AP Biology Unit 5 comprehensive
Questions and Answers with Verified
Solutions
Question 1:
If a horticulturist breeding gardenias succeeds in having a single plant
with a particularly desirable set of traits, which of the following would be
her most probable and efficient route to establishing a line of such plants?
A) Backtrack through her previous experiments to obtain another plant
with the same traits. B) Breed this plant with another plant with much
weaker traits C) Clone the plant asexually to produce an identical one. D)
Force the plant to self-pollinate to obtain an identical one. E) Add nitrogen
to the soil of the offspring of this plant so the desired traits continue.
Answer:
C) Clone the plant asexually to produce an identical one.
Question 2:
5) Which of the following defines a genome? A) representation of a
complete set of a cell's polypeptides B) the complete set of an organism's
polypeptides C) the complete set of a species' polypeptides D) a
karyotype E) the complete set of an organism's genes
Answer:
E) the complete set of an organism's genes
,Question 3:
Which is the smallest unit containing the entire human genome? A. all of
the DNA of one human B. one human somatic cell C. one human
chromosome D. the entire human population E. one human gene
Answer:
B
Question 4:
If an organism is diploid and a certain gene found in the organism has 18
known alleles (variants), then any given organism of that species
can/must have which of the following? A) At most, 2 alleles for that gene
B) Up to 18 chromosomes with that gene C) Up to 18 genes for that trait
D) A haploid number of 9 chromosomes E) Up to, but not more than, 18
different traits
Answer:
A) At most, 2 alleles for that gene
Question 5:
4) Which of the following is a true statement about sexual vs. asexual
reproduction? A) Asexual reproduction, but not sexual reproduction, is
characteristic of plants and fungi. B) In sexual reproduction, individuals
transmit 50% of their genes to each of their offspring. C) In asexual
reproduction, offspring are produced by fertilization without meiosis. D)
Sexual reproduction requires that parents be diploid. E) Asexual
reproduction produces only haploid offspring.
Answer:
B) In sexual reproduction, individuals transmit 50% of their genes to each
of their offspring.
,Question 6:
6) At which stage of mitosis are chromosomes usually photographed in
the preparation of a karyotype? A) prophase B) metaphase C) anaphase
D) telophase E) interphase
Answer:
B) metaphase
Question 7:
Which of the following is true of a species that has a chromosome
number of 2n = 16? A. During the S phase of the cell cycle there will be
32 separate chromosomes. B. The species is diploid with 32
chromosomes per cell. C. A gamete from this species has four
chromosomes. D. The species has 16 sets of chromosomes per cell. E.
Each cell has eight homologous pairs.
Answer:
E
Question 8:
Eukaryotic sexual life cycles show tremendous variation. Of the following
elements, which do all sexual life cycles have in common? I. Alternation
of generations II. Meiosis III. Fertilization IV. Gametes V. Spores A. II, IV,
and V B. I, II, and IV C. I, IV, and V D. I, II, III, IV, and V E. II, III, and IV
Answer:
E
, Question 9:
Which of these statements is false? A. At sexual maturity, ovaries and
testes produce diploid gametes by meiosis. B. Sexual life cycles differ
with respect to the relative timing of meiosis and fertilization. C. In
humans, each of the 22 maternal autosomes has a homologous paternal
chromosome. D. Single, haploid (n) sets of chromosomes in ovum and
sperm unite during fertilization, forming a diploid (2n), single-celled
zygote. E. In humans, the 23rd pair, the sex chromosomes, determines
whether the person is female (XX) or male (XY).
Answer:
A
Question 10:
Referring to a plant's sexual life cycle, which of the following terms
describes the process that leads directly to the formation of gametes? A.
sporophyte meiosis B. gametophyte mitosis C. sporophyte mitosis D.
gametophyte meiosis E. alternation of generations
Answer:
B
Question 11:
Which of the following is an example of alternation of generations? A. A
grandparent and grandchild each have dark hair, but the parent has blond
hair. B. A diploid animal produces gametes by meiosis, and the gametes
undergo fertilization to produce a diploid zygote. C. A diploid plant
(sporophyte) produces, by meiosis, a spore that gives rise to a
multicellular, haploid pollen
Answer:
C
Questions and Answers with Verified
Solutions
Question 1:
If a horticulturist breeding gardenias succeeds in having a single plant
with a particularly desirable set of traits, which of the following would be
her most probable and efficient route to establishing a line of such plants?
A) Backtrack through her previous experiments to obtain another plant
with the same traits. B) Breed this plant with another plant with much
weaker traits C) Clone the plant asexually to produce an identical one. D)
Force the plant to self-pollinate to obtain an identical one. E) Add nitrogen
to the soil of the offspring of this plant so the desired traits continue.
Answer:
C) Clone the plant asexually to produce an identical one.
Question 2:
5) Which of the following defines a genome? A) representation of a
complete set of a cell's polypeptides B) the complete set of an organism's
polypeptides C) the complete set of a species' polypeptides D) a
karyotype E) the complete set of an organism's genes
Answer:
E) the complete set of an organism's genes
,Question 3:
Which is the smallest unit containing the entire human genome? A. all of
the DNA of one human B. one human somatic cell C. one human
chromosome D. the entire human population E. one human gene
Answer:
B
Question 4:
If an organism is diploid and a certain gene found in the organism has 18
known alleles (variants), then any given organism of that species
can/must have which of the following? A) At most, 2 alleles for that gene
B) Up to 18 chromosomes with that gene C) Up to 18 genes for that trait
D) A haploid number of 9 chromosomes E) Up to, but not more than, 18
different traits
Answer:
A) At most, 2 alleles for that gene
Question 5:
4) Which of the following is a true statement about sexual vs. asexual
reproduction? A) Asexual reproduction, but not sexual reproduction, is
characteristic of plants and fungi. B) In sexual reproduction, individuals
transmit 50% of their genes to each of their offspring. C) In asexual
reproduction, offspring are produced by fertilization without meiosis. D)
Sexual reproduction requires that parents be diploid. E) Asexual
reproduction produces only haploid offspring.
Answer:
B) In sexual reproduction, individuals transmit 50% of their genes to each
of their offspring.
,Question 6:
6) At which stage of mitosis are chromosomes usually photographed in
the preparation of a karyotype? A) prophase B) metaphase C) anaphase
D) telophase E) interphase
Answer:
B) metaphase
Question 7:
Which of the following is true of a species that has a chromosome
number of 2n = 16? A. During the S phase of the cell cycle there will be
32 separate chromosomes. B. The species is diploid with 32
chromosomes per cell. C. A gamete from this species has four
chromosomes. D. The species has 16 sets of chromosomes per cell. E.
Each cell has eight homologous pairs.
Answer:
E
Question 8:
Eukaryotic sexual life cycles show tremendous variation. Of the following
elements, which do all sexual life cycles have in common? I. Alternation
of generations II. Meiosis III. Fertilization IV. Gametes V. Spores A. II, IV,
and V B. I, II, and IV C. I, IV, and V D. I, II, III, IV, and V E. II, III, and IV
Answer:
E
, Question 9:
Which of these statements is false? A. At sexual maturity, ovaries and
testes produce diploid gametes by meiosis. B. Sexual life cycles differ
with respect to the relative timing of meiosis and fertilization. C. In
humans, each of the 22 maternal autosomes has a homologous paternal
chromosome. D. Single, haploid (n) sets of chromosomes in ovum and
sperm unite during fertilization, forming a diploid (2n), single-celled
zygote. E. In humans, the 23rd pair, the sex chromosomes, determines
whether the person is female (XX) or male (XY).
Answer:
A
Question 10:
Referring to a plant's sexual life cycle, which of the following terms
describes the process that leads directly to the formation of gametes? A.
sporophyte meiosis B. gametophyte mitosis C. sporophyte mitosis D.
gametophyte meiosis E. alternation of generations
Answer:
B
Question 11:
Which of the following is an example of alternation of generations? A. A
grandparent and grandchild each have dark hair, but the parent has blond
hair. B. A diploid animal produces gametes by meiosis, and the gametes
undergo fertilization to produce a diploid zygote. C. A diploid plant
(sporophyte) produces, by meiosis, a spore that gives rise to a
multicellular, haploid pollen
Answer:
C
