ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers | Practice Test
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Question 1.
Autosomal Dominant
Correct Answer: Describes a trait or disorder in which the phenotype is
expressed in those who inherit the gene from even only one parent.
Heterozygous or Homozygous Each offspring has a 50% chance of inheriting
the mutation
Question 2.
Autosomal Recessive
Correct Answer: two copies of an abnormal gene must be present in order for
the phenotype to be expressed 2 copies of the gene mutation for the offspring
to inherit both parents have to have the autosomal recessive gene
Question 3.
X-linked dominant
Correct Answer: dominant trait or disorder caused by a mutation in a gene on
the X chromosome phenotype expressed in females and males most of the
time the offspring does not survive
Question 4.
x-linked recessive
Correct Answer: mutation in a gene on the X chromosome causes the
phenotype to be expressed in males who inherit the gene as well as females
who are homozygous for the mutation carrier females do not express
phenotype
Question 5.
A mother is a carrier for x-linked recessive Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy gene.
The father has not been tested but does not exhibit the phenotype that would normally
be showing at his age (upper and lower extremity weakness, soreness, and
arrhythmias). What does their offspring chance of inheritance look like?
a. Non-carriers 50%, Carrier 25%, Affected 25%
b. Non-carriers 25%, Carrier 50%, Affected 25%
c. Non-carriers 25%, Carrier 25%, Affected 25%
d. Affected 50%, Non-affected 25%
Correct Answer: a
,Question 6.
If two heterozygous individuals mated and their first three children expressed a
phenotype for a dominant trait, which of the following would be true?
a) their next child would have the dominant trait
b) their next child would have the recessive trait
c) there is a 25% chance their next child would show the recessive trait
d) they cannot have a child with the recessive trait
Correct Answer: c
Question 7.
In an autosomal dominant disorder, mom is affected, father is unaffected. The
inheritance chance for offspring is:
a. Affected 50%, Unaffected 50%
b. Affected 25%, Unaffected 75%
c. Affected 75%, Unaffected 25%
d. Affected 100%, Unaffected 0%
Correct Answer: a
Question 8.
In an autosomal recessive disorder, mom is non-carrier, father is affected. The
offspring's chance of inheritance is:
a. Carrier 25%, Non-carrier 75%, Affected 0%
b. Carrier 25%, Non-carrier 25%, Affected 50%
c. Carrier 100%, Affected 0%
d. Carrier 75%, Non-carrier 25%, Affected 0%
Correct Answer: c
Question 9.
In an autosomal recessive disorder, mom is carrier, father is affected. The offspring's
chance of inheritance is:
a. Carrier 25%, Non-carrier 75%, Affected 0%
b. Carrier 25%, Non-carrier 25%, Affected 50%
c. Carrier 25%, Affected 75%
d. Carrier 50%, Affected 50%
Correct Answer: d
Question 10.
In an x-linked dominant disorder, mom is affected, father is unaffected. The offspring's
chance of inheritance is:
a. Carrier 25%, Non-carrier 75%, Affected 0%
b. Affected 50%, Non-affected 50%
c. Affected 75%, Non-affected 25%
, d. None of the above
Correct Answer: B
Question 11.
In an x-linked dominant disorder, mom is affected, father is affected. The offspring's
chance of inheritance is:
a. Affected 25%, Non-affected 25%
b. Affected 50%, Non-affected 50%
c. Affected 100%, Non-affected 0%
d. Affected 75%, Non-affected 25%
Correct Answer: d
Question 12.
In an x-linked recessive disorder, mom is affected, father is non- carrier. The offspring's
chance of inheritance is:
a. Non-carrier 25%, Carrier 25%, Affected 50%
b. Non-carriers 0%, Carrier 50%, Affected 50%
c. Non-carrier 25%, Carrier 25%, Affected 50%
Correct Answer: b
Question 13.
A husband and wife are both carriers for phenylketonuria. What are the chances they
will conceive an offspring with that disease?
a) 0%
b) 25%
c) 50%
d) 75%
Correct Answer: B
Question 14.
Who are more likely to suffer from X-linked diseases and why?
a) Females, because they have two X-chromosomes and are therefore more likely to
inherit one with a disease
b) males, because they have only one X-chromosome and if it is mutated they have no
back up copy
c) females, because one of their X-chromosomes is deactivated
d) both males and females are equally likely to suffer from X-linked disorders
Correct Answer: B
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers | Practice Test
| A+
Question 1.
Autosomal Dominant
Correct Answer: Describes a trait or disorder in which the phenotype is
expressed in those who inherit the gene from even only one parent.
Heterozygous or Homozygous Each offspring has a 50% chance of inheriting
the mutation
Question 2.
Autosomal Recessive
Correct Answer: two copies of an abnormal gene must be present in order for
the phenotype to be expressed 2 copies of the gene mutation for the offspring
to inherit both parents have to have the autosomal recessive gene
Question 3.
X-linked dominant
Correct Answer: dominant trait or disorder caused by a mutation in a gene on
the X chromosome phenotype expressed in females and males most of the
time the offspring does not survive
Question 4.
x-linked recessive
Correct Answer: mutation in a gene on the X chromosome causes the
phenotype to be expressed in males who inherit the gene as well as females
who are homozygous for the mutation carrier females do not express
phenotype
Question 5.
A mother is a carrier for x-linked recessive Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy gene.
The father has not been tested but does not exhibit the phenotype that would normally
be showing at his age (upper and lower extremity weakness, soreness, and
arrhythmias). What does their offspring chance of inheritance look like?
a. Non-carriers 50%, Carrier 25%, Affected 25%
b. Non-carriers 25%, Carrier 50%, Affected 25%
c. Non-carriers 25%, Carrier 25%, Affected 25%
d. Affected 50%, Non-affected 25%
Correct Answer: a
,Question 6.
If two heterozygous individuals mated and their first three children expressed a
phenotype for a dominant trait, which of the following would be true?
a) their next child would have the dominant trait
b) their next child would have the recessive trait
c) there is a 25% chance their next child would show the recessive trait
d) they cannot have a child with the recessive trait
Correct Answer: c
Question 7.
In an autosomal dominant disorder, mom is affected, father is unaffected. The
inheritance chance for offspring is:
a. Affected 50%, Unaffected 50%
b. Affected 25%, Unaffected 75%
c. Affected 75%, Unaffected 25%
d. Affected 100%, Unaffected 0%
Correct Answer: a
Question 8.
In an autosomal recessive disorder, mom is non-carrier, father is affected. The
offspring's chance of inheritance is:
a. Carrier 25%, Non-carrier 75%, Affected 0%
b. Carrier 25%, Non-carrier 25%, Affected 50%
c. Carrier 100%, Affected 0%
d. Carrier 75%, Non-carrier 25%, Affected 0%
Correct Answer: c
Question 9.
In an autosomal recessive disorder, mom is carrier, father is affected. The offspring's
chance of inheritance is:
a. Carrier 25%, Non-carrier 75%, Affected 0%
b. Carrier 25%, Non-carrier 25%, Affected 50%
c. Carrier 25%, Affected 75%
d. Carrier 50%, Affected 50%
Correct Answer: d
Question 10.
In an x-linked dominant disorder, mom is affected, father is unaffected. The offspring's
chance of inheritance is:
a. Carrier 25%, Non-carrier 75%, Affected 0%
b. Affected 50%, Non-affected 50%
c. Affected 75%, Non-affected 25%
, d. None of the above
Correct Answer: B
Question 11.
In an x-linked dominant disorder, mom is affected, father is affected. The offspring's
chance of inheritance is:
a. Affected 25%, Non-affected 25%
b. Affected 50%, Non-affected 50%
c. Affected 100%, Non-affected 0%
d. Affected 75%, Non-affected 25%
Correct Answer: d
Question 12.
In an x-linked recessive disorder, mom is affected, father is non- carrier. The offspring's
chance of inheritance is:
a. Non-carrier 25%, Carrier 25%, Affected 50%
b. Non-carriers 0%, Carrier 50%, Affected 50%
c. Non-carrier 25%, Carrier 25%, Affected 50%
Correct Answer: b
Question 13.
A husband and wife are both carriers for phenylketonuria. What are the chances they
will conceive an offspring with that disease?
a) 0%
b) 25%
c) 50%
d) 75%
Correct Answer: B
Question 14.
Who are more likely to suffer from X-linked diseases and why?
a) Females, because they have two X-chromosomes and are therefore more likely to
inherit one with a disease
b) males, because they have only one X-chromosome and if it is mutated they have no
back up copy
c) females, because one of their X-chromosomes is deactivated
d) both males and females are equally likely to suffer from X-linked disorders
Correct Answer: B
