ESL 154 ANSWERS AND QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔Communication-based - ✔✔teaches how to use English in every day, realistic
situations. It emphasizes practical conversational usage.
✔✔Content-based - ✔✔teaches grammar and vocabulary and uses written assignments
to practice these skills. It emphasizes an integrated approach to learning English.
✔✔The Continuum of Learning theory - ✔✔outlines predictable steps when learning a
new language. No matter the age and intelligence of the person, teachers encounter
these general levels of mastery.
✔✔The Continuum of Learning theory stages... - ✔✔1. Silent/Receptive or
Preproduction stage
2. Early Production stage
3. Speech Emergence stage
4. Intermediate Language Proficiency stage
5. Advanced Learning Proficiency stage
✔✔The Silent/Receptive or Preproduction stage - ✔✔lasts from a few hours to six
months. Students don't say much and communicate using pictures, pointing and
gestures.
✔✔In the Early Production stage - ✔✔students use one and two word phrases. They
indicate understanding with yes/no and who/what/where questions. This stage can last
six months.
✔✔The Speech Emergence stage - ✔✔may last a year. Students use short sentences
and begin to ask simple questions.
✔✔Intermediate Language Proficiency stage - ✔✔students begin to make complex
statements, share thoughts and opinions and speak more often. This may last a year or
more.
, ✔✔Advanced Learning Proficiency stage - ✔✔lasts five to seven years. Students have
acquired a substantial vocabulary and are capable of participating fully in discussions.
✔✔There are four key concepts teachers in mainstream classrooms can use to help
English Language Learners (ELL) acquire proficiency in both written and spoken
English. - ✔✔1. Increase comprehensibility
2. Build on language concepts
3. Encourage interaction with students and adults
4. Increase thinking and study skills
✔✔Increase comprehensibility - ✔✔of lesson plans and activities by using pictures,
props, gestures and voice variations to explain and demonstrate. Use short sentences
and avoid slang and idioms.
✔✔Encourage Interaction - ✔✔by asking questions and assigning group activities. This
provides the ELL student with lots of opportunities to practice what he/she knows and
increase confidence so he/she is able to learn more effectively.
✔✔Increase Thinking and Study Skills - ✔✔by asking thought-provoking questions and
assigning complex topics for research and writing projects. Establish and expect the
same high standards from every student. Use The Native Language to increase
understanding and comprehension. Translating questions and assignments into the
student's native language clarifies instructions and helps them understand what is
expected.
✔✔What is one of the first things that needs to be determined before assessing reading
ability/level? - ✔✔Cultural identity!
✔✔_________________ and ____________________ have a huge impact on
readiness to learn. Some cultures place a great emphasis on learning for everyone,
while others restrict access to educational opportunities by gender and/or economic
status. - ✔✔Heritage and personal history have a huge impact on readiness to learn.
Some cultures place a great emphasis on learning for everyone, while others restrict
access to educational opportunities by gender and/or economic status.
✔✔What plays an important role in reading readiness and ability? - ✔✔- Religious
beliefs, previous exposure to schooling, health issues, and other cultural identities
✔✔Fluency - ✔✔the ability to read and comprehend the written word accurately and
quickly.
✔✔Fluent readers DO - ✔✔recognize words and expressions
understand their meaning.
When reading out loud, their presentation is smooth, expressive and effortless.
✔✔Communication-based - ✔✔teaches how to use English in every day, realistic
situations. It emphasizes practical conversational usage.
✔✔Content-based - ✔✔teaches grammar and vocabulary and uses written assignments
to practice these skills. It emphasizes an integrated approach to learning English.
✔✔The Continuum of Learning theory - ✔✔outlines predictable steps when learning a
new language. No matter the age and intelligence of the person, teachers encounter
these general levels of mastery.
✔✔The Continuum of Learning theory stages... - ✔✔1. Silent/Receptive or
Preproduction stage
2. Early Production stage
3. Speech Emergence stage
4. Intermediate Language Proficiency stage
5. Advanced Learning Proficiency stage
✔✔The Silent/Receptive or Preproduction stage - ✔✔lasts from a few hours to six
months. Students don't say much and communicate using pictures, pointing and
gestures.
✔✔In the Early Production stage - ✔✔students use one and two word phrases. They
indicate understanding with yes/no and who/what/where questions. This stage can last
six months.
✔✔The Speech Emergence stage - ✔✔may last a year. Students use short sentences
and begin to ask simple questions.
✔✔Intermediate Language Proficiency stage - ✔✔students begin to make complex
statements, share thoughts and opinions and speak more often. This may last a year or
more.
, ✔✔Advanced Learning Proficiency stage - ✔✔lasts five to seven years. Students have
acquired a substantial vocabulary and are capable of participating fully in discussions.
✔✔There are four key concepts teachers in mainstream classrooms can use to help
English Language Learners (ELL) acquire proficiency in both written and spoken
English. - ✔✔1. Increase comprehensibility
2. Build on language concepts
3. Encourage interaction with students and adults
4. Increase thinking and study skills
✔✔Increase comprehensibility - ✔✔of lesson plans and activities by using pictures,
props, gestures and voice variations to explain and demonstrate. Use short sentences
and avoid slang and idioms.
✔✔Encourage Interaction - ✔✔by asking questions and assigning group activities. This
provides the ELL student with lots of opportunities to practice what he/she knows and
increase confidence so he/she is able to learn more effectively.
✔✔Increase Thinking and Study Skills - ✔✔by asking thought-provoking questions and
assigning complex topics for research and writing projects. Establish and expect the
same high standards from every student. Use The Native Language to increase
understanding and comprehension. Translating questions and assignments into the
student's native language clarifies instructions and helps them understand what is
expected.
✔✔What is one of the first things that needs to be determined before assessing reading
ability/level? - ✔✔Cultural identity!
✔✔_________________ and ____________________ have a huge impact on
readiness to learn. Some cultures place a great emphasis on learning for everyone,
while others restrict access to educational opportunities by gender and/or economic
status. - ✔✔Heritage and personal history have a huge impact on readiness to learn.
Some cultures place a great emphasis on learning for everyone, while others restrict
access to educational opportunities by gender and/or economic status.
✔✔What plays an important role in reading readiness and ability? - ✔✔- Religious
beliefs, previous exposure to schooling, health issues, and other cultural identities
✔✔Fluency - ✔✔the ability to read and comprehend the written word accurately and
quickly.
✔✔Fluent readers DO - ✔✔recognize words and expressions
understand their meaning.
When reading out loud, their presentation is smooth, expressive and effortless.
