ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1 UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers | Answer Key Pack | A+
Verified
Question 1.
What is in the cytoplasm?
Correct Answer: the material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the
nucleus.
Question 2.
what are ribosomes?
Correct Answer: site of protein synthesis
Question 3.
What is the golgi complex?
Correct Answer: the organelle that processes and transports proteins and
other materials out of the cell modifies proteins and packages them into
secretory granules bound for the membrane.
Question 4.
What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
Correct Answer: An organelle that synthesizes and packages proteins.
Studded with ribosomes.
Question 5.
What is the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Correct Answer: No ribosomes attached, its main function is lipid synthesis
and carbs metabolism.
Question 6.
What are lysosomes?
Correct Answer: -intracellular digestion -contains digestive enzymes that
digest excess or worn-out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or
bacteria
Question 7.
what happens if proteins build-up in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)? What can it cause?
What diseases are associated with it?
,Correct Answer: -It causes ER stress and will cause the cell to stop producing
proteins to restore homeostasis -too many proteins will cause inflammation of
the cell and may cause cell death -Has been implicated in IBS, genetic form of
diabetes, and myositis (d/o skeletal muscles)
• What is exocytosis? -✓✓a process by which the contents of a cell vacuole are
released to the exterior through fusion of the vacuole membrane with the cell
membrane.
Question 8.
what is lysosomal storage disorder?
Correct Answer: Any disorder that affect an enzyme within a cell that is used
to process a protein/carbohydrate/etc, leading to accumulation of these
products
Question 9.
What is cellular respiration?
Correct Answer: Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and
other food molecules in the presence of oxygen
Question 10.
what is unique about mitochondria DNA?
Correct Answer: it is found in the mitochondria matrix and is different than
chromosomal DNA Inherited from mom
Question 11.
what triggers apotosis?
Correct Answer: Mitochondria is the key driver
Question 12.
What are cilia? where are they found? What else can they do?
Correct Answer: These are hair-like appendages which wave back and fourth
pushing along secretions or particles. can also be used for sensory
information in. the eye and inner ear
Found in the nasal passage and GI tract
Question 13.
What are flagella? what is an example?
Correct Answer: Are tail-like appendages that whip through fluids, to help the
cell move. Such as a sperm
, Question 14.
What is polycystic kidney disease?
Correct Answer: Its a hereditary disorder that is characterized by grapelike
cysts in place of normal kidney tissue.
This affects the cilia in the renal tubular celfts
• what is moncillia syndrome? -✓✓A defect in of the cilia in the resp. tract
Question 15.
what does a cell membrane contain?
Correct Answer: phospholipids cholesterol proteins
Question 16.
what does transmembrane proteins do?
Correct Answer: Can function on both sides of the membrane and can allow
molecules through the membrane
Question 17.
What is the gylcocalyx?
Correct Answer: helps with cell-to-cell recognition helps with adhesion
Question 18.
what is autocrine signaling?
Correct Answer: cell signals itself sends chemicals into the extracellular fluid
to afffect it's own activity
Question 19.
What is paracrine signaling?
Correct Answer: cell signals nearby cell
Question 20.
What is endocrine signaling?
Correct Answer: hormones released from a cell affect other cells throughout
the body
Question 21.
what is synaptic signaling?
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers | Answer Key Pack | A+
Verified
Question 1.
What is in the cytoplasm?
Correct Answer: the material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the
nucleus.
Question 2.
what are ribosomes?
Correct Answer: site of protein synthesis
Question 3.
What is the golgi complex?
Correct Answer: the organelle that processes and transports proteins and
other materials out of the cell modifies proteins and packages them into
secretory granules bound for the membrane.
Question 4.
What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
Correct Answer: An organelle that synthesizes and packages proteins.
Studded with ribosomes.
Question 5.
What is the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Correct Answer: No ribosomes attached, its main function is lipid synthesis
and carbs metabolism.
Question 6.
What are lysosomes?
Correct Answer: -intracellular digestion -contains digestive enzymes that
digest excess or worn-out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or
bacteria
Question 7.
what happens if proteins build-up in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)? What can it cause?
What diseases are associated with it?
,Correct Answer: -It causes ER stress and will cause the cell to stop producing
proteins to restore homeostasis -too many proteins will cause inflammation of
the cell and may cause cell death -Has been implicated in IBS, genetic form of
diabetes, and myositis (d/o skeletal muscles)
• What is exocytosis? -✓✓a process by which the contents of a cell vacuole are
released to the exterior through fusion of the vacuole membrane with the cell
membrane.
Question 8.
what is lysosomal storage disorder?
Correct Answer: Any disorder that affect an enzyme within a cell that is used
to process a protein/carbohydrate/etc, leading to accumulation of these
products
Question 9.
What is cellular respiration?
Correct Answer: Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and
other food molecules in the presence of oxygen
Question 10.
what is unique about mitochondria DNA?
Correct Answer: it is found in the mitochondria matrix and is different than
chromosomal DNA Inherited from mom
Question 11.
what triggers apotosis?
Correct Answer: Mitochondria is the key driver
Question 12.
What are cilia? where are they found? What else can they do?
Correct Answer: These are hair-like appendages which wave back and fourth
pushing along secretions or particles. can also be used for sensory
information in. the eye and inner ear
Found in the nasal passage and GI tract
Question 13.
What are flagella? what is an example?
Correct Answer: Are tail-like appendages that whip through fluids, to help the
cell move. Such as a sperm
, Question 14.
What is polycystic kidney disease?
Correct Answer: Its a hereditary disorder that is characterized by grapelike
cysts in place of normal kidney tissue.
This affects the cilia in the renal tubular celfts
• what is moncillia syndrome? -✓✓A defect in of the cilia in the resp. tract
Question 15.
what does a cell membrane contain?
Correct Answer: phospholipids cholesterol proteins
Question 16.
what does transmembrane proteins do?
Correct Answer: Can function on both sides of the membrane and can allow
molecules through the membrane
Question 17.
What is the gylcocalyx?
Correct Answer: helps with cell-to-cell recognition helps with adhesion
Question 18.
what is autocrine signaling?
Correct Answer: cell signals itself sends chemicals into the extracellular fluid
to afffect it's own activity
Question 19.
What is paracrine signaling?
Correct Answer: cell signals nearby cell
Question 20.
What is endocrine signaling?
Correct Answer: hormones released from a cell affect other cells throughout
the body
Question 21.
what is synaptic signaling?
