Ohio State Health Sciences 3400 Evidence-Based
Practice 2027 – Research Methodologies in Healthcare
Fields
ABSTRACT
This comprehensive question bank has been developed for students preparing for the
Health Sciences 3400 Evidence-Based Practice Final Examination at The Ohio State
University during the 2027 academic year. HTHRHSC 3400 is a course offered through
the School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences that focuses on applying evidence-
based strategies to improve community and public health outcomes . The 200 multiple-
choice questions are organized into eight major content areas aligned with the official
course curriculum: Evidence-Based Practice Fundamentals (25 questions), Research
Question Formulation & PICO (25 questions), Study Design & Levels of Evidence (30
questions), Quantitative Research Methods (30 questions), Qualitative Research
Methods (25 questions), Research Appraisal & Critical Analysis (25 questions),
Systematic Reviews & Meta-Analysis (20 questions), and Research Ethics &
Implementation (20 questions). Each question includes a detailed Rationale emphasizing
EBP principles, research methodologies, and critical appraisal skills essential for
translating evidence into clinical and public health practice . This resource aligns with
the 2026/2027 course objectives, which include identifying research questions,
appraising research articles, and integrating evidence into health science professions .
SECTION A: EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE FUNDAMENTALS
(Questions 1-25)
1. What is the best definition of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)?
A) A combination of best research evidence, clinical expertise, and the needs and values
of patients
B) A determination of the factors necessary to control patient responses to care
,C) The development of population care guidelines applicable to all patients
D) The utilization of quantitative and qualitative studies to enhance patient outcomes
Answer: A
Rationale: Evidence-based practice evolves from the integration of the best research
evidence with clinical expertise and patient needs and values. EBP is not just the use of
guidelines or quantitative studies but a combination of all three components .
2. Which of the following is NOT a component of the EBP triad?
A) Best research evidence
B) Clinical expertise
C) Patient values and preferences
D) Insurance reimbursement rates
Answer: D
Rationale: The classic EBP triad consists of best research evidence, clinical expertise, and
patient preferences/values. Insurance reimbursement is an external factor but not part
of the core EBP triad .
3. What is the primary purpose of EBP in healthcare?
A) To replace clinical expertise with research findings
B) To integrate the best available evidence with clinical expertise and patient
preferences
C) To prioritize patient preferences over scientific evidence
D) To reduce the need for clinical judgment
Answer: B
Rationale: EBP involves the integration of the best research evidence, clinical expertise,
and patient values/preferences to guide clinical decision-making. It does not replace
clinical expertise but complements it .
,4. Which step of the EBP process involves identifying a problem or knowledge
trigger?
A) Ask
B) Acquire
C) Appraise
D) Apply
Answer: A
Rationale: The Iowa Model begins with 'triggers' which are either problem-focused or
knowledge-focused. Identifying these triggers is the first step in the EBP process .
5. What does the "A" in the EBP process stand for?
A) Ask
B) Acquire
C) Appraise
D) Apply
Answer: A
Rationale: The EBP process typically follows the 5 A's: Ask, Acquire, Appraise, Apply, and
Assess. The "Ask" step involves formulating a clinical question .
6. In EBP, what does "appraising the evidence" primarily involve?
A) Writing a systematic review
B) Critically evaluating the quality and applicability of research
C) Implementing a new protocol
D) Collecting new data
Answer: B
Rationale: Appraising the evidence involves critically evaluating the quality, validity, and
applicability of research evidence to determine its usefulness for clinical practice .
, 7. Which term refers to the use of findings from disciplined research in a practical
application?
A) Research utilization
B) Evidence-based practice
C) Quality improvement
D) Knowledge translation
Answer: A
Rationale: Research utilization (RU) is the use of findings from disciplined research in a
practical application that is unrelated to the original research. EBP is broader, integrating
research with clinical expertise and patient preferences .
8. What is the primary goal of knowledge translation in EBP?
A) Publishing research only
B) Applying research findings to improve clinical practice
C) Creating textbooks
D) Conducting lab experiments
Answer: B
Rationale: Knowledge translation ensures that evidence informs real-world clinical
decisions. It is the process of moving research findings into practice .
9. Which of the following is a barrier to implementing EBP in clinical settings?
A) Access to journals
B) Lack of time and resources
C) Availability of guidelines
D) Patient interest
Answer: B
Rationale: Time constraints, insufficient resources, and lack of training often hinder EBP
implementation. While access to journals can be a barrier, lack of time and resources is
more commonly cited .
Practice 2027 – Research Methodologies in Healthcare
Fields
ABSTRACT
This comprehensive question bank has been developed for students preparing for the
Health Sciences 3400 Evidence-Based Practice Final Examination at The Ohio State
University during the 2027 academic year. HTHRHSC 3400 is a course offered through
the School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences that focuses on applying evidence-
based strategies to improve community and public health outcomes . The 200 multiple-
choice questions are organized into eight major content areas aligned with the official
course curriculum: Evidence-Based Practice Fundamentals (25 questions), Research
Question Formulation & PICO (25 questions), Study Design & Levels of Evidence (30
questions), Quantitative Research Methods (30 questions), Qualitative Research
Methods (25 questions), Research Appraisal & Critical Analysis (25 questions),
Systematic Reviews & Meta-Analysis (20 questions), and Research Ethics &
Implementation (20 questions). Each question includes a detailed Rationale emphasizing
EBP principles, research methodologies, and critical appraisal skills essential for
translating evidence into clinical and public health practice . This resource aligns with
the 2026/2027 course objectives, which include identifying research questions,
appraising research articles, and integrating evidence into health science professions .
SECTION A: EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE FUNDAMENTALS
(Questions 1-25)
1. What is the best definition of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)?
A) A combination of best research evidence, clinical expertise, and the needs and values
of patients
B) A determination of the factors necessary to control patient responses to care
,C) The development of population care guidelines applicable to all patients
D) The utilization of quantitative and qualitative studies to enhance patient outcomes
Answer: A
Rationale: Evidence-based practice evolves from the integration of the best research
evidence with clinical expertise and patient needs and values. EBP is not just the use of
guidelines or quantitative studies but a combination of all three components .
2. Which of the following is NOT a component of the EBP triad?
A) Best research evidence
B) Clinical expertise
C) Patient values and preferences
D) Insurance reimbursement rates
Answer: D
Rationale: The classic EBP triad consists of best research evidence, clinical expertise, and
patient preferences/values. Insurance reimbursement is an external factor but not part
of the core EBP triad .
3. What is the primary purpose of EBP in healthcare?
A) To replace clinical expertise with research findings
B) To integrate the best available evidence with clinical expertise and patient
preferences
C) To prioritize patient preferences over scientific evidence
D) To reduce the need for clinical judgment
Answer: B
Rationale: EBP involves the integration of the best research evidence, clinical expertise,
and patient values/preferences to guide clinical decision-making. It does not replace
clinical expertise but complements it .
,4. Which step of the EBP process involves identifying a problem or knowledge
trigger?
A) Ask
B) Acquire
C) Appraise
D) Apply
Answer: A
Rationale: The Iowa Model begins with 'triggers' which are either problem-focused or
knowledge-focused. Identifying these triggers is the first step in the EBP process .
5. What does the "A" in the EBP process stand for?
A) Ask
B) Acquire
C) Appraise
D) Apply
Answer: A
Rationale: The EBP process typically follows the 5 A's: Ask, Acquire, Appraise, Apply, and
Assess. The "Ask" step involves formulating a clinical question .
6. In EBP, what does "appraising the evidence" primarily involve?
A) Writing a systematic review
B) Critically evaluating the quality and applicability of research
C) Implementing a new protocol
D) Collecting new data
Answer: B
Rationale: Appraising the evidence involves critically evaluating the quality, validity, and
applicability of research evidence to determine its usefulness for clinical practice .
, 7. Which term refers to the use of findings from disciplined research in a practical
application?
A) Research utilization
B) Evidence-based practice
C) Quality improvement
D) Knowledge translation
Answer: A
Rationale: Research utilization (RU) is the use of findings from disciplined research in a
practical application that is unrelated to the original research. EBP is broader, integrating
research with clinical expertise and patient preferences .
8. What is the primary goal of knowledge translation in EBP?
A) Publishing research only
B) Applying research findings to improve clinical practice
C) Creating textbooks
D) Conducting lab experiments
Answer: B
Rationale: Knowledge translation ensures that evidence informs real-world clinical
decisions. It is the process of moving research findings into practice .
9. Which of the following is a barrier to implementing EBP in clinical settings?
A) Access to journals
B) Lack of time and resources
C) Availability of guidelines
D) Patient interest
Answer: B
Rationale: Time constraints, insufficient resources, and lack of training often hinder EBP
implementation. While access to journals can be a barrier, lack of time and resources is
more commonly cited .
