ANATOMY 260 CORRECT LATEST ANSWERS AND
QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔shoulder joint, elbow joint, hip joint, knee joint - ✔✔What are example of diarthrosis
joints?
✔✔a joint capsule, presence of articular cartilages, a joint cavity with synovial fluid, a
synovial membrane, accessory structures, and sensory nerves and blood vessels -
✔✔What are the 6 basic characteristics of synovial joints (diarthroses)?
✔✔fluid within synovial joint cavities that lubricate the surfaces of articular cartilages
and reduces friction - ✔✔What is synovial fluid and its function?
✔✔two bones gliding past each other (carpal/carpal, tarsal/tarsal) - ✔✔What is linear
movement?
✔✔abduction: moving away from midline of body
adduction: moving toward midline of the body
flexion: decreasing the angle of the joint
extension: increasing the angle of the joint - ✔✔What are the 4 angular movements?
✔✔pronation and supination (flipping wrists palm up and palm down) - ✔✔What are the
2 rotational movements?
✔✔moving the joint in a circular manner (dance big circles and little circles) - ✔✔What is
circumduction?
✔✔twisting the ankle in and twisting the ankle out - ✔✔What is inversion and eversion?
✔✔pointing toes and foot up and pointing toes and foot down - ✔✔What is dorsiflexion
and plantar flexion?
✔✔tilting your head or trunk right or left - ✔✔What is lateral flexion?
, ✔✔moving joint forward or backward but not changing angle (shoulders and mandible) -
✔✔What is protraction and retraction?
✔✔using opposable thumb to touch other fingers - ✔✔What is opposition?
✔✔moving joint up or down but not change angle (shoulders and mandible) - ✔✔What
is depression and elevation?
✔✔pulls on skeletal bones and has voluntary contraction - ✔✔What are the functions of
skeletal muscle?
✔✔pushes blood through arteries and veins and has rhythmic contractions - ✔✔What
are the functions of cardiac muscle?
✔✔pushes fluids and solids along the digestive tract and has involuntary contraction -
✔✔What are the functions of smooth muscle?
✔✔excitability: responds to stimuli
contractility: ability to shorten and pull
extensibility: ability to continue to contract over a range of resting lengths
elasticity: ability to rebound toward its original length - ✔✔What are the 4 basic
properties of muscle tissues?
✔✔produce skeletal movement, maintain posture and body position, support soft tissue,
regulate entering and exiting of material, maintain body temperature - ✔✔What are the
functions of the skeletal muscle?
✔✔epimysium: surrounds the muscle
perimysium: surrounds the fascicles
endomysium: surrounds the muscle fibers - ✔✔What are the 3 connective tissue of
muscle?
✔✔membrane that surrounds the muscle cell - ✔✔What is a sarcolemma?
✔✔the cytosol of the muscle cell - ✔✔What is a sarcoplasm?
✔✔skeletal muscle, muscle fascicles, muscle fibers, myofibrils, sarcomere, myofilament
(myosin and actin) - ✔✔What is the organization of skeletal muscle? (largest to
smallest)
✔✔ATP - ✔✔What does muscle contraction require?
QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔shoulder joint, elbow joint, hip joint, knee joint - ✔✔What are example of diarthrosis
joints?
✔✔a joint capsule, presence of articular cartilages, a joint cavity with synovial fluid, a
synovial membrane, accessory structures, and sensory nerves and blood vessels -
✔✔What are the 6 basic characteristics of synovial joints (diarthroses)?
✔✔fluid within synovial joint cavities that lubricate the surfaces of articular cartilages
and reduces friction - ✔✔What is synovial fluid and its function?
✔✔two bones gliding past each other (carpal/carpal, tarsal/tarsal) - ✔✔What is linear
movement?
✔✔abduction: moving away from midline of body
adduction: moving toward midline of the body
flexion: decreasing the angle of the joint
extension: increasing the angle of the joint - ✔✔What are the 4 angular movements?
✔✔pronation and supination (flipping wrists palm up and palm down) - ✔✔What are the
2 rotational movements?
✔✔moving the joint in a circular manner (dance big circles and little circles) - ✔✔What is
circumduction?
✔✔twisting the ankle in and twisting the ankle out - ✔✔What is inversion and eversion?
✔✔pointing toes and foot up and pointing toes and foot down - ✔✔What is dorsiflexion
and plantar flexion?
✔✔tilting your head or trunk right or left - ✔✔What is lateral flexion?
, ✔✔moving joint forward or backward but not changing angle (shoulders and mandible) -
✔✔What is protraction and retraction?
✔✔using opposable thumb to touch other fingers - ✔✔What is opposition?
✔✔moving joint up or down but not change angle (shoulders and mandible) - ✔✔What
is depression and elevation?
✔✔pulls on skeletal bones and has voluntary contraction - ✔✔What are the functions of
skeletal muscle?
✔✔pushes blood through arteries and veins and has rhythmic contractions - ✔✔What
are the functions of cardiac muscle?
✔✔pushes fluids and solids along the digestive tract and has involuntary contraction -
✔✔What are the functions of smooth muscle?
✔✔excitability: responds to stimuli
contractility: ability to shorten and pull
extensibility: ability to continue to contract over a range of resting lengths
elasticity: ability to rebound toward its original length - ✔✔What are the 4 basic
properties of muscle tissues?
✔✔produce skeletal movement, maintain posture and body position, support soft tissue,
regulate entering and exiting of material, maintain body temperature - ✔✔What are the
functions of the skeletal muscle?
✔✔epimysium: surrounds the muscle
perimysium: surrounds the fascicles
endomysium: surrounds the muscle fibers - ✔✔What are the 3 connective tissue of
muscle?
✔✔membrane that surrounds the muscle cell - ✔✔What is a sarcolemma?
✔✔the cytosol of the muscle cell - ✔✔What is a sarcoplasm?
✔✔skeletal muscle, muscle fascicles, muscle fibers, myofibrils, sarcomere, myofilament
(myosin and actin) - ✔✔What is the organization of skeletal muscle? (largest to
smallest)
✔✔ATP - ✔✔What does muscle contraction require?
