Psychology: Key
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, Developmental Psychology The study of physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span.
Nature vs. Nurture The debate over whether development is influenced more by genetics (nature) or
experience/environment (nurture).
Continuity vs. Stages The debate over whether development happens gradually and continuously or
through distinct stages.
Universal vs. Cultural The debate over whether developmental patterns are universal or influenced by
culture.
Zygote The fertilized egg during the first two weeks of prenatal development.
Zygote Survival Less than half of zygotes survive the first two weeks.
Embryo The developing organism from approximately weeks 3-8 of prenatal development.
Fetus The developing organism from week 9 until birth.
Fetal Development During the fetal period, body organs begin to form and function, and the organism
becomes recognizably human.
Six-Month Prenatal Period A critical period of prenatal development when major development is occurring.
Maternal Age and Developmental Risk Older maternal age is associated with an increased risk of Down syndrome.
Paternal Age and Developmental Risk Older paternal age is associated with increased risk of schizophrenia and bipolar
disorder.