D 570 Final Exam V1 | D 570 Cognitive Psychology |
Actual Q&A with Rationale (D570 Final Exam) |
Western Governors University
1. Which cognitive perspective emphasizes the role of mental processes, such as perception,
memory, and decision-making, in determining behavior, often using a computer metaphor?
A. Behaviorism
B. Humanism
C. Information Processing
D. Structuralism
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The Information Processing approach views the human mind as a system
that encodes, stores, and retrieves information similar to a computer. This model shifted
the focus of psychology away from observable behavior to internal mental states. It
remains a foundational framework for understanding how cognitive resources are
allocated during complex tasks.
2. A researcher is studying how individuals recognize a ‘cup’ regardless of its color, size, or the
angle from which it is viewed. This phenomenon is best described as:
A. Top-down processing
B. Object constancy
,C. Feature integration
D. Sensory adaptation
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Object constancy refers to the ability to perceive objects as stable and
unchanging despite changes in sensory input. This involves maintaining a consistent
perception of an object’s shape, size, and color across different environments. It is a critical
component of human vision that allows for reliable interaction with the physical world.
3. According to Broadbent’s Filter Model of Attention, where does the selection of
information occur?
A. After semantic processing
B. Immediately after sensory input and before pattern recognition
C. Before physical characteristics are analyzed
D. During the output stage of the response
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Broadbent’s model is an ‘early selection’ theory, suggesting that information
is filtered based on physical properties like pitch or location before it is processed for
meaning. This prevents the information-processing system from becoming overloaded by
irrelevant stimuli. Later theories, like Treisman’s, modified this to suggest an attenuation
rather than a complete block.
, 4. In the context of working memory, which component is responsible for the temporary
storage and manipulation of visual and spatial information?
A. Phonological loop
B. Central executive
C. Episodic buffer
D. Visuospatial sketchpad
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The visuospatial sketchpad is a subcomponent of Baddeley’s Working
Memory Model dedicated to imagery. It allows individuals to mentally rotate objects or
navigate through a familiar building in their minds. This system works independently of
the phonological loop, which handles auditory and verbal information.
5. Which of the following best describes the ‘Word Superiority Effect’?
A. Letters are easier to identify when they are part of a meaningful word than when they
are alone.
B. Words are recognized faster than pictures.
C. Longer words are remembered better than shorter words due to semantic depth.
D. Verbal information is processed in the left hemisphere more efficiently than the right.
Correct Answer: A
Actual Q&A with Rationale (D570 Final Exam) |
Western Governors University
1. Which cognitive perspective emphasizes the role of mental processes, such as perception,
memory, and decision-making, in determining behavior, often using a computer metaphor?
A. Behaviorism
B. Humanism
C. Information Processing
D. Structuralism
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The Information Processing approach views the human mind as a system
that encodes, stores, and retrieves information similar to a computer. This model shifted
the focus of psychology away from observable behavior to internal mental states. It
remains a foundational framework for understanding how cognitive resources are
allocated during complex tasks.
2. A researcher is studying how individuals recognize a ‘cup’ regardless of its color, size, or the
angle from which it is viewed. This phenomenon is best described as:
A. Top-down processing
B. Object constancy
,C. Feature integration
D. Sensory adaptation
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Object constancy refers to the ability to perceive objects as stable and
unchanging despite changes in sensory input. This involves maintaining a consistent
perception of an object’s shape, size, and color across different environments. It is a critical
component of human vision that allows for reliable interaction with the physical world.
3. According to Broadbent’s Filter Model of Attention, where does the selection of
information occur?
A. After semantic processing
B. Immediately after sensory input and before pattern recognition
C. Before physical characteristics are analyzed
D. During the output stage of the response
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Broadbent’s model is an ‘early selection’ theory, suggesting that information
is filtered based on physical properties like pitch or location before it is processed for
meaning. This prevents the information-processing system from becoming overloaded by
irrelevant stimuli. Later theories, like Treisman’s, modified this to suggest an attenuation
rather than a complete block.
, 4. In the context of working memory, which component is responsible for the temporary
storage and manipulation of visual and spatial information?
A. Phonological loop
B. Central executive
C. Episodic buffer
D. Visuospatial sketchpad
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The visuospatial sketchpad is a subcomponent of Baddeley’s Working
Memory Model dedicated to imagery. It allows individuals to mentally rotate objects or
navigate through a familiar building in their minds. This system works independently of
the phonological loop, which handles auditory and verbal information.
5. Which of the following best describes the ‘Word Superiority Effect’?
A. Letters are easier to identify when they are part of a meaningful word than when they
are alone.
B. Words are recognized faster than pictures.
C. Longer words are remembered better than shorter words due to semantic depth.
D. Verbal information is processed in the left hemisphere more efficiently than the right.
Correct Answer: A
