Introduction
In this assignment I will be explaining the reproductive system's structure and physiology, as
well as the part hormones play in gamete development and conception, will all be covered in
this assignment. Lastly, I will also discuss how managing the male and female reproductive
systems may affect human reproductive health.
Female reproductive system
The female reproductive system containing a group of internal and external organs and
tissues that produce hormones Aswell as having the responsibility of a women's
reproduction the menstrual cycle and sexual activity. The parts consist of fallopian tubes,
cervix, uterus endometrium labia ovaries and vagina.
a women has two ovaries, in one singular ovary they both structurally have an outer cortex
and inside contain an inner medulla they each contain hundreds of gametes that are
maturing into female gametes. They are referred to as ova or egg cells, and each individual
egg cell is known as an ovum. Women have these cells in their tissues from birth, unlike
men who produce new sperm from their testicles on a constant basis. Oogonia are cells that
undergo mitosis to create primary oocytes and then again to develop follicular cells. The
ovary's germinal epithelium is composed of oogonia. The ovary is also where the hormones
oestrogen and progesterone are produced
Uterus and Cervix are both Often referred to as the womb, the uterus structure is that it is a
muscular bag with a soft tissue lining called endometrium back to the uterus it has an
opening at the end which is called the cervix. The smooth muscle that makes up the uterine
wall is called the myometrium. The tissue that lines the inside of the uterus and has a high
blood supply is called the endometrium. The blastocyst will deposit itself into this tissue.
From the time of conception until the baby is born, it is formed inside the uterus. The cervix
is a muscular ring that is located at the base of the uterus. During the woman's pregnancy, it
keeps the baby in place inside the uterus. The vulva (vulv is another name for the vulva.)
connects the cervix to the outside of your body and the cervix marks the start of the vagina,
a muscular tube it is what allows flid to pass out the body and allows for things like child birth
and impregnation. The labia acts as protection for the women's vagina because structurally it
has skin folds(this is what protects the opening of vagina to the urethra). Once egg is
fertilised it is transported to the uterus though the fallopian tubes these tubes are covered in
cilia finger-like structures found at the ends of the fallopian tubes are called fimbriae. They
catch the egg once it is released from the ovary. These fimbriae help move the egg from the
ovaries to the uterus by gently guiding it into the fallopian tube. Inside the vulva lies the
clitoris which is made of erectile tissue
Male reproductive system
organ Structure/makeup of organ The organs role
testes Suspended outside the males This is the males primary sex
body in a scrotal sac organ it produces the hormone
The outside is Covered by testosterone and sperm inside
layers of tissue called the the seminiferous tubules
tunica
, scrotum Found underneath the penis Protects the testes by
made up of skin and smooth regulating the temp as the
muscle. normal body temp would be to
Separated into 2 sections by hot so it lowers the temp a little
the scrotal septum bit. If not, the sperm will have
limited movement this because
there is less ATP
Epididymis(ductus deferens) Its a single coiled tube with When the said muscular walls
muscular walls usually 3-8 cm contract this allows the sperm
long to pass through the duct
Vas deference (sperm duct) One of these should be in Carries the spermatozoa from
each of the males testes the epididymis to the
ejaculatory duct
Prostate gland Surrounds the urethra The glands secret a citrate +
Contains 20-30 glands enzyme this fluid make up a
third of semen volume
penis This is the organ that the Fills with blood when male is
urethra runs through. Has 3 aroused becomes hard and
spongey tissues rigid
Cowpers gland Small and round shaped glandClear thick mucus that drains
into the urethra this neutralizes
any acidic urine
Seminal vesicles 2 Sac shaped usually 2 inches Along with the epididymis when
long.coiled tube with muscle muscle walls contract it allows
tissue surrounding it sperm to flow through
Erectile tissue Found inside the mans penis When the spaces fill with blood
its made of connective tissue wehn a man is sexually
and muscle it also contains aroused it causes the penis to
space called lacunae become erect and elongated
urethra Last part of the male duct Delivery of both urine and
system sperm
The production and maturation of sperm cells
spermatogenesis is the name given to the process of how males produce sperm cells (male
gamete) and how these cells mature the whole thing is soley dependent on the balance of
hormones (testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and
gonadotropin-releasing hormone). Hormones are important for sperm cells develop normally
in the testes.
Like all processes in the human body the starting point is the brain. The man's hypothalamus
secretes the hormone Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH for short) what this does is
send a chemical signal to the anterior pituitary gland located in the brain.in a response the
pituitary gland releases both follicle stimulating hormone and Luteinizing hormone. Fsh
signals Sertoli cells in the testicle to nourish developing sperm while LH instructs Leydig
cells also in the testicles to produce testosterone for sperm production. FSH also
In this assignment I will be explaining the reproductive system's structure and physiology, as
well as the part hormones play in gamete development and conception, will all be covered in
this assignment. Lastly, I will also discuss how managing the male and female reproductive
systems may affect human reproductive health.
Female reproductive system
The female reproductive system containing a group of internal and external organs and
tissues that produce hormones Aswell as having the responsibility of a women's
reproduction the menstrual cycle and sexual activity. The parts consist of fallopian tubes,
cervix, uterus endometrium labia ovaries and vagina.
a women has two ovaries, in one singular ovary they both structurally have an outer cortex
and inside contain an inner medulla they each contain hundreds of gametes that are
maturing into female gametes. They are referred to as ova or egg cells, and each individual
egg cell is known as an ovum. Women have these cells in their tissues from birth, unlike
men who produce new sperm from their testicles on a constant basis. Oogonia are cells that
undergo mitosis to create primary oocytes and then again to develop follicular cells. The
ovary's germinal epithelium is composed of oogonia. The ovary is also where the hormones
oestrogen and progesterone are produced
Uterus and Cervix are both Often referred to as the womb, the uterus structure is that it is a
muscular bag with a soft tissue lining called endometrium back to the uterus it has an
opening at the end which is called the cervix. The smooth muscle that makes up the uterine
wall is called the myometrium. The tissue that lines the inside of the uterus and has a high
blood supply is called the endometrium. The blastocyst will deposit itself into this tissue.
From the time of conception until the baby is born, it is formed inside the uterus. The cervix
is a muscular ring that is located at the base of the uterus. During the woman's pregnancy, it
keeps the baby in place inside the uterus. The vulva (vulv is another name for the vulva.)
connects the cervix to the outside of your body and the cervix marks the start of the vagina,
a muscular tube it is what allows flid to pass out the body and allows for things like child birth
and impregnation. The labia acts as protection for the women's vagina because structurally it
has skin folds(this is what protects the opening of vagina to the urethra). Once egg is
fertilised it is transported to the uterus though the fallopian tubes these tubes are covered in
cilia finger-like structures found at the ends of the fallopian tubes are called fimbriae. They
catch the egg once it is released from the ovary. These fimbriae help move the egg from the
ovaries to the uterus by gently guiding it into the fallopian tube. Inside the vulva lies the
clitoris which is made of erectile tissue
Male reproductive system
organ Structure/makeup of organ The organs role
testes Suspended outside the males This is the males primary sex
body in a scrotal sac organ it produces the hormone
The outside is Covered by testosterone and sperm inside
layers of tissue called the the seminiferous tubules
tunica
, scrotum Found underneath the penis Protects the testes by
made up of skin and smooth regulating the temp as the
muscle. normal body temp would be to
Separated into 2 sections by hot so it lowers the temp a little
the scrotal septum bit. If not, the sperm will have
limited movement this because
there is less ATP
Epididymis(ductus deferens) Its a single coiled tube with When the said muscular walls
muscular walls usually 3-8 cm contract this allows the sperm
long to pass through the duct
Vas deference (sperm duct) One of these should be in Carries the spermatozoa from
each of the males testes the epididymis to the
ejaculatory duct
Prostate gland Surrounds the urethra The glands secret a citrate +
Contains 20-30 glands enzyme this fluid make up a
third of semen volume
penis This is the organ that the Fills with blood when male is
urethra runs through. Has 3 aroused becomes hard and
spongey tissues rigid
Cowpers gland Small and round shaped glandClear thick mucus that drains
into the urethra this neutralizes
any acidic urine
Seminal vesicles 2 Sac shaped usually 2 inches Along with the epididymis when
long.coiled tube with muscle muscle walls contract it allows
tissue surrounding it sperm to flow through
Erectile tissue Found inside the mans penis When the spaces fill with blood
its made of connective tissue wehn a man is sexually
and muscle it also contains aroused it causes the penis to
space called lacunae become erect and elongated
urethra Last part of the male duct Delivery of both urine and
system sperm
The production and maturation of sperm cells
spermatogenesis is the name given to the process of how males produce sperm cells (male
gamete) and how these cells mature the whole thing is soley dependent on the balance of
hormones (testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and
gonadotropin-releasing hormone). Hormones are important for sperm cells develop normally
in the testes.
Like all processes in the human body the starting point is the brain. The man's hypothalamus
secretes the hormone Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH for short) what this does is
send a chemical signal to the anterior pituitary gland located in the brain.in a response the
pituitary gland releases both follicle stimulating hormone and Luteinizing hormone. Fsh
signals Sertoli cells in the testicle to nourish developing sperm while LH instructs Leydig
cells also in the testicles to produce testosterone for sperm production. FSH also
