D 570 Exam 4 V2 | D 570 Cognitive Psychology |
Actual Q&A with Rationale (D570 Exam 4) |
Western Governors University
1. Which component of Baddeley’s Working Memory Model is responsible for maintaining
and manipulating visual and spatial information?
A. Phonological Loop
B. Episodic Buffer
C. Central Executive
D. Visuospatial Sketchpad
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The visuospatial sketchpad is the specialized subsystem for storing visual
and spatial imagery. It allows individuals to mentally rotate objects and navigate through
physical environments. Unlike the phonological loop, it does not handle auditory
information.
2. In the context of problem solving, what is the tendency to see objects only in terms of their
typical use called?
A. Functional fixedness
B. Confirmation bias
C. Mental set
,D. Availability heuristic
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Functional fixedness is a cognitive bias that limits a person to using an object
only in the way it is traditionally used. This phenomenon often prevents effective problem
solving by narrowing the range of perceived solutions. Overcoming this bias is essential for
creative thinking and innovation.
3. Broadbent’s early selection model of attention proposes that information is filtered based
on what characteristics?
A. Semantic meaning
B. Emotional salience
C. Physical properties
D. Implicit associations
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Broadbent’s filter model suggests that sensory information is screened based
on physical traits like pitch or location before semantic analysis occurs. This early selection
prevents the system from becoming overloaded by irrelevant stimuli. However, it fails to
explain why meaningful information like one’s name can capture attention in the
unattended ear.
, 4. Which type of memory is characterized by the conscious recollection of specific personal
experiences and events?
A. Procedural memory
B. Semantic memory
C. Implicit memory
D. Episodic memory
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Episodic memory involves the ability to recall specific life events linked to a
particular time and place. It is a subset of declarative memory that allows for ‘mental time
travel’ to past experiences. This differs from semantic memory, which covers general
knowledge and facts without personal context.
5. The ‘word superiority effect’ demonstrates that people are better at identifying a letter
when it is presented in which context?
A. A random string of letters
B. A real word
C. Isolation
D. A mathematical equation
Correct Answer: B
Actual Q&A with Rationale (D570 Exam 4) |
Western Governors University
1. Which component of Baddeley’s Working Memory Model is responsible for maintaining
and manipulating visual and spatial information?
A. Phonological Loop
B. Episodic Buffer
C. Central Executive
D. Visuospatial Sketchpad
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The visuospatial sketchpad is the specialized subsystem for storing visual
and spatial imagery. It allows individuals to mentally rotate objects and navigate through
physical environments. Unlike the phonological loop, it does not handle auditory
information.
2. In the context of problem solving, what is the tendency to see objects only in terms of their
typical use called?
A. Functional fixedness
B. Confirmation bias
C. Mental set
,D. Availability heuristic
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Functional fixedness is a cognitive bias that limits a person to using an object
only in the way it is traditionally used. This phenomenon often prevents effective problem
solving by narrowing the range of perceived solutions. Overcoming this bias is essential for
creative thinking and innovation.
3. Broadbent’s early selection model of attention proposes that information is filtered based
on what characteristics?
A. Semantic meaning
B. Emotional salience
C. Physical properties
D. Implicit associations
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Broadbent’s filter model suggests that sensory information is screened based
on physical traits like pitch or location before semantic analysis occurs. This early selection
prevents the system from becoming overloaded by irrelevant stimuli. However, it fails to
explain why meaningful information like one’s name can capture attention in the
unattended ear.
, 4. Which type of memory is characterized by the conscious recollection of specific personal
experiences and events?
A. Procedural memory
B. Semantic memory
C. Implicit memory
D. Episodic memory
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Episodic memory involves the ability to recall specific life events linked to a
particular time and place. It is a subset of declarative memory that allows for ‘mental time
travel’ to past experiences. This differs from semantic memory, which covers general
knowledge and facts without personal context.
5. The ‘word superiority effect’ demonstrates that people are better at identifying a letter
when it is presented in which context?
A. A random string of letters
B. A real word
C. Isolation
D. A mathematical equation
Correct Answer: B
