COMPREHENSIVE EPIDEMIOLOGY AND DISEASE CONTROL IN COMMUNITY HEALTH
QUESTIONS AND COMPLETE ANSWERS 2026
What is epidemiology? - answ.The study of how diseases spread and affect populations.
What does 'occurrence and distribution' refer to in epidemiology? - answ.How often diseases
happen and where/how they affect different groups.
What are determinants of health? - answ.Factors that influence why people get sick, such as
environment, behavior, and genetics.
What is the purpose of control in epidemiology? - answ.Using knowledge to prevent or manage
health problems within a population.
Who is known as the father of epidemiology? - answ.John Snow.
What problem did John Snow investigate? - answ.Unusual cholera cases in London in 1854.
What method did John Snow use to track cholera cases? - answ.Mapping to track where the
disease was spreading.
What was John Snow's hypothesis about cholera? - answ.Contaminated water from a specific
pump was spreading cholera.
What significant change did Florence Nightingale implement? - answ.Improved cleanliness and
ventilation in hospitals.
, What was Nightingale's hypothesis regarding soldiers' high death rates? - answ.Poor sanitation
was causing disease.
What are the steps in the epidemiological process? - answ.1. Define Problem 2. Gather info 3.
Describe problem by person, place, time 4. Formulate hypothesis 5. Analyze data 6. Plan for
control 7. Implement control plan 8. Evaluate control plan.
What are the three factors of the Epidemiological Triangle? - answ.1. Agent 2. Host 3.
Environment.
What is an example of an agent in disease? - answ.Bacteria or a virus.
What is a host in epidemiology? - answ.A person or animal that can get the disease.
What does the environment refer to in the Epidemiological Triangle? - answ.The surroundings
that allow the agent and host to interact.
What is descriptive epidemiology concerned with? - answ.Looks at the 'who, what, where, and
when' of disease. It describes patterns and occurrences in populations.
What does analytical epidemiology investigate? - answ.Digs deeper into 'why and how' of
disease patterns using comparison groups.
What is the formula for calculating rates in epidemiology? - answ.# of conditions or events
occurring over a period of time / total population at risk during the same period x multiple of
10.
What is an endemic disease? - answ.A disease consistently present at a moderate level in a
particular location.
QUESTIONS AND COMPLETE ANSWERS 2026
What is epidemiology? - answ.The study of how diseases spread and affect populations.
What does 'occurrence and distribution' refer to in epidemiology? - answ.How often diseases
happen and where/how they affect different groups.
What are determinants of health? - answ.Factors that influence why people get sick, such as
environment, behavior, and genetics.
What is the purpose of control in epidemiology? - answ.Using knowledge to prevent or manage
health problems within a population.
Who is known as the father of epidemiology? - answ.John Snow.
What problem did John Snow investigate? - answ.Unusual cholera cases in London in 1854.
What method did John Snow use to track cholera cases? - answ.Mapping to track where the
disease was spreading.
What was John Snow's hypothesis about cholera? - answ.Contaminated water from a specific
pump was spreading cholera.
What significant change did Florence Nightingale implement? - answ.Improved cleanliness and
ventilation in hospitals.
, What was Nightingale's hypothesis regarding soldiers' high death rates? - answ.Poor sanitation
was causing disease.
What are the steps in the epidemiological process? - answ.1. Define Problem 2. Gather info 3.
Describe problem by person, place, time 4. Formulate hypothesis 5. Analyze data 6. Plan for
control 7. Implement control plan 8. Evaluate control plan.
What are the three factors of the Epidemiological Triangle? - answ.1. Agent 2. Host 3.
Environment.
What is an example of an agent in disease? - answ.Bacteria or a virus.
What is a host in epidemiology? - answ.A person or animal that can get the disease.
What does the environment refer to in the Epidemiological Triangle? - answ.The surroundings
that allow the agent and host to interact.
What is descriptive epidemiology concerned with? - answ.Looks at the 'who, what, where, and
when' of disease. It describes patterns and occurrences in populations.
What does analytical epidemiology investigate? - answ.Digs deeper into 'why and how' of
disease patterns using comparison groups.
What is the formula for calculating rates in epidemiology? - answ.# of conditions or events
occurring over a period of time / total population at risk during the same period x multiple of
10.
What is an endemic disease? - answ.A disease consistently present at a moderate level in a
particular location.
