ANATOMY 260 MIDTERM EXAMS ANSWERS AND
QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔cellularity: cells are packed tightly with not intercellular space
polarity: two different sides of the cell will look different
attachment: basal layer is attached to the basal lamina
arranged in sheets: composed of one or more layers of cells
regeneration: cells are continuously replaced via cell
avascularity: does not contain blood vessels - ✔✔What are the 6 characteristics of
epithelial tissue?
✔✔microvilli and cilia - ✔✔What are the two specializations of epithelial cells?
✔✔simple: only one layer of cells
stratified: two or more layers of cells - ✔✔What are the 2 classifications of epithelia?
✔✔squamous cells: thin/flat cells
cuboidal cells: cube-shaped cells
columnar cells: longer than they are wide cells - ✔✔What are the 3 types of epithelial
tissue cells?
✔✔consist of very delicate cells that lubricates surfaces and regulates passage of
material by diffusion or filtration - ✔✔What are the properties and functions of simple
squamous epithelium?
✔✔lining the body cavities, lining the heart and blood vessels, and alveoli of the lungs -
✔✔Where are simple squamous cells found?
✔✔protection against abrasion, pathogens, and chemicals - ✔✔What is the function of
stratified squamous epithelium?
✔✔Keratinized: contains tough protein called keratin
,Nonkeratinized: forms moist lining of openings - ✔✔What are the two types of stratified
squamous epithelium?
✔✔the surface of the skin, and lines the mouth, esophagus, anus, and vagina -
✔✔Where are stratified squamous epithelium found?
✔✔secretion, absorption and protection - ✔✔What are the functions of simple cuboidal
epithelium?
✔✔thyroid gland, ducts, and kidney tubules - ✔✔Where are simple cuboidal epithelium
found?
✔✔secretion, absorption, and protection - ✔✔What are the functions of simple columnar
epithelium?
✔✔stomach lining, intestines, gallbladder, uterine tubes, and collecting ducts of the
kidneys - ✔✔Where are simple columnar epithelium located?
✔✔columnar epithelium that looks stratified but isn't, and protection and secretion -
✔✔What is pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium and their function?
✔✔nasal cavity, trachea, and bronchi - ✔✔Where is pseudostratified columnar
epithelium found?
✔✔many layers of a combination of cuboidal and "oddly shaped" cells and the ability to
stretch extensively - ✔✔What is transitional epithelium and its function?
✔✔the urinary bladder, renal pelvis, and ureters - ✔✔Where is transitional epithelium
located?
✔✔epithelia that contains gland cells - ✔✔What is glandular epithelia?
✔✔exocrine glands: secretions travel through ducts to epithelial surface
endocrine glands: secretions called hormones enter into the blood - ✔✔What are the 2
types of glandular epithelia and their secretions?
✔✔unicellular: secretes mucins
multicellular: secrete serous and/or mucous secretions and produces secretory sheets -
✔✔What are the 2 types of of gland structure?
✔✔specialized cells, extracellular protein fibers, and a matrix - ✔✔What are the 3 main
components of connective tissues?
, ✔✔the space between the cells that is made up of protein fibers and the ground
substance - ✔✔What is the matrix of connective tissues?
✔✔connective tissue proper: matrix of fibers (loose fibers and dense fibers)
fluid connective tissue: matrix of liquid (blood and lymph cells)
supporting connective tissue: matrix of gel or a solid (cartilage and bone) - ✔✔What are
the 3 classifications of connective tissue?
✔✔collagen fibers, reticular fibers, and elastic fibers - ✔✔What are the three types of
connective tissue fibers?
✔✔strong fibers - ✔✔What are the properties of collagen fibers?
✔✔connects skin to muscle and surrounds organs loosely - ✔✔What is the function of
areolar tissue?
✔✔energy storage, insulation, and cushioning - ✔✔What is the function of adipose
tissue?
✔✔supporting framework - ✔✔What is the function of reticular tissue?
✔✔to provide strength in one direction - ✔✔What is the function of dense regular
connective tissue?
✔✔to provide strength in multiple directions - ✔✔What is the function of dense irregular
connective tissue?
✔✔to allow recoil after stretching - ✔✔What is the function of elastic connective tissue
✔✔cartilage and bone - ✔✔What are the 2 types of supporting connective tissue?
✔✔hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage - ✔✔What are the 3 types of cartilage?
✔✔for flexible support and friction reduction - ✔✔What is the function of hyaline
cartilage?
✔✔for flexible support - ✔✔What is the function of elastic cartilage?
✔✔to resist compression and absorb shock - ✔✔What is the function of fibrocartilage?
✔✔support, strength, and provides framework - ✔✔What is the function of bone?
✔✔skeletal, cardiac, and smooth - ✔✔What are the 3 types of muscle cells?
QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔cellularity: cells are packed tightly with not intercellular space
polarity: two different sides of the cell will look different
attachment: basal layer is attached to the basal lamina
arranged in sheets: composed of one or more layers of cells
regeneration: cells are continuously replaced via cell
avascularity: does not contain blood vessels - ✔✔What are the 6 characteristics of
epithelial tissue?
✔✔microvilli and cilia - ✔✔What are the two specializations of epithelial cells?
✔✔simple: only one layer of cells
stratified: two or more layers of cells - ✔✔What are the 2 classifications of epithelia?
✔✔squamous cells: thin/flat cells
cuboidal cells: cube-shaped cells
columnar cells: longer than they are wide cells - ✔✔What are the 3 types of epithelial
tissue cells?
✔✔consist of very delicate cells that lubricates surfaces and regulates passage of
material by diffusion or filtration - ✔✔What are the properties and functions of simple
squamous epithelium?
✔✔lining the body cavities, lining the heart and blood vessels, and alveoli of the lungs -
✔✔Where are simple squamous cells found?
✔✔protection against abrasion, pathogens, and chemicals - ✔✔What is the function of
stratified squamous epithelium?
✔✔Keratinized: contains tough protein called keratin
,Nonkeratinized: forms moist lining of openings - ✔✔What are the two types of stratified
squamous epithelium?
✔✔the surface of the skin, and lines the mouth, esophagus, anus, and vagina -
✔✔Where are stratified squamous epithelium found?
✔✔secretion, absorption and protection - ✔✔What are the functions of simple cuboidal
epithelium?
✔✔thyroid gland, ducts, and kidney tubules - ✔✔Where are simple cuboidal epithelium
found?
✔✔secretion, absorption, and protection - ✔✔What are the functions of simple columnar
epithelium?
✔✔stomach lining, intestines, gallbladder, uterine tubes, and collecting ducts of the
kidneys - ✔✔Where are simple columnar epithelium located?
✔✔columnar epithelium that looks stratified but isn't, and protection and secretion -
✔✔What is pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium and their function?
✔✔nasal cavity, trachea, and bronchi - ✔✔Where is pseudostratified columnar
epithelium found?
✔✔many layers of a combination of cuboidal and "oddly shaped" cells and the ability to
stretch extensively - ✔✔What is transitional epithelium and its function?
✔✔the urinary bladder, renal pelvis, and ureters - ✔✔Where is transitional epithelium
located?
✔✔epithelia that contains gland cells - ✔✔What is glandular epithelia?
✔✔exocrine glands: secretions travel through ducts to epithelial surface
endocrine glands: secretions called hormones enter into the blood - ✔✔What are the 2
types of glandular epithelia and their secretions?
✔✔unicellular: secretes mucins
multicellular: secrete serous and/or mucous secretions and produces secretory sheets -
✔✔What are the 2 types of of gland structure?
✔✔specialized cells, extracellular protein fibers, and a matrix - ✔✔What are the 3 main
components of connective tissues?
, ✔✔the space between the cells that is made up of protein fibers and the ground
substance - ✔✔What is the matrix of connective tissues?
✔✔connective tissue proper: matrix of fibers (loose fibers and dense fibers)
fluid connective tissue: matrix of liquid (blood and lymph cells)
supporting connective tissue: matrix of gel or a solid (cartilage and bone) - ✔✔What are
the 3 classifications of connective tissue?
✔✔collagen fibers, reticular fibers, and elastic fibers - ✔✔What are the three types of
connective tissue fibers?
✔✔strong fibers - ✔✔What are the properties of collagen fibers?
✔✔connects skin to muscle and surrounds organs loosely - ✔✔What is the function of
areolar tissue?
✔✔energy storage, insulation, and cushioning - ✔✔What is the function of adipose
tissue?
✔✔supporting framework - ✔✔What is the function of reticular tissue?
✔✔to provide strength in one direction - ✔✔What is the function of dense regular
connective tissue?
✔✔to provide strength in multiple directions - ✔✔What is the function of dense irregular
connective tissue?
✔✔to allow recoil after stretching - ✔✔What is the function of elastic connective tissue
✔✔cartilage and bone - ✔✔What are the 2 types of supporting connective tissue?
✔✔hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage - ✔✔What are the 3 types of cartilage?
✔✔for flexible support and friction reduction - ✔✔What is the function of hyaline
cartilage?
✔✔for flexible support - ✔✔What is the function of elastic cartilage?
✔✔to resist compression and absorb shock - ✔✔What is the function of fibrocartilage?
✔✔support, strength, and provides framework - ✔✔What is the function of bone?
✔✔skeletal, cardiac, and smooth - ✔✔What are the 3 types of muscle cells?
