HESI RN Fundamentals Exit Exam Questions and Answers 2026 |
Fundamentals Nursing Exam Prep & Study Guide
Thexnursextranscribesxthexpostoperativexprescriptionsxforxaxclientxwhoxreturnsxtoxthexunitxfollowingxsur
geryxandxnotesxthatxanxantihypertensivexmedicationxthatxwasxprescribedxpreoperativelyxisxnotxlisted.xW
hichxactionxshouldxthexnursextake?
A.
Consultxwithxthexpharmacistxaboutxthexneedxtoxcontinuexthexmedication.
xB.
Administerxthexantihypertensivexmedicationxasxprescribedxpreoperatively.
xC.
Withholdxthexmedicationxuntilxthexclientxisxfullyxalertxandxvitalxsignsxarexstable.
xD.
Contactxthexhealthxcarexproviderxtoxrenewxthexprescriptionxforxthexmedication.x-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅D
Rationale:xMedicationsxprescribedxpreoperativelyxmustxbexrenewedxpostoperatively,xsoxthexnursexshoul
dxcontactxthexhealthxcarexproviderxifxthexantihypertensivexmedicationxisxnotxincludedxinxthexpostoperati
vexprescriptions.xThexpharmacistxdoesxnotxprescribexmedicationsxorxrenewxprescriptions.xThexnursexmu
stxhavexaxcurrentxprescriptionxbeforexadministeringxanyxmedications.
Whichxfluidxwillxthexnursexselectxtoxadministerxwithxthexprescribedxbloodxtransfusion?
A.
5%xDextrosexandxwater
xB.
Normalxsaline
xC.
LactatedxRingersxsolution
xD.
5%xDextrosexandxlactatedxringersx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅Bx
Rationale:xNormalxsalinexsolutionxisxthexonlyxsolutionxthatxisxcompatiblexwithxblood.
,Whenxassistingxaxclientxfromxthexbedxtoxaxchair,xwhichxprocedurexisxbestxforxthexnursextoxfollow?
A.
Placexthexchairxparallelxtoxthexbed,xwithxitsxbackxtowardxthexheadxofxthexbedxandxassistxthexclientxinxmo
vingxtoxthexchair.
xB.
Withxthexnurse'sxfeetxspreadxapartxandxkneesxalignedxwithxthexclient'sxknees,xstandxandxpivotxthexclient
xintoxthexchair.
xC.
Assistxthexclientxtoxaxstandingxpositionxbyxgentlyxliftingxupward,xunderneathxthexaxillae.
xD.
Standxbesidexthexclient,xplacexthexclient'sxarmsxaroundxthexnurse'sxneck,xandxgentlyxmovexthexclientxtox
thexchair.x-xcorrectxanswerx ✅B
Rationale:xOptionxBxdescribesxthexcorrectxpositioningxofxthexnursexandxaffordsxthexnursexaxwidexbasexof
xsupportxwhilexstabilizingxthexclient'sxkneesxwhenxassistingxtoxaxstandingxposition.xThexchairxshouldxbexp
lacedxatxax45-
degreexanglextoxthexbed,xwithxthexbackxofxthexchairxtowardxthexheadxofxthexbed.xClientsxshouldxneverxb
exliftedxunderxthexaxillae;xthisxcouldxdamagexnervesxandxstrainxthexnurse'sxback.xThexclientxshouldxbexin
structedxtoxusexthexarmsxofxthexchairxandxshouldxneverxplacexhisxorxherxarmsxaroundxthexnurse'sxneck;x
thisxplacesxunduexstressxonxthexnurse'sxneckxandxbackxandxincreasesxthexriskxforxaxfall.
Thexnursexisxcalledxtoxthexwaitingxroomxofxaxpediatricxclinic.xThexfranticxmotherxstates,x"Ixthinkxmyx4-
month-oldxbabyxisxchoking!"xWhatxstepsxwillxthexnursextake?x(Selectxallxthatxapply.)
A.
Compressxthexchestxoncexbetweenxthexnipplesxwithxtwoxfingers.
xB.
Notexanyxobstructionxorxabsencexofxbreathing.
xC.
Deliverxfivexbackslapsxbetweenxthexshoulderxblades.
xD.
Placexthexinfantxoverxthexnurse'sxarm.
xE.
Performxaxblindxfingerxsweep.x-xcorrectxanswerx ✅B,xC,xD
,Rationale:xThexfingersxarexplacedxatxthexsamexlocationxonxanxinfantxasxchestxcompressionsxforxCPR;xho
wever,xthexnursexmustxdeliverxfivexchestxthrusts,xafterxthexfivexbackxslaps.xBlindxsweepsxarexnotxusedxas
xthisxactionxmayxpushxthexobjectxdeeperxintoxthexthroat.xThexremainingxstepsxarexcorrect.
HowxmanyxmLxwillxthexnursexdocumentxonxthexclient'sxintakexandxoutputxrecordxfromxthexitemsxlisted?x
_____xmL
1200xmLxwater
4xouncexcontainerxofxgelatin
8xouncesxofxorangexjuice
355xmLxcanxofxsoda1xcupxofxsoupx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅Answer:x2155
Rationale:x1200x+x240x(8xoz)x+x240x(1xcup)x+x120x(4xoz)x+x355x=x2155
ThexnursexobservesxaxUAPxtakingxaxclient'sxbloodxpressurexinxthexlowerxextremity.xWhichxobservationxo
fxthisxprocedurexrequiresxthexnursextoxintervenexwithxthexUAP'sxapproach?
A.
Thexcuffxwrapsxaroundxthexgirthxofxthexleg.
xB.
ThexUAPxauscultatesxthexpoplitealxpulsexwithxthexcuffxonxthexlowerxleg.
xC.
Thexclientxisxplacedxinxaxpronexposition.
xD.
Thexsystolicxreadingxisx20xmmxHgxhigherxthanxthexbloodxpressurexinxthexclient'sxarm.x-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅B
Rationale:xWhenxobtainingxthexbloodxpressurexinxthexlowerxextremities,xthexpoplitealxpulsexisxthexsitexf
orxauscultationxwhenxthexbloodxpressurexcuffxisxappliedxaroundxthexthigh.xThexnursexshouldxintervenex
withxthexUAPxwhoxhasxappliedxthexcuffxonxthexlowerxleg.xOptionxAxensuresxanxaccuratexassessment,xan
dxoptionxCxprovidesxthexbestxaccessxtoxthexartery.xSystolicxpressurexinxthexpoplitealxarteryxisxusuallyx10x
tox40xmmxHgxhigherxthanxinxthexbrachialxartery.
Duringxaxclinicxvisit,xthexmotherxofxax7-year-
oldxreportsxtoxthexnursexthatxherxchildxisxoftenxawakexuntilxmidnightxplayingxandxisxthenxveryxdifficultxt
oxawakenxinxthexmorningxforxschool.xWhichxassessmentxdataxshouldxthexnursexobtainxinxresponsextoxth
exmother'sxconcern?
, A.
Thexoccurrencexofxanyxepisodesxofxsleepxapnea
xB.
Thexchild'sxbloodxpressure,xpulse,xandxrespirations
xC.
Lengthxofxrapidxeyexmovementx(REM)xsleepxthatxthexchildxisxexperiencing
xD.
Descriptionxofxthexfamily'sxhomexenvironmentx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅D
Rationale:xSchool-
agexchildrenxoftenxresistxbedtime.xThexnursexshouldxbeginxbyxassessingxthexenvironmentxofxthexhomext
oxdeterminexfactorsxthatxmayxnotxbexconducivextoxthexestablishmentxofxbedtimexritualsxthatxpromotexs
leep.xOptionxAxoftenxcausesxdaytimexfatiguexratherxthanxresistancextoxgoingxtoxsleep.xOptionxBxisxunlike
lyxtoxprovidexusefulxdata.xThexnursexcannotxdeterminexoptionxC.
Thexnursexidentifiesxaxpotentialxforxinfectionxinxaxclientxwithxpartial-thicknessx(second-degree)xandxfull-
thicknessx(third-
degree)xburns.xWhatxactionxhasxthexhighestxpriorityxinxdecreasingxthexclient'sxriskxofxinfection?
A.
Administrationxofxplasmaxexpanders
xB.
Usexofxcarefulxhandwashingxtechnique
xC.
Applicationxofxaxtopicalxantibacterialxcream
xD.
Limitingxvisitorsxtoxthexclientxwithxburnsx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅B
Rationale:xCarefulxhandwashingxtechniquexisxthexsinglexmostxeffectivexinterventionxforxthexpreventionx
ofxcontaminationxtoxallxclients.xOptionxAxreversesxthexhypovolemiaxthatxinitiallyxaccompaniesxburnxtrau
maxbutxisxnotxrelatedxtoxdecreasingxthexproliferationxofxinfectivexorganisms.xOptionsxCxandxDxarexrecom
mendedxbyxvariousxburnxcentersxasxpossiblexwaysxtoxreducexthexchancexofxinfection.xOptionxBxisxaxprov
enxtechniquextoxpreventxinfection.
Fundamentals Nursing Exam Prep & Study Guide
Thexnursextranscribesxthexpostoperativexprescriptionsxforxaxclientxwhoxreturnsxtoxthexunitxfollowingxsur
geryxandxnotesxthatxanxantihypertensivexmedicationxthatxwasxprescribedxpreoperativelyxisxnotxlisted.xW
hichxactionxshouldxthexnursextake?
A.
Consultxwithxthexpharmacistxaboutxthexneedxtoxcontinuexthexmedication.
xB.
Administerxthexantihypertensivexmedicationxasxprescribedxpreoperatively.
xC.
Withholdxthexmedicationxuntilxthexclientxisxfullyxalertxandxvitalxsignsxarexstable.
xD.
Contactxthexhealthxcarexproviderxtoxrenewxthexprescriptionxforxthexmedication.x-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅D
Rationale:xMedicationsxprescribedxpreoperativelyxmustxbexrenewedxpostoperatively,xsoxthexnursexshoul
dxcontactxthexhealthxcarexproviderxifxthexantihypertensivexmedicationxisxnotxincludedxinxthexpostoperati
vexprescriptions.xThexpharmacistxdoesxnotxprescribexmedicationsxorxrenewxprescriptions.xThexnursexmu
stxhavexaxcurrentxprescriptionxbeforexadministeringxanyxmedications.
Whichxfluidxwillxthexnursexselectxtoxadministerxwithxthexprescribedxbloodxtransfusion?
A.
5%xDextrosexandxwater
xB.
Normalxsaline
xC.
LactatedxRingersxsolution
xD.
5%xDextrosexandxlactatedxringersx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅Bx
Rationale:xNormalxsalinexsolutionxisxthexonlyxsolutionxthatxisxcompatiblexwithxblood.
,Whenxassistingxaxclientxfromxthexbedxtoxaxchair,xwhichxprocedurexisxbestxforxthexnursextoxfollow?
A.
Placexthexchairxparallelxtoxthexbed,xwithxitsxbackxtowardxthexheadxofxthexbedxandxassistxthexclientxinxmo
vingxtoxthexchair.
xB.
Withxthexnurse'sxfeetxspreadxapartxandxkneesxalignedxwithxthexclient'sxknees,xstandxandxpivotxthexclient
xintoxthexchair.
xC.
Assistxthexclientxtoxaxstandingxpositionxbyxgentlyxliftingxupward,xunderneathxthexaxillae.
xD.
Standxbesidexthexclient,xplacexthexclient'sxarmsxaroundxthexnurse'sxneck,xandxgentlyxmovexthexclientxtox
thexchair.x-xcorrectxanswerx ✅B
Rationale:xOptionxBxdescribesxthexcorrectxpositioningxofxthexnursexandxaffordsxthexnursexaxwidexbasexof
xsupportxwhilexstabilizingxthexclient'sxkneesxwhenxassistingxtoxaxstandingxposition.xThexchairxshouldxbexp
lacedxatxax45-
degreexanglextoxthexbed,xwithxthexbackxofxthexchairxtowardxthexheadxofxthexbed.xClientsxshouldxneverxb
exliftedxunderxthexaxillae;xthisxcouldxdamagexnervesxandxstrainxthexnurse'sxback.xThexclientxshouldxbexin
structedxtoxusexthexarmsxofxthexchairxandxshouldxneverxplacexhisxorxherxarmsxaroundxthexnurse'sxneck;x
thisxplacesxunduexstressxonxthexnurse'sxneckxandxbackxandxincreasesxthexriskxforxaxfall.
Thexnursexisxcalledxtoxthexwaitingxroomxofxaxpediatricxclinic.xThexfranticxmotherxstates,x"Ixthinkxmyx4-
month-oldxbabyxisxchoking!"xWhatxstepsxwillxthexnursextake?x(Selectxallxthatxapply.)
A.
Compressxthexchestxoncexbetweenxthexnipplesxwithxtwoxfingers.
xB.
Notexanyxobstructionxorxabsencexofxbreathing.
xC.
Deliverxfivexbackslapsxbetweenxthexshoulderxblades.
xD.
Placexthexinfantxoverxthexnurse'sxarm.
xE.
Performxaxblindxfingerxsweep.x-xcorrectxanswerx ✅B,xC,xD
,Rationale:xThexfingersxarexplacedxatxthexsamexlocationxonxanxinfantxasxchestxcompressionsxforxCPR;xho
wever,xthexnursexmustxdeliverxfivexchestxthrusts,xafterxthexfivexbackxslaps.xBlindxsweepsxarexnotxusedxas
xthisxactionxmayxpushxthexobjectxdeeperxintoxthexthroat.xThexremainingxstepsxarexcorrect.
HowxmanyxmLxwillxthexnursexdocumentxonxthexclient'sxintakexandxoutputxrecordxfromxthexitemsxlisted?x
_____xmL
1200xmLxwater
4xouncexcontainerxofxgelatin
8xouncesxofxorangexjuice
355xmLxcanxofxsoda1xcupxofxsoupx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅Answer:x2155
Rationale:x1200x+x240x(8xoz)x+x240x(1xcup)x+x120x(4xoz)x+x355x=x2155
ThexnursexobservesxaxUAPxtakingxaxclient'sxbloodxpressurexinxthexlowerxextremity.xWhichxobservationxo
fxthisxprocedurexrequiresxthexnursextoxintervenexwithxthexUAP'sxapproach?
A.
Thexcuffxwrapsxaroundxthexgirthxofxthexleg.
xB.
ThexUAPxauscultatesxthexpoplitealxpulsexwithxthexcuffxonxthexlowerxleg.
xC.
Thexclientxisxplacedxinxaxpronexposition.
xD.
Thexsystolicxreadingxisx20xmmxHgxhigherxthanxthexbloodxpressurexinxthexclient'sxarm.x-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅B
Rationale:xWhenxobtainingxthexbloodxpressurexinxthexlowerxextremities,xthexpoplitealxpulsexisxthexsitexf
orxauscultationxwhenxthexbloodxpressurexcuffxisxappliedxaroundxthexthigh.xThexnursexshouldxintervenex
withxthexUAPxwhoxhasxappliedxthexcuffxonxthexlowerxleg.xOptionxAxensuresxanxaccuratexassessment,xan
dxoptionxCxprovidesxthexbestxaccessxtoxthexartery.xSystolicxpressurexinxthexpoplitealxarteryxisxusuallyx10x
tox40xmmxHgxhigherxthanxinxthexbrachialxartery.
Duringxaxclinicxvisit,xthexmotherxofxax7-year-
oldxreportsxtoxthexnursexthatxherxchildxisxoftenxawakexuntilxmidnightxplayingxandxisxthenxveryxdifficultxt
oxawakenxinxthexmorningxforxschool.xWhichxassessmentxdataxshouldxthexnursexobtainxinxresponsextoxth
exmother'sxconcern?
, A.
Thexoccurrencexofxanyxepisodesxofxsleepxapnea
xB.
Thexchild'sxbloodxpressure,xpulse,xandxrespirations
xC.
Lengthxofxrapidxeyexmovementx(REM)xsleepxthatxthexchildxisxexperiencing
xD.
Descriptionxofxthexfamily'sxhomexenvironmentx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅D
Rationale:xSchool-
agexchildrenxoftenxresistxbedtime.xThexnursexshouldxbeginxbyxassessingxthexenvironmentxofxthexhomext
oxdeterminexfactorsxthatxmayxnotxbexconducivextoxthexestablishmentxofxbedtimexritualsxthatxpromotexs
leep.xOptionxAxoftenxcausesxdaytimexfatiguexratherxthanxresistancextoxgoingxtoxsleep.xOptionxBxisxunlike
lyxtoxprovidexusefulxdata.xThexnursexcannotxdeterminexoptionxC.
Thexnursexidentifiesxaxpotentialxforxinfectionxinxaxclientxwithxpartial-thicknessx(second-degree)xandxfull-
thicknessx(third-
degree)xburns.xWhatxactionxhasxthexhighestxpriorityxinxdecreasingxthexclient'sxriskxofxinfection?
A.
Administrationxofxplasmaxexpanders
xB.
Usexofxcarefulxhandwashingxtechnique
xC.
Applicationxofxaxtopicalxantibacterialxcream
xD.
Limitingxvisitorsxtoxthexclientxwithxburnsx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅B
Rationale:xCarefulxhandwashingxtechniquexisxthexsinglexmostxeffectivexinterventionxforxthexpreventionx
ofxcontaminationxtoxallxclients.xOptionxAxreversesxthexhypovolemiaxthatxinitiallyxaccompaniesxburnxtrau
maxbutxisxnotxrelatedxtoxdecreasingxthexproliferationxofxinfectivexorganisms.xOptionsxCxandxDxarexrecom
mendedxbyxvariousxburnxcentersxasxpossiblexwaysxtoxreducexthexchancexofxinfection.xOptionxBxisxaxprov
enxtechniquextoxpreventxinfection.
