NR 546 MIDTERM EXAM ACTUAL 2026/2027| Tested
Questions with Revised Answers | A+ Guarantee | Pass G
SECTION 1: NEUROANATOMY & NEUROBIOLOGY (Q1–40)
Q1. Which area of the brain governs executive function, impulse control, and decision-
making?
A. Prefrontal cortex
B. Amygdala
C. Hippocampus
D. Cerebellum
Answer: A
Rationale: The prefrontal cortex governs executive function, impulse control, decision-making,
and working memory. Hypofrontality correlates with negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
Q2. Which brain structure is most associated with long-term memory?
A. Prefrontal cortex
B. Amygdala
C. Hippocampus
D. Cerebellum
Answer: C
Rationale: The hippocampus is most associated with long-term memory and explicit memory
formation.
Q3. Which brain structure is key in emotional processing and fear conditioning?
A. Prefrontal cortex
B. Amygdala
C. Hippocampus
D. Cerebellum
Answer: B
Rationale: The amygdala is key in emotional processing and fear conditioning.
Q4. Which area of the brain is responsible for language comprehension?
A. Broca's area
B. Wernicke's area
C. Prefrontal cortex
D. Hippocampus
,Answer: B
Rationale: Wernicke's area, located in the temporal lobe, is responsible for language
comprehension.
Q5. Which area of the brain is responsible for speech production?
A. Broca's area
B. Wernicke's area
C. Prefrontal cortex
D. Hippocampus
Answer: A
Rationale: Broca's area, located in the frontal lobe, is responsible for speech production.
Q6. Which type of brain tissue is primarily composed of myelinated axons?
A. Grey matter
B. White matter
C. Both
D. Neither
Answer: B
Rationale: White matter is primarily composed of myelinated axons that form nerve fibers
connecting neurons from different brain regions.
Q7. Which type of brain tissue contains neuron cell bodies, dendrites, and synapses?
A. Grey matter
B. White matter
C. Both
D. Neither
Answer: A
Rationale: Grey matter contains neuron cell bodies, dendrites, and synapses where neural
processing occurs.
Q8. What is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain?
A. GABA
B. Glutamate
C. Serotonin
D. Dopamine
Answer: B
Rationale: Glutamate is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter.
,Q9. What is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain?
A. GABA
B. Glutamate
C. Serotonin
D. Dopamine
Answer: A
Rationale: GABA is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter.
Q10. Which neurotransmitter regulates mood, sleep, arousal, libido, aggression, and pain
perception?
A. GABA
B. Glutamate
C. Serotonin
D. Dopamine
Answer: C
Rationale: Serotonin (5HT) regulates mood, sleep, arousal, libido, aggression, and pain
perception.
Q11. Which neurotransmitter mediates fight-or-flight, focus, and productivity?
A. GABA
B. Glutamate
C. Norepinephrine
D. Dopamine
Answer: C
Rationale: Norepinephrine (NE) mediates fight-or-flight, focus, and productivity.
Q12. Which neurotransmitter regulates mood, executive function, movement, and
coordination?
A. GABA
B. Glutamate
C. Serotonin
D. Dopamine
Answer: D
Rationale: Dopamine (DA) regulates mood, executive function, movement, and coordination.
Q13. Which neurotransmitter affects arousal, motivation, attention, learning, and REM sleep?
A. Acetylcholine
B. Glutamate
, C. Serotonin
D. Dopamine
Answer: A
Rationale: Acetylcholine (Ach) affects arousal, motivation, attention, learning, and REM sleep.
Q14. Which dopamine pathway is associated with reward and emotion?
A. Mesolimbic
B. Mesocortical
C. Nigrostriatal
D. Tuberoinfundibular
Answer: A
Rationale: The mesolimbic pathway is associated with reward and emotion.
Q15. Which dopamine pathway is associated with cognition and executive function?
A. Mesolimbic
B. Mesocortical
C. Nigrostriatal
D. Tuberoinfundibular
Answer: B
Rationale: The mesocortical pathway is associated with cognition and executive function.
Q16. Which dopamine pathway is associated with motor control?
A. Mesolimbic
B. Mesocortical
C. Nigrostriatal
D. Tuberoinfundibular
Answer: C
Rationale: The nigrostriatal pathway is associated with motor control.
Q17. Which dopamine pathway is associated with prolactin regulation?
A. Mesolimbic
B. Mesocortical
C. Nigrostriatal
D. Tuberoinfundibular
Answer: D
Rationale: The tuberoinfundibular pathway is associated with prolactin regulation.
Questions with Revised Answers | A+ Guarantee | Pass G
SECTION 1: NEUROANATOMY & NEUROBIOLOGY (Q1–40)
Q1. Which area of the brain governs executive function, impulse control, and decision-
making?
A. Prefrontal cortex
B. Amygdala
C. Hippocampus
D. Cerebellum
Answer: A
Rationale: The prefrontal cortex governs executive function, impulse control, decision-making,
and working memory. Hypofrontality correlates with negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
Q2. Which brain structure is most associated with long-term memory?
A. Prefrontal cortex
B. Amygdala
C. Hippocampus
D. Cerebellum
Answer: C
Rationale: The hippocampus is most associated with long-term memory and explicit memory
formation.
Q3. Which brain structure is key in emotional processing and fear conditioning?
A. Prefrontal cortex
B. Amygdala
C. Hippocampus
D. Cerebellum
Answer: B
Rationale: The amygdala is key in emotional processing and fear conditioning.
Q4. Which area of the brain is responsible for language comprehension?
A. Broca's area
B. Wernicke's area
C. Prefrontal cortex
D. Hippocampus
,Answer: B
Rationale: Wernicke's area, located in the temporal lobe, is responsible for language
comprehension.
Q5. Which area of the brain is responsible for speech production?
A. Broca's area
B. Wernicke's area
C. Prefrontal cortex
D. Hippocampus
Answer: A
Rationale: Broca's area, located in the frontal lobe, is responsible for speech production.
Q6. Which type of brain tissue is primarily composed of myelinated axons?
A. Grey matter
B. White matter
C. Both
D. Neither
Answer: B
Rationale: White matter is primarily composed of myelinated axons that form nerve fibers
connecting neurons from different brain regions.
Q7. Which type of brain tissue contains neuron cell bodies, dendrites, and synapses?
A. Grey matter
B. White matter
C. Both
D. Neither
Answer: A
Rationale: Grey matter contains neuron cell bodies, dendrites, and synapses where neural
processing occurs.
Q8. What is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain?
A. GABA
B. Glutamate
C. Serotonin
D. Dopamine
Answer: B
Rationale: Glutamate is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter.
,Q9. What is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain?
A. GABA
B. Glutamate
C. Serotonin
D. Dopamine
Answer: A
Rationale: GABA is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter.
Q10. Which neurotransmitter regulates mood, sleep, arousal, libido, aggression, and pain
perception?
A. GABA
B. Glutamate
C. Serotonin
D. Dopamine
Answer: C
Rationale: Serotonin (5HT) regulates mood, sleep, arousal, libido, aggression, and pain
perception.
Q11. Which neurotransmitter mediates fight-or-flight, focus, and productivity?
A. GABA
B. Glutamate
C. Norepinephrine
D. Dopamine
Answer: C
Rationale: Norepinephrine (NE) mediates fight-or-flight, focus, and productivity.
Q12. Which neurotransmitter regulates mood, executive function, movement, and
coordination?
A. GABA
B. Glutamate
C. Serotonin
D. Dopamine
Answer: D
Rationale: Dopamine (DA) regulates mood, executive function, movement, and coordination.
Q13. Which neurotransmitter affects arousal, motivation, attention, learning, and REM sleep?
A. Acetylcholine
B. Glutamate
, C. Serotonin
D. Dopamine
Answer: A
Rationale: Acetylcholine (Ach) affects arousal, motivation, attention, learning, and REM sleep.
Q14. Which dopamine pathway is associated with reward and emotion?
A. Mesolimbic
B. Mesocortical
C. Nigrostriatal
D. Tuberoinfundibular
Answer: A
Rationale: The mesolimbic pathway is associated with reward and emotion.
Q15. Which dopamine pathway is associated with cognition and executive function?
A. Mesolimbic
B. Mesocortical
C. Nigrostriatal
D. Tuberoinfundibular
Answer: B
Rationale: The mesocortical pathway is associated with cognition and executive function.
Q16. Which dopamine pathway is associated with motor control?
A. Mesolimbic
B. Mesocortical
C. Nigrostriatal
D. Tuberoinfundibular
Answer: C
Rationale: The nigrostriatal pathway is associated with motor control.
Q17. Which dopamine pathway is associated with prolactin regulation?
A. Mesolimbic
B. Mesocortical
C. Nigrostriatal
D. Tuberoinfundibular
Answer: D
Rationale: The tuberoinfundibular pathway is associated with prolactin regulation.
