NUR 521 FINALS EXAMS ANSWERS AND QUESTIONS
SET A+
✔✔What is the PK for antihistamines? - ✔✔Oral, peak 2-6 hrs
✔✔What are the contraindications of antihistamines? - ✔✔1st Gen create drowsiness,
Preg Class C, grapefruit juice, rifampin will decrease effects
✔✔What are the nursing roles for antihistamines? - ✔✔Drink one glass of water, avoid
grapefruit and alcohol, CNS affects, dehumidifier, renal clearance to determine ability
✔✔What are some adverse effects of antihistamines? - ✔✔Increased risk for viral
infections, nausea, vomiting
✔✔List some 1st gen antihistamines - ✔✔Chlorpheniramine, clemastine,
diphenhydramine
✔✔List some second gen. antihistamines - ✔✔Cetirizine, loratadine, desloratidine
✔✔What is the PT for expectorants? - ✔✔Relieves dry nonproductive cough, loosens
secretions
✔✔What is the PD for expectorants? - ✔✔Enhance output of respiratory tract secretions
by reducing adhesiveness and surface tension in mucous
✔✔What is the PK for expectorants? - ✔✔Oral, onset 30 min, duration 4-6 hrs
✔✔What are some adverse effects of expectorants? - ✔✔GI symptoms, headache,
dizziness
✔✔What are some contraindications of expectorants? - ✔✔Preg Class C, smoking,
alcohol
✔✔What are drug interactions of expectorants? - ✔✔ACE-I
, ✔✔What is the nursing role with expectorants? - ✔✔Drink 8 glasses of water per day,
monitor cough, humidifier, teach cough etiquette
✔✔What is the prototype drug of expectorants? - ✔✔Guaifenisin (mucinex)
✔✔What is the PT of mucolytics? - ✔✔Liquefy mucous -- primary CF drug!!
✔✔What is the PD of mucolytics? - ✔✔Splits disulfide bonds that hold mucous together
✔✔What is the PK for myucolytics? - ✔✔Administer by inhalation, VERY FAST ACTING
✔✔What are some adverse effects of mucolytics? - ✔✔Bronchospasms,
bronchoconstriction, chest tightness, burning
✔✔List some contraindications of mucolytics - ✔✔Hypersensitivity, no major drug
interactions
✔✔What is the nursing role with mucolytics? - ✔✔Ensure suction equipment, nebulizer
smells bad and need a resp. therapist there
✔✔What is the prototype drug of mucolytics? - ✔✔Acetylcysteine (mucomyst)
✔✔What is the PT of Beta2 agonists? - ✔✔Asthma, COPD, CAL
✔✔What is the PD of Beta2 agonists? - ✔✔Activate beta 2 receptors in SMCs of lungs;
depress histamine release
✔✔What is the PK for beta2 agonists? - ✔✔SABA: short acting (rescue inhaler) peakd
30-60 min, not for prophylaxis
LABA: long acting, IV, oral, inhalers, can be in combination with steroid (black box
warning)
✔✔What are the rules for using MDI's with beta2 agonists? - ✔✔Separate each puff by
1 min, 3 min in between two different medications, 2 inches away from mouth or with a
spacer, wash mouth immediately after use
✔✔What are some adverse effects of beta2 agonists? - ✔✔Normally well tolerated but
can cause tachycardia, palpations, angina, tremors (activating beta2 receptors in
skeletal muscle)
✔✔List some contraindications for beta2 agonists - ✔✔Decongestants, cardiac
disorders, Htn
SET A+
✔✔What is the PK for antihistamines? - ✔✔Oral, peak 2-6 hrs
✔✔What are the contraindications of antihistamines? - ✔✔1st Gen create drowsiness,
Preg Class C, grapefruit juice, rifampin will decrease effects
✔✔What are the nursing roles for antihistamines? - ✔✔Drink one glass of water, avoid
grapefruit and alcohol, CNS affects, dehumidifier, renal clearance to determine ability
✔✔What are some adverse effects of antihistamines? - ✔✔Increased risk for viral
infections, nausea, vomiting
✔✔List some 1st gen antihistamines - ✔✔Chlorpheniramine, clemastine,
diphenhydramine
✔✔List some second gen. antihistamines - ✔✔Cetirizine, loratadine, desloratidine
✔✔What is the PT for expectorants? - ✔✔Relieves dry nonproductive cough, loosens
secretions
✔✔What is the PD for expectorants? - ✔✔Enhance output of respiratory tract secretions
by reducing adhesiveness and surface tension in mucous
✔✔What is the PK for expectorants? - ✔✔Oral, onset 30 min, duration 4-6 hrs
✔✔What are some adverse effects of expectorants? - ✔✔GI symptoms, headache,
dizziness
✔✔What are some contraindications of expectorants? - ✔✔Preg Class C, smoking,
alcohol
✔✔What are drug interactions of expectorants? - ✔✔ACE-I
, ✔✔What is the nursing role with expectorants? - ✔✔Drink 8 glasses of water per day,
monitor cough, humidifier, teach cough etiquette
✔✔What is the prototype drug of expectorants? - ✔✔Guaifenisin (mucinex)
✔✔What is the PT of mucolytics? - ✔✔Liquefy mucous -- primary CF drug!!
✔✔What is the PD of mucolytics? - ✔✔Splits disulfide bonds that hold mucous together
✔✔What is the PK for myucolytics? - ✔✔Administer by inhalation, VERY FAST ACTING
✔✔What are some adverse effects of mucolytics? - ✔✔Bronchospasms,
bronchoconstriction, chest tightness, burning
✔✔List some contraindications of mucolytics - ✔✔Hypersensitivity, no major drug
interactions
✔✔What is the nursing role with mucolytics? - ✔✔Ensure suction equipment, nebulizer
smells bad and need a resp. therapist there
✔✔What is the prototype drug of mucolytics? - ✔✔Acetylcysteine (mucomyst)
✔✔What is the PT of Beta2 agonists? - ✔✔Asthma, COPD, CAL
✔✔What is the PD of Beta2 agonists? - ✔✔Activate beta 2 receptors in SMCs of lungs;
depress histamine release
✔✔What is the PK for beta2 agonists? - ✔✔SABA: short acting (rescue inhaler) peakd
30-60 min, not for prophylaxis
LABA: long acting, IV, oral, inhalers, can be in combination with steroid (black box
warning)
✔✔What are the rules for using MDI's with beta2 agonists? - ✔✔Separate each puff by
1 min, 3 min in between two different medications, 2 inches away from mouth or with a
spacer, wash mouth immediately after use
✔✔What are some adverse effects of beta2 agonists? - ✔✔Normally well tolerated but
can cause tachycardia, palpations, angina, tremors (activating beta2 receptors in
skeletal muscle)
✔✔List some contraindications for beta2 agonists - ✔✔Decongestants, cardiac
disorders, Htn
