FDSC 3303 ACTUAL FINALS ANSWERS AND
QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔factors affecting cleaning - ✔✔-Type of soil
-Type of cleaning agent
-Surface being cleaned
-Temperature
-Duration of contact
-Pressure applied
-Type of water
✔✔water should be - ✔✔-Clear
-Sparkling
-Free of pathogens
-No off odors or flavors
✔✔major water impurities - ✔✔-Suspended matter
-Pathogens
-Dissolved flavor and odor compounds
-Minerals
-environmental chemicals/contaminants
✔✔hard water minerals - ✔✔-Water hardness is the amount of minerals in the water
-Minerals occur as carbonates, bicarbonates, sulfates or chlorides
-Examples of minerals contributing to hard water:
-Calcium, Magnesium, Manganese, Iron
✔✔hard vs soft water concentration - ✔✔-Very soft-Less than 60
-Moderately hard 61 to 120
-Hard 121 to180
-Very hard More than 180
-One ppm is equivalent to 1 lb of minerals in one million lbs of water
✔✔water hardness - ✔✔-Water hardness reduces the efficacy of many cleaning agents
and some sanitizers
, -Minerals deposit on surfaces forming:
-Water spots, Scale
-Minerals can be corrosive and damage equipment (water heaters, dishmachines)
-Mineral deposits trap bacteria
-Mineral deposits are difficult to remove
-Minerals can react with cleaning agents so that cleaners isn't available to clean
✔✔water softening - ✔✔-Reverse osmosis
-Zeolite systems (adds sodium to water)
-Ion exchange
-Soda-lime systems (hot or cold
✔✔cleaning agents - ✔✔-Cleaning agents must be
-Safe for employee use, Stable and noncorrosive
-When using them
-Follow manufacturers instructions carefully, Never combine cleaners or attempt to
make up cleaning agents, Do not substitute one type of detergent for another unless the
intended use is stated clearly on the label
✔✔cleaning agents detergents - ✔✔-Contain surfactants (surface-acting agents)
-Allows detergent to penetrate and soften soil
-Types
-General-purpose detergents (mildly alkaline)
-Used to clean fresh soil
-Heavy duty detergents (highly alkaline)
-Used to remove aged or dried soil, wax, and baked-on
-3 types-synthetic, soap, alkaline
✔✔synthetic detergents - ✔✔-Cationic
-Has a positive charge in soln, Example: Quaternary ammonia
-Anionic
-Has a negative charge in soln. example: Sodium lauryl sulfate
-Nonionic
-Has no charge in soln, Example: Sterox
✔✔soap - ✔✔-Salts of fatty acids
-Not a good cleaning agent for food service or manufacturing, Reacts with minerals,
Doesn't rinse well, Use for handwashing only
✔✔alkaline cleaners-fat removal - ✔✔-Mild
-Ex: Sodium bicarbonate or sodium carbonate
-Heavy-duty
-Ex: Sodium pyrophosphate, Can cause burns, Clean cooking equipment
-Strong
-Ex: Concentrated sodium hydroxide (lye), Can cause burns, Clean cooking equipment
& drains
QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔factors affecting cleaning - ✔✔-Type of soil
-Type of cleaning agent
-Surface being cleaned
-Temperature
-Duration of contact
-Pressure applied
-Type of water
✔✔water should be - ✔✔-Clear
-Sparkling
-Free of pathogens
-No off odors or flavors
✔✔major water impurities - ✔✔-Suspended matter
-Pathogens
-Dissolved flavor and odor compounds
-Minerals
-environmental chemicals/contaminants
✔✔hard water minerals - ✔✔-Water hardness is the amount of minerals in the water
-Minerals occur as carbonates, bicarbonates, sulfates or chlorides
-Examples of minerals contributing to hard water:
-Calcium, Magnesium, Manganese, Iron
✔✔hard vs soft water concentration - ✔✔-Very soft-Less than 60
-Moderately hard 61 to 120
-Hard 121 to180
-Very hard More than 180
-One ppm is equivalent to 1 lb of minerals in one million lbs of water
✔✔water hardness - ✔✔-Water hardness reduces the efficacy of many cleaning agents
and some sanitizers
, -Minerals deposit on surfaces forming:
-Water spots, Scale
-Minerals can be corrosive and damage equipment (water heaters, dishmachines)
-Mineral deposits trap bacteria
-Mineral deposits are difficult to remove
-Minerals can react with cleaning agents so that cleaners isn't available to clean
✔✔water softening - ✔✔-Reverse osmosis
-Zeolite systems (adds sodium to water)
-Ion exchange
-Soda-lime systems (hot or cold
✔✔cleaning agents - ✔✔-Cleaning agents must be
-Safe for employee use, Stable and noncorrosive
-When using them
-Follow manufacturers instructions carefully, Never combine cleaners or attempt to
make up cleaning agents, Do not substitute one type of detergent for another unless the
intended use is stated clearly on the label
✔✔cleaning agents detergents - ✔✔-Contain surfactants (surface-acting agents)
-Allows detergent to penetrate and soften soil
-Types
-General-purpose detergents (mildly alkaline)
-Used to clean fresh soil
-Heavy duty detergents (highly alkaline)
-Used to remove aged or dried soil, wax, and baked-on
-3 types-synthetic, soap, alkaline
✔✔synthetic detergents - ✔✔-Cationic
-Has a positive charge in soln, Example: Quaternary ammonia
-Anionic
-Has a negative charge in soln. example: Sodium lauryl sulfate
-Nonionic
-Has no charge in soln, Example: Sterox
✔✔soap - ✔✔-Salts of fatty acids
-Not a good cleaning agent for food service or manufacturing, Reacts with minerals,
Doesn't rinse well, Use for handwashing only
✔✔alkaline cleaners-fat removal - ✔✔-Mild
-Ex: Sodium bicarbonate or sodium carbonate
-Heavy-duty
-Ex: Sodium pyrophosphate, Can cause burns, Clean cooking equipment
-Strong
-Ex: Concentrated sodium hydroxide (lye), Can cause burns, Clean cooking equipment
& drains
