BIO 2301 Exam 2 comprehensive
Questions and Answers with Verified
Solutions
Question 1:
Define implicit (motor) memory Memory of simple skills, how to do things.
Motor memory.
Answer:
Conditioning. Habituation/Sensation.
Question 2:
Define explicit (declarative) memory
Answer:
Memory of things that can be verbalized (people with amnesia have
impaired declaritve memory, further broken into: Semantic (facts) The
weaker arms uses more electrical activity at the same force. Episodic
(events): performing the EMG lab showing the difference.
Question 3:
Define short term/working memory
Answer:
Working: As long as it is held in conscious. Short term: Minutes to hours.
Short term involves a recurrent circuit where neurons synapse on each
other in a circle. Interruption of the circuit destroys the memory. There
was no structural change 7 "chunks" of information.
,Question 4:
Define long-term memory
Answer:
Requires actual structural changes (more NT, dendrites, proteins) Days
to years and recalled at a later time. Unlimited capacity.
Question 5:
What is consolidation?
Answer:
The neural processes that change an experience into the memory of that
experience. No unifying theory as to how memory as to how memory is
encoded, stored, and retrieved. A process not a "thing".
Question 6:
What happens physically for consolidation to occur?
Answer:
Short term transferred to long term memory. Sleep (especially non-rem
stage 3) Is needed for optimum memory consolidation. Occurs in the
hippocampus. median temporal lobes (but not stored there).
Question 7:
What specific areas of the brain are involved with formation and recall of
memories?
Answer:
Amygdala, Thalamus, temporal lobe, hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and
caudate nucleus that are involved.
, Question 8:
What is the capacity for forming short term memory?
Answer:
Short term: 7 "chunks" of information. Long-term: Unlimited capacity.
Question 9:
What is the capacity for forming long-term memories?
Answer:
Unlimited
Question 10:
Which hemisphere is language processed in?
Answer:
Right hemisphere
Question 11:
Differentiate between the Broca's and Wernicke's areas for language.
Answer:
Broca's area:Locted in the inferior frontal gyrus. Controls motor aspects
of speech (not action of the tongue, lips, larynx, only production of speech
is affected." Broca's aphasia involves slow, poorly articulated speech
(there is no impairment in understanding). Wernicke's area for language:
Located in left superior temporal gyrus. Controls understanding for words.
used to be termed the brains "dictionary". Information about written words
is sent by the occipital lobe. Wernicke's aphasia involves production of
rapid speech with no meaning called "word salad". Language spoken and
comphrension is displayed.
Questions and Answers with Verified
Solutions
Question 1:
Define implicit (motor) memory Memory of simple skills, how to do things.
Motor memory.
Answer:
Conditioning. Habituation/Sensation.
Question 2:
Define explicit (declarative) memory
Answer:
Memory of things that can be verbalized (people with amnesia have
impaired declaritve memory, further broken into: Semantic (facts) The
weaker arms uses more electrical activity at the same force. Episodic
(events): performing the EMG lab showing the difference.
Question 3:
Define short term/working memory
Answer:
Working: As long as it is held in conscious. Short term: Minutes to hours.
Short term involves a recurrent circuit where neurons synapse on each
other in a circle. Interruption of the circuit destroys the memory. There
was no structural change 7 "chunks" of information.
,Question 4:
Define long-term memory
Answer:
Requires actual structural changes (more NT, dendrites, proteins) Days
to years and recalled at a later time. Unlimited capacity.
Question 5:
What is consolidation?
Answer:
The neural processes that change an experience into the memory of that
experience. No unifying theory as to how memory as to how memory is
encoded, stored, and retrieved. A process not a "thing".
Question 6:
What happens physically for consolidation to occur?
Answer:
Short term transferred to long term memory. Sleep (especially non-rem
stage 3) Is needed for optimum memory consolidation. Occurs in the
hippocampus. median temporal lobes (but not stored there).
Question 7:
What specific areas of the brain are involved with formation and recall of
memories?
Answer:
Amygdala, Thalamus, temporal lobe, hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and
caudate nucleus that are involved.
, Question 8:
What is the capacity for forming short term memory?
Answer:
Short term: 7 "chunks" of information. Long-term: Unlimited capacity.
Question 9:
What is the capacity for forming long-term memories?
Answer:
Unlimited
Question 10:
Which hemisphere is language processed in?
Answer:
Right hemisphere
Question 11:
Differentiate between the Broca's and Wernicke's areas for language.
Answer:
Broca's area:Locted in the inferior frontal gyrus. Controls motor aspects
of speech (not action of the tongue, lips, larynx, only production of speech
is affected." Broca's aphasia involves slow, poorly articulated speech
(there is no impairment in understanding). Wernicke's area for language:
Located in left superior temporal gyrus. Controls understanding for words.
used to be termed the brains "dictionary". Information about written words
is sent by the occipital lobe. Wernicke's aphasia involves production of
rapid speech with no meaning called "word salad". Language spoken and
comphrension is displayed.
