopenia, toxicity/overdose
Common meds- warfarin (coumadin) {admin once daily, avoid NSAIDs & aspirin}, enoxaparin (lovenox)
-ase - Answer: Thrombolytic
dissolves clots
TX: acute MI, DVT, massive PE, ischemic stroke
S/S: serious bleeding risks from recent wounds, puncture sites, weakened vessels, hypotension
NI: Must take 4-6 hrs of onset
Common meds- alteplase (activase, tPA)
-asone, -solone
- onide
Pred-
Cort- - Answer: Corticosteroid
prevent inflammatory response
S/S: Hyperglycemia, peptic ulcer, fluid retention (increased appetite), withdrawal symptoms, euphoria,
insomnia, psychotic behavior
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NI: admin w/ meals, DO NOT take with NSAIDS, teach DO NOT stop abruptly
Common meds- prednisone (deltasone), betamethasone (celestone), hydrocortisone sodium succinate
(Solu-cortef), Methylprednisolone sodium succinate (solu-medrol), fluticasone propionate (advair,
flovent)
-azine
- setron - Answer: Antiemtic
reduce N & V
S/S: drowsiness, anticholenergic effects, restlessness, tardive dyskinesia, EPS
NI: monitor VS
Common meds- promethazine (phenergan), metaoclopramide (reglan), ondansertron (zofran)
-cillin - Answer: Penicillin
TX: pneumonia, upper respiratory infections, septicemia, endocarditis, rheumatic fever, GYN infections
NI: hypersensitivity w/ poss. anaphylaxis
-cycline,
-floxacin - Answer: Antibiotic
-dipine - Answer: Ca+ channel blocker
Slows movement of calcium into smooth muscle= arterial dilation & decreased BP
Tx: angina, HTN (verapamil & diltiazem may be used for AFIB, A flutter, SVT
S/S: Constipation, reflex tachycardia, peripheral edema, toxicity
Common meds- nifedipine (procardia), verapamil, diltiazem
-gliptin
-glitazone - Answer: Diabetes Mellitus
-ide - Answer: Oral hypoglycemic
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Used in conjunction with diet & exercise; type II
NI: teach s/s of hypoglycemia, HbA1C
metformin (glucophage): withhold 48 hrs before/after test w/ contrast
-iprazole
-apine
-idone - Answer: Second Generation Antipsychotic (SGA)
-mycin - Answer: Aminoglycoside
(Antimicrobials)
TX: pneumonia, meningitis, septicemia
NI: high risk for ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, monitor creatinine & BUN
Common meds- gentamicin sulfate (garamycin) therapeutic range: 4-12mcg/dL
-olol - Answer: Beta Blocker
inhibit stimulation of receptor sites= decreased cardiac excitability, CO, myocaridal O2 demand, lower
BP by decreasing release of renin in the kidney
TX: HTN, angina, tachydysryhmias, HF, MI
S/S: Bradycardia, Bradypena, Bronchospasms, decreased BP
NI: Monitor DM for hypoglycemia
Common meds- metropolol, labetalol, propanolol
-pam, -lam - Answer: Benzodiazipines
TX: Sedative-hypnotics for sleep, Adjuncts to anesthesia to induce relaxation and amnesia (procedural
memory loss), To reduce anxiety (anxiolytic), Panic disorders, To treat or prevent seizures, For alcohol
withdrawal, Muscle relaxant
-phylline,
-terol - Answer: Bronchodilator
S/S: tachcardia, palpitations, tremors
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Common meds- albeuterol
-pram, -ine - Answer: SSRIs
S/S: weight gain, fatigue, sexual dysfunction, drowsiness
NI: avoid alcohol, do not discontinue abrubptly, monitor for serotonin syndrome! (agitation, confusion,
hallucinations) within first 72 hrs
-prazole - Answer: Proton pump inhibitor
S/S: D,V, N, can increase risk for fractures,, pneumonia, & acid rebound
NI: DO NOT crush, chew, break, notify PROVIDER if GI bleeding!
Common meds- omepazole (prilosec)
-pril - Answer: ACE inhibitor
Block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
TX: HTN, HF, MI, diabetic nephropathy
S/S: Anigoedema, Cough, Electrolyte imbalance (^k+)
NI: Monitor K+ levels, BP
Common med- catopril, lisinopril, enalapril (vastotec)
-statin - Answer: Antilipidemic
aid in lowering LDL & increasing HDL
S/S: muscle aches, hepatotoxicity, myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, peripheral neruopathy
NI: take in evening, monitor renal and liver function, low fat/high fiber diet, drug interactions: digoxin,
warfarin, NSAIDs, etc.
Common meds- lovastatin (mevacor)
-tidine - Answer: Antiulcer
S/S: lethargy, depression, confusion, decreased libido
Common meds- ranitidine hydrochloride (zantac), cimetidine (tagamet), famotidine (pepcid)
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ATI PN Pharmacology Proctored Exam
Review
-afil - Answer: Erectile dysfunction
s/s: headache, heartburn, diarrhea, flushing, nosebleeds, parathesias, changes in color vision
Contradicted in clients taking nitrates, anticoags, anti HTN
Common meds- sildenafil (viagra)
-arin - Answer: Anticoagulant
inhibit clotting factors (warfarin = factors VII, IX, X)
TX: evolving stroke, pulmonary embolism, massive deep vein thrombosis, cardiac cath, MI, DIC
S/S: hemorrhage, heparin induced thrombocytopenia, toxicity/overdose
Common meds- warfarin (coumadin) {admin once daily, avoid NSAIDs & aspirin}, enoxaparin (lovenox)
-ase - Answer: Thrombolytic
dissolves clots
TX: acute MI, DVT, massive PE, ischemic stroke
S/S: serious bleeding risks from recent wounds, puncture sites, weakened vessels, hypotension
NI: Must take 4-6 hrs of onset
Common meds- alteplase (activase, tPA)
-asone, -solone
- onide
Pred-
Cort- - Answer: Corticosteroid
prevent inflammatory response
S/S: Hyperglycemia, peptic ulcer, fluid retention (increased appetite), withdrawal symptoms, euphoria,
insomnia, psychotic behavior
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NI: admin w/ meals, DO NOT take with NSAIDS, teach DO NOT stop abruptly
Common meds- prednisone (deltasone), betamethasone (celestone), hydrocortisone sodium succinate
(Solu-cortef), Methylprednisolone sodium succinate (solu-medrol), fluticasone propionate (advair,
flovent)
-azine
- setron - Answer: Antiemtic
reduce N & V
S/S: drowsiness, anticholenergic effects, restlessness, tardive dyskinesia, EPS
NI: monitor VS
Common meds- promethazine (phenergan), metaoclopramide (reglan), ondansertron (zofran)
-cillin - Answer: Penicillin
TX: pneumonia, upper respiratory infections, septicemia, endocarditis, rheumatic fever, GYN infections
NI: hypersensitivity w/ poss. anaphylaxis
-cycline,
-floxacin - Answer: Antibiotic
-dipine - Answer: Ca+ channel blocker
Slows movement of calcium into smooth muscle= arterial dilation & decreased BP
Tx: angina, HTN (verapamil & diltiazem may be used for AFIB, A flutter, SVT
S/S: Constipation, reflex tachycardia, peripheral edema, toxicity
Common meds- nifedipine (procardia), verapamil, diltiazem
-gliptin
-glitazone - Answer: Diabetes Mellitus
-ide - Answer: Oral hypoglycemic
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Used in conjunction with diet & exercise; type II
NI: teach s/s of hypoglycemia, HbA1C
metformin (glucophage): withhold 48 hrs before/after test w/ contrast
-iprazole
-apine
-idone - Answer: Second Generation Antipsychotic (SGA)
-mycin - Answer: Aminoglycoside
(Antimicrobials)
TX: pneumonia, meningitis, septicemia
NI: high risk for ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, monitor creatinine & BUN
Common meds- gentamicin sulfate (garamycin) therapeutic range: 4-12mcg/dL
-olol - Answer: Beta Blocker
inhibit stimulation of receptor sites= decreased cardiac excitability, CO, myocaridal O2 demand, lower
BP by decreasing release of renin in the kidney
TX: HTN, angina, tachydysryhmias, HF, MI
S/S: Bradycardia, Bradypena, Bronchospasms, decreased BP
NI: Monitor DM for hypoglycemia
Common meds- metropolol, labetalol, propanolol
-pam, -lam - Answer: Benzodiazipines
TX: Sedative-hypnotics for sleep, Adjuncts to anesthesia to induce relaxation and amnesia (procedural
memory loss), To reduce anxiety (anxiolytic), Panic disorders, To treat or prevent seizures, For alcohol
withdrawal, Muscle relaxant
-phylline,
-terol - Answer: Bronchodilator
S/S: tachcardia, palpitations, tremors
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Common meds- albeuterol
-pram, -ine - Answer: SSRIs
S/S: weight gain, fatigue, sexual dysfunction, drowsiness
NI: avoid alcohol, do not discontinue abrubptly, monitor for serotonin syndrome! (agitation, confusion,
hallucinations) within first 72 hrs
-prazole - Answer: Proton pump inhibitor
S/S: D,V, N, can increase risk for fractures,, pneumonia, & acid rebound
NI: DO NOT crush, chew, break, notify PROVIDER if GI bleeding!
Common meds- omepazole (prilosec)
-pril - Answer: ACE inhibitor
Block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
TX: HTN, HF, MI, diabetic nephropathy
S/S: Anigoedema, Cough, Electrolyte imbalance (^k+)
NI: Monitor K+ levels, BP
Common med- catopril, lisinopril, enalapril (vastotec)
-statin - Answer: Antilipidemic
aid in lowering LDL & increasing HDL
S/S: muscle aches, hepatotoxicity, myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, peripheral neruopathy
NI: take in evening, monitor renal and liver function, low fat/high fiber diet, drug interactions: digoxin,
warfarin, NSAIDs, etc.
Common meds- lovastatin (mevacor)
-tidine - Answer: Antiulcer
S/S: lethargy, depression, confusion, decreased libido
Common meds- ranitidine hydrochloride (zantac), cimetidine (tagamet), famotidine (pepcid)
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