BIO 201 MIDTERM: HUMAN ANATOMY
AND PHYSIOLOGY I QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS (LATEST 2026 /
2027), (A+ GUARANTEE).
1. Which of the following best describes the physiological process of negative feedback?
A. The effector increases the stimulus until a climactic event occurs.
B. The stimulus and response occur in the same direction to amplify change.
C. The control center ignores the stimulus to maintain a set point.
D. The response of the effector negates or reduces the intensity of the original stimulus.
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Negative feedback mechanisms act to oppose the initial
stimulus, bringing the variable back toward the homeostatic set point.
2. What is the primary function of cholesterol within the plasma membrane?
A. To act as a transport channel for polar molecules.
B. To provide energy for active transport.
C. To serve as a cell-identity marker.
D. To stabilize the membrane and regulate its fluidity.
,Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Cholesterol molecules are wedged between phospholipid tails to
maintain membrane integrity and fluidity across varying temperatures.
3. In a hypertonic solution, what will happen to a human red blood cell?
A. The cell will undergo hemolysis.
B. The cell will actively pump water inward.
C. The cell will remain in a state of dynamic equilibrium.
D. The cell will undergo crenation.
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: A hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration than the
cytosol, causing water to leave the cell by osmosis, leading to shriveling (crenation).
4. Which organelle is responsible for the detoxification of drugs and the synthesis of lipids?
A. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
B. Golgi Apparatus
C. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
D. Lysosome
Answer: A
, Conceptual Explanation: The Smooth ER lacks ribosomes and is involved in lipid
metabolism, steroid synthesis, and detoxification in the liver.
5. During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
A. S Phase
B. G1 Phase
C. G2 Phase
D. M Phase
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: DNA synthesis occurs during the S (Synthesis) phase of
interphase, ensuring that daughter cells receive a complete set of genetic information.
6. Which type of epithelial tissue is specialized for rapid diffusion and filtration?
A. Stratified Squamous
B. Simple Squamous
C. Simple Columnar
D. Transitional
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Simple squamous epithelium consists of a single layer of flat
cells, providing a minimal barrier for diffusion in areas like the alveoli and capillaries.
AND PHYSIOLOGY I QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS (LATEST 2026 /
2027), (A+ GUARANTEE).
1. Which of the following best describes the physiological process of negative feedback?
A. The effector increases the stimulus until a climactic event occurs.
B. The stimulus and response occur in the same direction to amplify change.
C. The control center ignores the stimulus to maintain a set point.
D. The response of the effector negates or reduces the intensity of the original stimulus.
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Negative feedback mechanisms act to oppose the initial
stimulus, bringing the variable back toward the homeostatic set point.
2. What is the primary function of cholesterol within the plasma membrane?
A. To act as a transport channel for polar molecules.
B. To provide energy for active transport.
C. To serve as a cell-identity marker.
D. To stabilize the membrane and regulate its fluidity.
,Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Cholesterol molecules are wedged between phospholipid tails to
maintain membrane integrity and fluidity across varying temperatures.
3. In a hypertonic solution, what will happen to a human red blood cell?
A. The cell will undergo hemolysis.
B. The cell will actively pump water inward.
C. The cell will remain in a state of dynamic equilibrium.
D. The cell will undergo crenation.
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: A hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration than the
cytosol, causing water to leave the cell by osmosis, leading to shriveling (crenation).
4. Which organelle is responsible for the detoxification of drugs and the synthesis of lipids?
A. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
B. Golgi Apparatus
C. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
D. Lysosome
Answer: A
, Conceptual Explanation: The Smooth ER lacks ribosomes and is involved in lipid
metabolism, steroid synthesis, and detoxification in the liver.
5. During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
A. S Phase
B. G1 Phase
C. G2 Phase
D. M Phase
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: DNA synthesis occurs during the S (Synthesis) phase of
interphase, ensuring that daughter cells receive a complete set of genetic information.
6. Which type of epithelial tissue is specialized for rapid diffusion and filtration?
A. Stratified Squamous
B. Simple Squamous
C. Simple Columnar
D. Transitional
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Simple squamous epithelium consists of a single layer of flat
cells, providing a minimal barrier for diffusion in areas like the alveoli and capillaries.
