PSL 250 PAST EXAM 4 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2026

PSL 250 PAST EXAM 4 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2026 In the kidney, filtrate enters the Loop of Henle from the... A. Glomerulus B. Proximal tubule C. Collecting duct D. Efferent arteriole - Answers Proximal tubule Which of these is filtered by the glomerulus? A. Inulin B. Albumin C. RBC D. Platelets - Answers Inulin Glucose transport from the filtrate into tubular cells... A. Uses endocytosis B. Uses simple diffusion C. Uses sodium cotransport D. Uses potassium countertransport - Answers Uses sodium cotransport What is the minimum urine volume needed daily to remove toxins from the body? A. 100 ml B. 200 ml C. 500 ml D. 1000 ml - Answers 500 ml What does renin do? A. causes aldosterone release B. Splits angiotensin I into angiotensin II C. Increases sodium excretion D. Splits angiotensinogen into angiotensin I - Answers Splits angiotensinogen into angiotensin I What molecule is used to measure renal blood flow? A. Glucose B. PAH C. Bicarbonate D. Ammonia - Answers PAH What part of the renal system creates the concentration gradient from the medulla to the cortex? A. Afferent arteriole B. Distal tubule C. Loop of Henle D. Posterior pituitary - Answers Loop of Henle The release of vasopressin will occur when... A. Renal blood pressure is high B. A person is dehydrated C. Blood glucose is at least 3 times above normal D. Protein is filtered into the tubular system - Answers a person is dehydrated What is the most concentrated urine that a human can produce? A. 1200 mOsm B. 1800 mOsm C. 2400 mOsm D. 3000 mOsm - Answers 1200 mOsm Increased secretion of H+ causes a decrease in the secretion of... A. ammonia B. Amino acid C. Glucose D. Potassium - Answers Potassium What causes urine from the kidney to the bladder? A. collecting duct B. ureter C. urethra D. renal vein - Answers ureter Voluntary micturition (urination) occurs when... A. The bladder relaxes B. The internal sphincter relaxes C. The external sphincter relaxes D. The kidney contract - Answers The external sphincter relaxes What fluid compartment has a high sodium content and a high protein content? A. plasma B. Interstitial fluid C. lymph D. intracellular fluid - Answers plasma Short term control of blood pressure primarily depends on... A. Vasopressin release B. Inulin absorption C. Response to baroreceptors D. Sodium reabsorption - Answers Response to baroreceptors Normal RBCs will shrink in a solution that is.... A. 100 mOsm B. 300 mOsm C. Isotonic D. Hypertonic - Answers Hypertonic Aquaporins are involved in... A. the reabsorption of water B. The reabsorption of sodium C. The secretion of sweat D. Water loss from the lungs - Answers The reabsorption of water Which of these is considered the only strong acid in the body? A. Phosphoric acid B. Pyruvic acid C. lactic acid D. hydrochloric acid - Answers hydrochloric acid Which of these would be a reasonable blood pH if a person is acidotic? A. 6.40 B. 7.25 C. 7.40 D. 7.60 - Answers 7.25